Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Between Physical Activity And Reduced Mortality In Inoperable Lung Cancer, Vinicius Cavalheri, Isis Grigoletto, Joanne Mcveigh, David Manners, Terry Boyle, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre, Rajesh Thomas, Jeanie Leong, Samantha Bowyer, Kirsten Mooney, Leon Straker, Daniel A. Galvão

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

We examined device-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour at the time of diagnosis in people with inoperable lung cancer and investigated their associations with 12-month mortality. The people with inoperable lung cancer wore an accelerometer for seven days prior to the treatment commencement. The analysed PA/sedentary behaviour variables included light-intensity PA, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), step count, the total time spent sedentary, and the usual sedentary bout duration. The data on the disease stage, clinical covariates and 12-month mortality were extracted from medical records. Cox regression models were used to estimate the association between the PA measures and 12-month mortality, …

Exercise Medicine Considerations For Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer: Characteristics, Prognosis And Treatment, Brianna Fleay, Favil Singh, Christobel Saunders, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvao, Robert Newton, Caitlin Fox-Harding

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide and is the most common cancer diagnosis made during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. When breast cancer is diagnosed either during pregnancy or in the first-year postpartum, it is referred to as pregnancy-associated breast cancer. The aim of this review is to assess existing literature regarding the recommendations and outcomes of participating in exercise for people with pregnancy-associated breast cancer. The occurrence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer is increasing as a growing number of women delay first pregnancies. Women undergoing treatment for pregnancy-associated breast cancer are dealing with both cancer …

Associations Of Physical Activity And Quality Of Life In Parapneumonic Effusion Patients, Pedro Lopez, Deirdre B. Fitzgerald, Joanne A. Mcveigh, Arash Badiei, Sanjeevan Muruganandan, Robert U. Newton, Leon Straker, Yun C. G. Lee, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction Little is known about activity behaviours and quality of life (QoL) of patients with parapneumonic pleural effusions (PPE) after hospital discharge. This study is a secondary analysis of a randomised trial (dexamethasone versus placebo) for hospitalised patients with PPE. We: 1) described the patients’ activity behaviour patterns and QoL measured at discharge and at 30 days post-discharge; and 2) examined the association between activity behaviours and QoL scores. Methods Activity behaviour (7-day accelerometry; Actigraph GT3X+) and QoL (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36) were assessed. Repeated measures analysis of covariance controlling for baseline values and a series of linear regression …

Exploring The Experiences Of Runners With Visual Impairments And Sighted Guides, Lindsay E. Ball, Lauren J. Leiberman, Pamela Beach, Melanie Perreault, Jason Rich

Human Movement Sciences Faculty Publications

: Running is a popular sport, and, with simple modifications, it can be accessible for individuals with visual impairments, particularly with a sighted running guide. The purpose of this study is to examine the experiences of runners with visual impairments and sighted running guides. Adopting a descriptive qualitative approach to guide data collection analysis and interpretation, seven runners with visual impairments and four sighted running guides were recruited and interviewed. The analysis identified four major themes: (1) benefits, (2) barriers, (3) advocacy, and (4) communication. The identified themes illustrate the influence of participation in running on the health and relationships …

The Effect Of Exercise Modality On Age-Related Changes Observed During Running, Brianne Borgia, Janet S. Dufek, Kara N. Radzak, Julia Freedman Silvernail

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Introduction: With the increase in participation by older adults in endurance events, research is needed to evaluate how exercising throughout the lifespan can afect the aging process regarding gait and mobility. The purpose of this study was to determine how the type of exercise modality one participates in will affect age-related declines observed during running.

Methods: Fifty-six individuals between the ages of 18–65 who considered running, resistance training or cycling/ swimming as their primary form of activity participated in this study. Kinematics were captured using a 10-camera motion capture system while participants ran at a controlled pace of 3.5 m/s …

Feasibility, Psychosocial Effects, Influence, And Perception Of Elastic Band Resistance Balance Training In Older Adults, Nichola M. Davis, Andy Pringle, Anthony D. Kay, Anthony J. Blazevich, Danielle Teskey, Mark A. Faghy, Minas A. Mina

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study utilised feedback from older adults during balance-challenging, elastic band resistance exercises to design a physical activity (PA) intervention. Methods: Twenty-three active participants, aged 51 – 81 years, volunteered to perform a mini balance evaluation test and falls efficacy scale, and completed a daily living questionnaire. Following a 10 min warm-up, participants performed eight pre-selected exercises (1 × set, 8 – 12 repetitions) using elastic bands placed over the hip or chest regions in a randomised, counterbalanced order with 15 min seated rests between interventions. Heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured throughout. Participant interview …

A Brief Report Relating Physical Activity And Depressive Symptoms In Women During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kim Hollingdale, Casey Mace Firebaugh, Stephanie M. Morgan

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Purpose.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between self-reported physical activity and depressive symptoms in US women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods.

