Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

“You Take My Place; Let’S Switch!” What It Means To Be A Woman Powerlifter In Parasport, Aaron Carl S. Seechung, Maria Luisa M. Guinto

The Qualitative Report

Gendered disability in elite sport has emerged as a pertinent area of inquiry in sport psychology. However, qualitative research aimed at amplifying the voices of marginalized subgroups is notably sparse. Employing a phenomenological approach, we examined the lived experience of a Filipina para powerlifter, probing the intersection of gender, disability, and socioeconomic status in shaping how the participant made sense of life and identity, both within and outside the realm of sport. Three personal experiential themes were generated from the interview data's interpretative phenomenological analysis: “survival of the fittest,” “the voices in my head did not allow me to give …

Analyzing Sex Differences And The Dose-Response Relationship Between Aerobic Exercise And Cognitive Processing Speed In Young Active Adults, Jamie A. Ambriz, Amber M. Shipherd, Desmond J. Millender, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Available research has identified a positive relationship between 10 minutes of aerobic exercise and improvements in cognitive processing speed (CPS) in young adults, although participant activity level was unclear Additionally, research indicates possible sex differences concerning exercise and CPS, defined as the rate in which human beings take in information and generate a response. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential effects of aerobic exercise bout length on cognitive processing speed in active adults. A secondary aim was to explore differences in CPS and aerobic exercise bout length between sexes. METHODS: Male (n=6) and female (n=6) participants who were …

A 12-Year Retrospective Analysis Of Vo2max Values In College-Aged Student Athletes, Michelle Wilson, Scott Swanson

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

OBJECTIVE
To examine VO₂max values in a cohort of exercise physiology students over a 12-year time period.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT
Student’s VO₂max values were examined for the effects of gender (males vs. females) and athletic status (athlete vs. non-athlete). Significance was set at p

Retrospective Attitudes Towards The Assessment System In Physical Education In The Former Soviet Republic Of Lithuania: Differences With Regard To Gender, Education, Age, And Physical Activity, Romualdas Malinauskas, Arunas Emeljanovas, Vilija Malinauskiene

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪The study aimed to determine differences between retrospective attitudes of adults towards the assessment system in PE in the former Soviet Republic of Lithuania (SRL) according to gender, education, age, and physical activity. Material and methods: ‪Randomised and cross-over study design. The research sample comprised 1,115 participants (510 male and 605 female, 524 35–45 years old 591 46–55 years old; 603 with secondary education and 512 with university education) representing the population of the Republic of Lithuania. Results: ‪35–45-year-old participants displayed more positive attitudes towards the suitability of assessment in PE in the former SRL and attitudes towards the …

Gender Inequalities In Polish And International Sports Organisations, Zbigniew Dziubinski, Natalia Organista

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this article is to check whether gender inequalities occur in Polish sports organisations and what the scale of those inequalities is in comparison to international organisations. Other aims relate to verification whether there exists a policy to align these inequalities: provisions prohibiting discrimination due to gender, rules and regulations providing women with a specified number of seats in the crucial positions of the organisation and activity of women’s sports committees. Material/Methods: The study used methods characteristic of sociology, especially methods of examining official documents: on the one hand, information generated by other empirical data from official …

Health Locus Of Control Of Polish Undergraduates: Gender, Faculty And Type Of Physical Activity Differences, Monika Guszkowska, Anna Kuk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: To effectively realise professional tasks, physical education (PE) teachers, physiotherapists and personal trainers should be convinced as to the fact that health depends on their behaviour and actions. The aim of the research was to investigate possible differences in health locus of control (HLC) between faculties, gender and type of physical activity. Material/Methods: The subjects were 241 undergraduates (111 female and 130 male ones) from the faculty of physical education (n = 96), tourism and recreation (n = 74) and physiotherapy (n = 71), who practiced sports (n = 101) or were involved in recreational physical activity (n = …

Muscle Strength And Power Of Elite Female And Male Swimmers, Krzysztof Busko, Jan Gajewski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the study was to examine gender differences in the maximal power and height of rise of the body mass centre, measured in ACMJ (akimbo counter movement jump), BCMJ (bounce counter movement jump) and CMJ (counter movement jump) and maximal muscle torque in elite swimmers who have a similar training load during the season. Material/Methods: Eight male and eight female elite swimmers competing at the international level took part in the study. The maximal power and height of rise of the body mass center were measured at ACMJ, BCMJ and CMJ jumps performed on a dynamometric platform. …

Still Unnoticed. Women In Polish Sports Associations. Content Analysis Of Polish, International, And British Formal Rules Of Sports Organizations, Natalia Organista

