Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Changes In Biceps Brachii Muscle Hardness Assessed By A Push-In Meter And Strain Elastography After Eccentric Versus Concentric Contractions, Mitsuyoshi Murayama, Takayuki Inami, Norihiro Shima, Tsugutake Yoneda, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Changes in biceps brachii muscle hardness assessed by a push-in meter (PM) and strain elastography (SE) were compared between eccentric (ECC) and concentric contractions (CON) of the elbow flexors to test the hypothesis that muscle hardness would increase greater after ECC. Ten men performed 5 sets of 10 ECC with their non-dominant arms and 5 sets of 10 CON with their dominant arms using a dumbbell corresponding to 50% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force at 90º elbow flexion. Before and 1–4 days after the exercise, MVIC force, elbow joint angles, upper-arm circumference, and muscle soreness as muscle damage …

Genetic Variants Within Noggin, Col1a1, Col5a1, And Igf2 Are Associated With Musculoskeletal Injuries In Elite Male Australian Football League Players: A Preliminary Study, Ysabel Jacob, Ryan S. Anderton, Jodie L. Cochrane Wilkie, Brent Rogalski, Simon M. Laws, Anthony Jones, Tania Spiteri, Dana Hince, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction:

Australian Football is a dynamic team sport that requires many athletic traits to succeed. Due to this combination of traits, as well as technical skill and physicality, there are many types of injuries that could occur. Injuries are not only a hindrance to the individual player, but to the team as a whole. Many strength and conditioning personnel strive to minimise injuries to players to accomplish team success.

Purpose:

To investigate whether selected polymorphisms have an association with injury occurrence in elite male Australian Football players.

Methods:

Using DNA obtained from 46 elite male players, we investigated the associations …

The Relationship Between Resistance Exercise Induced Testosterone And Cortisol Responses And Steroid Receptor Phosphorylation, Borna Golbarg, Justin X. Nicoll, Stephanie A. Sontag, Eric M. Mosier, Andrew C. Fry

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The precise contribution of hormones to resistance training adaptations remains unclear. Recently, resistance exercise (RE) has been shown to change phosphorylation of androgen (pAR) & glucocorticoid receptors (pGR). Examining the relationships between the hormonal responses & steroid receptor phosphorylation may elucidate the role of acute hormonal responses to training adaptations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between exercise-induced hormonal responses and pGR & pAR. METHODS: Resistance trained (RT) (n = 10; age = 21.3±1.7yrs, ht = 175.8±6.8cm, bodymass = 84.5±13.5kg) & untrained (UT) (n = 9; age = 20.8±3.1yrs, ht = 178.7±8.9cm, bodymass = …

Time Course Evaluation Of Mapk Phosphorylation To Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review, Justin X. Nicoll, Christopher J. Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) are intramuscular cell signaling proteins that regulate adaptations to resistance exercise (RE). The MAPKs extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p90RSK, and p38-MAPK increase during and after RE. Despite the well-known increase in post-RE phosphorylation responses of MAPK, the time-course and pattern of their activation remains unclear and poorly described. The ability to clearly define phosphorylation patterns during recovery are limited due to the variety of RE protocols implemented and populations tested when investigating MPAK responses to RE. PURPOSE: To systematically review literature on exercise-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, p38-MAPK, and …

The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion On Exercise And Cognitive Performance In Female Athletes, Isabella G. Lincoln, Courtney Merrill, Katherine M. Price, Sean T. Karl, Ryan T. Kenney, Alyssa A. Riley, Chandler F. Riley, Maya A. Hammer, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Nitrate-rich beetroot juice can enhance intense exercise performance which is attributed to enhanced skeletal muscle contractility. However, limited data exist in females and it is unknown whether dietary nitrate has an ergogenic effect in this population. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential effects of acute nitrate ingestion on a battery of exercise performance and cognitive tests before and after fatiguing intermittent running exercise. METHODS: Fifteen female team-sport athletes were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to consume nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR; 12 mmol of nitrate) and nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (PL; 0.10 mmol of nitrate) 2.5 h prior to …