A quantitative self-report online survey was administered to adult women (n > 800) in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Physical activity was measured for frequency, intensity, and duration by using Likert scales, along with descriptive measures of types of activity. The Beck Depression Inventory II was applied to assess depressive symptoms.

Results.

The Beck Depression Inventory II score of participants not engaging in physical activity (b = 13.344, …

Effects Of A Multicomponent Resistance-Based Exercise Program With Protein, Vitamin D And Calcium Supplementation On Cognition In Men With Prostate Cancer Treated With Adt: Secondary Analysis Of A 12-Month Randomised Controlled Trial, Niamh Liana Mundell, Patrick J. Owen, Jack Dalla Via, Helen Macpherson, Robin Daly, Patricia M. Livingston, Timo Rantalainen, Stephen Foulkes, Jerremy Millar, Declan G. Murphy, Steve Fraser

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this preplanned secondary analysis of a 12-month randomised controlled trial was to investigate the effects of a multicomponent exercise programme combined with daily whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cognition in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). DESIGN: 12-month, two-arm, randomised controlled trial. SETTING: University clinical exercise centre. PARTICIPANTS: 70 ADT-treated men were randomised to exercise-training plus supplementation (Ex+ Suppl, n=34) or usual care (control, n=36). INTERVENTION: Men allocated to Ex + Suppl undertook thrice weekly resistance training with weight-bearing exercise training plus daily whey protein (25 g), calcium (1200 …

Shifting The Focus Of Mental Health Onto Graduate Students, Rosanna Jaramillo

Graduate Research Showcase

The transition from undergraduate to graduate school has the potential to increase demands among students surrounding coursework as well as fiscal responsibilities. The increased demand has the potential to alter the student’s physical activity which can negatively affect mental health. Physical exercise has the potential to reduce depression as well as negative mood symptoms, such as stress. Exercising also allows for boosting energy, improvement of sleep quality, and relaxation quality. The purpose of this research study was to examine the mental health of the graduate participants prior and after a two-week exercise regimen. The presented study focused on a two-week …

Implementation Barriers To Integrating Exercise As Medicine In Oncology: An Ecological Scoping Review, Mary A. Kennedy, Sara Bayes, Robert U. Newton, Yvonne Zissiadis, Nigel Spry, Dennis Taaffe, Nicolas H. Hart, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose

While calls have been made for exercise to become standard practice in oncology, barriers to implementation in real-world settings are not well described. This systematic scoping review aimed to comprehensively describe barriers impeding integration of exercise into routine oncology care within healthcare systems.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases (since 2010) to identify barriers to implementing exercise into real-world settings. An ecological framework was used to classify barriers according to their respective level within the healthcare system.

Results

A total of 1,376 results were retrieved; 50 articles describing implementation barriers in real-world exercise oncology …

Gender Differences In Physical Activity Status And Knowledge Of Irish University Staff And Students, Claire Mccarthy, Joe Warne

Articles

Objectives

The aim of this study is to examine gender differences in physical activity status and knowledge of physical activity guidelines in University staff and students.

Methods

820 survey respondents, 419 males and 401 females (Age: mean 30 ± 12, median 24 years; Weight: mean 73.4 ± 15.8 kg; Stature: mean 172.1 ± 10.2 cm) were recruited via internal email. All participants completed a self-administered online format of the Global Physical activity Questionnaire.

Results

Less females were regularly active than males in students (p ≤ 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.232 [small]), and staff (p = 0.003; Cramer’s V …

Starting The New Year And Getting Rid Of Type 2 Diabetes?, Sheri R. Colberg

Human Movement Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exercise In Preventing Falls For Men With Prostate Cancer: A Modelled Cost-Utility Analysis, Kim Edmunds, Paul Scuffham, Robert U. Newton, Daniel A. Galvão, Haitham Tuffaha

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction:

Men who receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) are a vulnerable falls population due to the side effects of treatment. The purpose of this paper is to determine the cost-effectiveness of exercise in preventing falls and fractures for this high-risk population in Australia.