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

From a critical paradigm point of view sport has been a sexist institution. Despite the women empowerment in sport they are still trivialized and marginalized. Research also shows that sport organizations may be exceptionally opposed to women, valuing hegemonic masculinity. Therefore, the aim of this article is to check whether gender inequalities occur in Polish sports organizations and what the scale of those inequalities is in comparison to international and British organizations. Content analysis was used to examine official documents of organizations. The sample consists of seventeen Polish, international and British sports organizations. The content analysis indicates that international and …

The Effect Of A Single Dose Of The Thermo Speed Extreme (Olimp) Thermogenic Supplement On Circulatory Functions And Body Temperatures At Rest In Male And Female Subjects, Ilona Pokora, Lukasz Wolowski, Piotr Wyderka

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of a single dose of the Thermo Speed Extreme (TSE) supplement on circulatory functions at rest and body temperatures in men and women. Material and methods: ‪Twenty-five (male and female) subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Prior to the experiment, the anthropometric characteristics, internal and skin temperatures, the heart rate and blood pressure were measured. Then, the subjects took a single dose of the TSE or placebo (PLA) supplement in a double-blind, randomised, cross-over design. Following the supplement consumption, the same physiological parameters were registered in a seated …

Physical Activity Patterns And Dietary Habits Of Undergraduate Students, Ebenezer Essaw, Monday Omoniyi Moses, Daniel Afrifa, Isaac Kwaku Acheampong, Winifred Mensah, Lemuel Owusu

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Data about physical activity report card for Ghanaian children and youth are available but reports on physical activity patterns and dietary habits of undergraduates are scarce. Material and methods: ‪This cross-sectional study sampled 278 participants (161 males, 117 females, mean age = 20.73 ± 1.72 years). Blood pressure, heart rate, physical activity patterns and dietary habits were measured. Results: ‪Most (83.1%) of the sample predominantly engaged in household activities. Time spent on treadmill/ cycling activities is significantly higher in females than males (P = 0.018). Day/week for high intensity sports was higher in males (P = 0.005), while household …

Too Masculine For Healthcare, Too Feminine For Intense Sports: Correlation Between Gender Conformity And Pro-Health Behaviours, Aleksandra Pawlowska, Kornelia Lipowska, Daniel Krokosz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The goal of this paper is to examine to what extent levels of femininity and masculinity are associated with practicing several types of health behaviours among individuals who are physically active and inactive. Material/Methods: A total of 559 individuals aged between 35 and 45 (M = 39.4; SD = 3.2) took part in the study. The inactive group consisted of 211 individuals (n = 85 women, n = 126 men), and the active group consisted of 348 individuals (n = 131 women, n = 217 men). The participants completed the following pen-and-paper questionnaires: the Psychological Gender Inventory, the Health …

Gender Differences In Physical Activity Status And Knowledge Of Irish University Staff And Students, Claire Mccarthy, Joe Warne

Articles

Objectives

The aim of this study is to examine gender differences in physical activity status and knowledge of physical activity guidelines in University staff and students.

Methods

820 survey respondents, 419 males and 401 females (Age: mean 30 ± 12, median 24 years; Weight: mean 73.4 ± 15.8 kg; Stature: mean 172.1 ± 10.2 cm) were recruited via internal email. All participants completed a self-administered online format of the Global Physical activity Questionnaire.

Results

Less females were regularly active than males in students (p ≤ 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.232 [small]), and staff (p = 0.003; Cramer’s V …

Gender Differences In Physical Activity Level By Domain, Natasha Vinluan, Zachary Zenko

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Engaging in regular physical activity and exercise has been demonstrated to increase life expectancy, improve mental health, and prevent or manage noncommunicable diseases. Although the health benefits are well known, estimates suggest that the majority of women and men do not obtain the recommended amounts of physical activity per week. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess how physical activity levels differed by domain (i.e., domestic/household, transportation-related, occupational, leisure-time) between genders. This information can be useful for tailoring future interventions to promote activity. METHODS: After obtaining ethical approval, participants (79 men, 35 women; mean age: 36 …

Comparison Of Dynamic Balance In Male And Female Collegiate Lacrosse And Soccer Athletes, Elizabeth Carter, Brandon Bartlome, Kurt Wilson

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Please enjoy Volume 6, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.

Thank you for viewing this 6^th Annual OATA Special Edition.

The Difference In Maximal Voluntary Ventilation In Trained Persons And Untrained Persons, Tori Birks, Emily Bailor, Maya Jeffcoat, Callie Rhea

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this test was to determine if trained subjects have better MVV performance than untrained subjects. MVV is typically higher in young, aerobically trained athletes who have non-restrive or obstructive lung conditions and whose respiratory muscles are well trained (Beam & Adams, 2014). Hypothesis:It was hypothesized that the trained males will have higher MVV values than untrained females, trained females, and untrained males .