Muscle Mitochondrial Function At Different Phases Of The Menstrual Cycle, Brandon S. Pfeifer, Briell King, Erin Atkinson, Chad R. Hancock, Robert D. Hyldahl

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The effect of menstrual cycle (MC) phase on muscle recovery from damage has been studied using markers of strength and soreness, but remains inconclusive. Mitochondrial function is essential for muscle recovery, and has been found to be influenced by estradiol (E2). Understanding the relationship between MC phase and mitochondria can provide further insight into women’s muscle health. The PURPOSE of this study was to determine how MC phase affects markers of muscle damage and recovery, with emphasis on mitochondrial function, following electrically-stimulated muscle contractions. METHODS: 22 premenopausal females were recruited and split into two groups, early follicular (EF) and …

Characterising Lower-Body Musculoskeletal Morphology And Whole-Body Composition Of Elite Female And Male Australian Football Players, Callum J. Mccaskie, Marc Sim, Robert U. Newton, Jarryd Heasman, Brent Rogalski, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Physical demands and injury rates differ between elite female and male Australian Football (AF) players. To improve understanding of contributing physical factors to these differences, the purpose of this study was to investigate lower-body morphology and whole-body composition of elite footballers competing in the Australian Football League (AFL) and Australian Football League Women’s (AFLW). Methods: Lower-body morphology and whole-body composition of 23 AFL players and 23 AFLW players were assessed using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography and Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry at the beginning of pre-season. Differences between cohorts, with sub-analyses of kicking vs. support limbs, and experienced vs. inexperienced player …

The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion On Upper And Lower Body Muscular Power During Weightlifting Exercise In Men, Grant Weiderman, Chandler Riley, Joanna Powell, Katie Price, Lauren Wideen, Andrew Fest, Justin Kim, Maya Hammer, Sean Karl, Isabella Lincoln, Noelle Seekamp-Hicks, Joshua Leow, Maddy Espinoza, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR) supplementation improves movements with high-velocity and high-power muscle contractions which may be due to enhanced blood flow, oxygenation and contractile function in type II muscle fibers. The literature has focused predominantly on the effects of BR supplementation running and cycling performance, but its efficacy in resistance exercise, a modality that relies on type II muscle fibers, has limited data. Furthermore, it is unknown how supplementation strategies impact the physiological and ergogenic effects of BR during exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess whether single or multi-day nitrate ingestion will improve performance and muscle …

Investigation Of The Relationship Between Sit-And-Reach Flexibility And The Height, The Leg Length And The Trunk Length In Adolescent Athletes, Bihter Akınoğlu, Büşra Paköz, Adnan Hasanoğlu, Tuğba Kocahan

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Background: ‪‪The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the Sit-and-Reach (SR) test and the height, the leg length, and the trunk length of the male and female adolescent athletes, and to obtain relative SR test results using these anthropometric values. Material and methods: ‪‪Fifty-six adolescent athletes were included in the study. The athletes’ trunk, hip, and hamstring flexibility were evaluated with the SR test (traditional). The height-relative SR, leg length-relative SR and trunk length-relative SR test values were calculated by proportioning each data with the SR test values. Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis were used according to …

Pre-Season Body Composition Has Minimal Influence On In-Season Match Availability, And Match Performance In Female Australian Football League (Aflw) Players, Callum J. Mccaskie, Marc Sim, Robert U. Newton, Jarryd Heasman, Brent Rogalski, Nicolas H. Hart

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study examined the relationship between pre-season body composition, in-season match performance, and match availability in female players competing in the Australian Football League Women's (AFLW) competition. With the outlawing of body composition assessments as part of pre-draft player evaluations in the AFLW, this study seeks to examine whether this is justified. Twenty-two (n = 22) players had body composition assessed with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the beginning of the 2021 AFLW pre-season (whole-body and regional fat mass and lean soft-tissue mass [LSTM]). In-season match availability and match performance data (Coaches Score [CS], Champion Data Player Rank, average disposals, disposal …