Methods:

A decision analytic model was constructed to evaluate the cost utility of an exercise intervention compared to usual care from a health system perspective. The intervention comprised two 1-h sessions of supervised exercise per week over 1 year for men with non-metastatic PCa receiving curative radiation therapy and ADT. A Markov model …

Integration Of Consumer-Based Activity Monitors Into Clinical Practice For Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Feasibility Study, Jason R. Jaggers, Timothy Mckay, Kristi M. King, Bradly J. Thrasher, Kupper A. Wintergerst

Faculty Scholarship

Current technology commonly utilized in diabetes care includes continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and insulin pumps. One often overlooked critical component to the human glucose response is daily physical activity habits. Consumer-based activity monitors may be a valid way for clinics to collect physical activity data, but whether or not children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) would wear them or use the associated mobile application is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of implementing a consumer-based accelerometer directly into ongoing care for adolescents managing T1D. Methods: Adolescents with T1D were invited to participate in this …

Can Learning Be Enhanced With Active Seating?, Judy Beard, Kirk Mathias

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Overweightness continues to increase at an exponential rate in children. This coupled with the demand to increase academic time in elementary schools has contributed to efforts to discover solutions that meet both challenges. Potential solutions are movement curricula and active seating options. However, little has been published relative to best practices of their implementation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the lessons learned while utilizing pedal desks in first and second grade classrooms as stations and whole class seating. Additionally, two different types of heart rate monitors (Polar Oh1 and IHT Spirit) were employed, in an attempt …

The Association Between Motor Capacity And Motor Performance In School-Aged Children With Cerebral Palsy: An Observational Study, Min-Hwa Suk, In-Kyeong Park, Soojin Yoo, Jeong-Yi Kwon

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

This study aimed to investigate the association between motor capacity and motor performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 6–12 years with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I to III.

Methods

Forty-six children with CP (24 boys and 22 girls) classified as GMFCS levels Ⅰ, Ⅱ, or Ⅲ were included. Motor capacity was measured by the Gross motor function measure (GMFM), Pediatric balance scale (PBS), Timed up and go (TUG), and 6-min walk test (6MWT). Motor performance was measured by triaxial accelerometers. Estimations of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) (kcal/kg/day), percentage of time spent on …

Association Between Physical Activity And Sport Participation On Hemoglobin A1c Among Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes, Kristi King, Jason R. Jaggers, Lindsay J. Della, Timothy Mckay, Sara Watson, Amy E. Kozerski, Kimberly Hartson, Kupper A. Wintergerst

Faculty Scholarship

Purpose: To determine associations between physical activity (PA) and sport participation on HbA1c levels in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Method: Pediatric patients with T1D were invited to complete a PA and sport participation survey. Data were linked to their medical records for demographic characteristics, diabetes treatment and monitoring plans, and HbA1c levels. Results: Participants consisted of 71 females and 81 males, were 13 +- 3 years old with an average HbA1c level of 8.75 +- 1.81. Children accumulating 60 min of activity 3 days or more a week had significantly lower HbA1c compared to those who accumulated less …

Sport And Physical Activity During The First 10 Years Of Life In Ireland And The Uk, Kristy Howells, Tara Coppinger

Pre-prints

This chapter considers the many similarities within the educational experiences of the young children in sport and physical activity (PA) in Ireland and the United Kingdom (UK). PA has, in both countries, had an increased focus on its value and importance within children’s lives, a time of habit development. Public Health England (2014) reported that one in six deaths in the UK are due to lack of PA in adults, making it as dangerous as smoking. Healthy Ireland is the national framework for action to improve the health and wellbeing of the people of Ireland. The national guidelines for 2- …

Effects Of A Comprehensive School Health Program On Elementary Student Academic Achievement, Erin E. Centeio, Cheryl Somers, E. Whitney G. Moore, Noel Kulik, Alex Garn, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

BACKGROUND: Improving the academic achievement of youth in the U.S. has been an area of interest for many decades and has been a critical indicator of future success of youth. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a comprehensive school physical activity and healthy eating program on 5th grade students’ academic achievement, specifically reading and math. METHODS: In total, 628 (intervention: 377, 54% female; comparison: 251, 49% female) 5th grade children participated across the six schools in a yearlong comprehensive health intervention, completing curriculum-based academic achievement measures at two-time points. RESULTS: Results showed …

Development And Feasibility Of A Mobile Phone Application Designed To Support Physically Inactive Employees To Increase Walking, Joanna C. Nicholas, Nikos Ntoumanis, Brendan J. Smith, Eleanor Quested, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2021, The Author(s). Background: Physical inactivity is a global health concern. mHealth interventions have become increasingly popular, but to date, principles of effective communication from Self-Determination Theory have not been integrated with behavior change techniques to optimize app effectiveness. We outline the development of the START app, an app combining SDT principles and 17 purposefully chosen BCTs to support inactive office employees to increase their walking during a 16-week randomized controlled trial. We also explored acceptability, engagement with, associations between app usage and behavioral engagement, and perceived impact of the app in supporting behavior change. Methods: Following development, fifty …