Absolute And Relative Handgrip Strength Across Gender, Kinzy Hancock, Weslyn Almond, Meredith Ferguson, Brandon Thoms, Lane Evans

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study is to evaluate existing differences between absolute and relative handgrip strength in men and women. It was hypothesized that male subjects will exhibit higher absolute hand grip strength, lower %BF, higher FFM, and higher forearm circumference when compared to women. However, men and women will have similar hand grip strength when compared relatively to body composition.

Risk Factors For Boating Incidents In Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada, Catherine Tr Glass, Audrey R. Giles

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Injury prevention programs that focus on boating and water safety in the Northwest Territories (NWT) have existed for decades; however, rates of boating incidents are much higher in the NWT than southern Canada. To better understand this health disparity, we engaged in community-based participatory research informed by postcolonial feminist theory to examine Aboriginal men’s understandings of the risk factors that contribute to boating incidents in Inuvik, NWT. Participants identified four main risk factors for boating incidents in Inuvik: 1) Gender, 2) age, 3) place, and 4) lack of boating safety education. As a result of these findings and the ways …

Cycle Ergometer Vo2 Max Test (Male Vs. Female Athlete And Male Vs. Female Non-Athlete), Eric Jamison, Adonus Lee, Kira Ramsey, Brandon Thoms

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The research question posed is, how does relative VO2 of males or females compare to each other? Research has shown that males will have an overall higher VO2 than females. Also, trained individuals will have a higher VO2 than those who are untrained. The purpose of this study is conduct VO2 max tests on trained and untrained males and female to observe the differences in VO2. If the subject is a male, then the VO2 will be higher than the females regardless of training.

An Examination Of Optimism Between Gender, Race, And School Classification Of Millennial Students – An Exploratory Study, Abigail C. Johnson

Honors College Theses

Optimism is defined as an individual’s approach to the expectation that good things will happen in the future and bad things are a rarity. Along with the general definition of what optimism is, many researchers have found that optimism depends on culturally embedded values and beliefs (Singh & Shukla, 2014; Lee & Mason, 2013). In addition, the relationship between optimism and positive health outcomes and well-being is well established (Coll, J.E. & Draves, P. R., 2008; Bastianello, M. R., Pacico, J. C., & Hutz, C. S., 2014). Although this is the case, little research has been found examining the differences …

The Assessment Of Isometric, Dynamic, And Sports-Specific Upper-Body Strength In Male And Female Competitive Surfers, Joanna Parsonage, Josh Secomb, Rebecca Dowse, Brendon Ferrier, Jeremy Sheppard, Sophia Nimphius

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences in the dynamic strength index (DSI): an assessment of upper-body dynamic strength relative to maximal isometric strength. The secondary purpose was to investigate gender differences in the dynamic skill deficit (DSD): an assessment of sports-specific dynamic strength relative to maximal isometric strength, and its association with a sports-specific performance measure in surfers. Nine male (age = 30.3 ± 7.3 yrs) and eight female (age = 25.5 ± 5.2 yrs) surfers undertook three upper-body assessments: isometric push-up, dynamic push-up, and a force plate pop-up to determine the DSI and DSD. …

Diet And Sex Differences Induce Unique Alterations Of Markers For Blood Brain Barrier Integrity In Age-Accelerated Mice, Dakota R. Kamm, Kenneth A. Witt, Karin E. Sandoval, Megan L. Schaller, Matthew P. Harris, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The role of diet on brain health has received significant attention, with the Western diet (WD) contributing to cerebrovascular alterations and neurodegenerative disease. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) may play a particularly important role as it forms the interface between the peripheral circulation and the central nervous system. The WD has been shown to negatively impact the BBB. Whether there are sex specific differences with diet on BBB integrity remains unclear. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of diet and sex on the mRNA expression of markers of BBB integrity in an age-accelerated mouse model. METHODS: Male and female Senescence …

Factors Affecting Powerlifting Performance: An Analysis Of Age- And Weight-Based Determinants Of Relative Strength, Christopher Latella, Daniel Van Den Hoek, Wei-Peng Teo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Powerlifting (PL) is characterised by the ability to generate maximal force. However, an understanding of the factors affecting strength in PL athletes is poorly understood. Therefore, competition data were analysed from 1368 individuals during 2017. Relative strength was compared for the squat (SQ), bench press (BP) and deadlift (DL) between age groups (Sub-junior [SJ], Junior [JU], Open [OP], and Masters’ I-IV [M1-M4]), weight classes (females; 47 kg, 52 kg, 57 kg, 63 kg, 72 kg, 84 kg and + 84 kg and males; 59 kg, 66 kg, 74 kg, 83 kg, 93 kg, 105 kg, 120 kg, + 120 kg) …

The Harsh Reality: A Feminist Perspective On The Experiences Of Women Coaching Male Athletes, Emilee Shearer

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study, using a qualitative approach, examines the impact of patriarchy on females who coach a male-dominated sports team. The purpose of the study is to identify and examine the experiences of females who coach a male-dominated sports team in order to have a better understanding of the impact of the gender binary and patriarchy in the sport field. A qualitative approach was used in this study to gain an understanding of the individual and commonality of the experiences of women coaches. There were five female coaches interviewed; one was a high school basketball coach, two were high school football …

Gender Differences In Physical Performance Characteristics Of Competitive Surfers, Joanna Parsonage

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Competitive surfing is judged on the performance and complexity of innovative and progressive manoeuvres. As such, surfers require the physical attributes of strength and power in both the upper and lower-body in order to facilitate performance. To date, there remains limited research pertaining to the physical performance characteristics of competitive female surfers, making it difficult to quantify the current gender gap in performance attributes. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was fivefold: (1) to describe and compare the gender differences in physical performance characteristics of competitive surfers; (2) to investigate the reliability and validity of the isometric push-up (IPU), dynamic …

Understanding Gender Differences In Sports-Related Concussions Among High School Athletes: Implications For Diagnosis, Treatment, And Management, Hillary Grady-Speckhals

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

Growing research on both the immediate and long-term effects of sports-related concussions (SRCs) in professional athletes has called attention not only to understanding the impact of concussions in high school athletes, but has also focused on understanding how SRCs may impact female athletes differently than male athletes (Covassin & Elbin, 2011; Kirkwood, Yeates, & Wilson, 2006). There are many studies that have highlighted the neurocognitive, academic, and socioemotional implications of these brain injuries on developing youth, but there are few studies that focus on gender differences in adolescent athletes (Daneshvar, Nowinski, McKee, & Cantu, 2011; Kirkwood, et al., 2006). Understanding …

Gender Differences In Concussion Reporting Among High School Athletes, Theresa Miyashita, Eleni Diakogeorgiou, Christina Vandervegt

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Background: An athlete’s lack of concussion knowledge could lead to significant underreporting and injury mismanagement. To provide more effective management strategies of concussions in adolescent athletes, further examination of reporting behaviors is of critical importance. Hypothesis: The hypotheses for this study were as follows: (1) Girls are more likely to report concussion, (2) girls are more likely to report future concussions after an educational intervention, and (3) a difference in rationale for not reporting concussion will be found between sexes. Study Design: Cross-sectional, cohort design. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Survey answers were collected on 454 high school athletes …

Loading Rate In Self-Initiated Vertical Jump Landings: Developmental And Gender Comparisons, Pamela Russell, Erik Swartz, Ron Croce, Laura Decoster

Pamela J. Russell

The study compared gender and developmental differences in vertical loading rate upon a two-footed landing from a self-initiated VJ. Fifty-seven subjects grouped by age (pre-pubescent (8-11 yrs); post-pubescent (19-29 yrs)) and gender consented to participate. Subjects jumped for a ball set at 50% of their maximum VJ height, and landed on two feet, facing forward, with only their dominant foot on the force plate. Motion analysis (3-D) and ground reaction force (GRF) data were collected. Statistical analyses indicated significant developmental differences in vertical loading rate normalized to kinetic energy, but no gender differences. Children may have higher loading rates because …

Predictors Of Adolescent Male Body Image Dissatisfaction: Implications For Negative Health Practices And Consequences For School Health From A Regionally Representative Sample, James Leone, Joyce Fetro, Mark Kittleson, Kathleen Welshimer, Julie Partridge, Stacia Robertson

Mark J Kittleson

BACKGROUND: Adolescent males are more likely to sustain intentional and unintentional injuries, be involved in a physical confrontation, and be successful in suicide attempts. Body image dissatisfaction (BID) has been linked as a possible contributing factor to these negative health behaviors and risks; however, research is limited with males. The interaction of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and social variables in a holistic model has yet to be explored for males. Variables precipitating adolescent males to develop an unhealthy body image and act on negative health behaviors, such as body image drug use, were the impetus for this study. METHODS: A randomized cross-sectional …

Men Are More Likely Than Women To Slow In The Marathon, Robert O. Deaner, Rickey E. Carter, Michael J. Joyner, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Studies on nonelite distance runners suggest that men are more likely than women to slow their pace in a marathon.

Purpose: This study determined the reliability of the sex difference in pacing across many marathons and after adjusting women's performances by 12% to address men's greater maximal oxygen uptake and also incorporating information on racing experience.

Methods: Data were acquired from 14 US marathons in 2011 and encompassed 91,929 performances. For 2929 runners, we obtained experience data from a race-aggregating Web site. We operationalized pace maintenance as the percentage change in pace observed in the second half of the marathon …

Gender Differences Between Overall Resistance Work And Overall Energy Costs, Stephanie Lomasney, Amanda Lessard, Abby Steitz, Meg Bosse

Thinking Matters Symposium Archive

No abstract provided.