The Support Person's Preferences And Perspectives Of Physical Activity Programs For Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment, Terence W. H. Chong, Emily You, Kathryn A. Ellis, Kay L. Cox, Karra D. Harrington, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, David Ames, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Aibl Research Group

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives: Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for older adults' cognition. There is limited research investigating perspectives of support persons (SPs) of next-of-kins (NOKs) with cognitive impairment. This exploratory study aimed to investigate perspectives of SPs of older adults with Alzheimer's Dementia (AD) or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methods: A telephone survey of 213 SPs of NOKs from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL) was undertaken to quantitatively assess SPs' beliefs and knowledge about PA benefits, current PA level of their NOK, and PA program preferences. The contribution of age, gender, diagnosis and mental health symptoms …

Feasibility, Safety, And Acceptability Of A Remotely Monitored Exercise Pilot Champ: A Clinical Trial Of High-Intensity Aerobic And Resistance Exercise For Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer, Stacey A. Kenfield, Erin L. Van Blarigan, Neil Panchal, Alexander Bang, Li Zhang, Rebecca E. Graff, Yea-Hung Chen, Charles J. Ryan, Anthony Luke, Robert U. Newton, Imelda Tenggara, Brooke Schultz, Elizabeth Wang, Emil Lavaki, Kyle Zuniga, Nicole Pinto, Hala Borno, Rahul Aggarwal, Terence Friedlander, Vadim S. Koshkin, Andrea Harzstark, Eric Small, June M. Chan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Exercise may improve clinical and quality of life outcomes for men with prostate cancer. No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of remote exercise training in men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Methods: We conducted a pilot RCT (1:1:1 aerobic or resistance exercise 3x/week or usual care) to determine the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of remotely monitored exercise over 12 weeks in 25 men with mCRPC. A prescribed exercise program was based on baseline testing including high- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or resistance exercise completed at a local exercise facility. Feasibility was based …

Bridging The Research To Practice Gap: A Systematic Scoping Review Of Implementation Of Interventions For Cancer-Related Fatigue Management, Oluwaseyifunmi Andi Agbejule, Nicolas H. Hart, Stuart Ekberg, Koczwara Bogda, Rahul Ladwa, Camilla Simonsen, Elizabeth P. Pinkham, Raymond Javan Chan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common and distressing symptoms in people with cancer. Although efficacy of interventions for CRF have been extensively investigated, less has been done to ensure successful translation into routine clinical practice. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to synthesise knowledge surrounding the implementation of CRF interventions, summarise the processes and outcomes of implementation strategies used, and identify opportunities for further research. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE and CINAHL databases were searched (up to December 2020). The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Group taxonomy and the RE-AIM Framework …

Associations Of Physical Activity And Exercise With Health-Related Outcomes In Patients With Melanoma During And After Treatment: A Systematic Review, Brendan J. Crosby, Pedro Lopez, Daniel A. Galvao, Robert U. Newton, Dennis Taaffe, Tarek M. Meniawy, Lydia Warburton, Muhammad A. Khattak, Elin S. Gray, Favil Singh

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose:

Although exercise medicine is recommended to counter treatment-related side-effects and improve health-related outcomes of patients affected by different cancers, no specific recommendations exist for patients with melanoma. As a result, we systematically examined the current evidence regarding the effects of physical activity and exercise on objectively-measured and patient-reported outcomes among patients with melanoma.

Methods:

Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. This review included published data involving physical activity or exercise and objectively-measured or patient-reported outcomes of patients with cutaneous melanoma. The quality of included studies was assessed using …

Physical Activity And Self-Reported Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors In The Aboriginal Population In Perth, Australia, Measured Using An Adaptation Of The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (Gpaq), Tuguy Esgin, Deborah Hersh, Kevin G. Rowley, Rona Macniven, Kristen Glenister, Alan Crouch, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Complex, ongoing social factors have led to a context where metabolic syndrome (MetS) is disproportionately high in Aboriginal Australians. MetS is characterised by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, high blood-sugar and low HDL-C. This descriptive study aimed to document physical activity levels, including domains and intensity and sedentary behaviour, and MetS risk factors in the Perth Aboriginal (predominately Noongar) community. Methods: The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), together with a questionnaire on self-reported MetS risk factors, was circulated to community members for completion during 2014 (n = 129). Results: Data were analysed using chi-squared tests. The average (SD) …

Impact Of Placement Of Fitbit Hr Under Laboratory And Free-Living Conditions, Hyun Chul Jung, Minsoo Kang, Nan Hee Lee, Soeun Jeon, Sukho Lee

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 by the authors. Wrist-worn activity monitors have become accessible for measuring physical activities, but an activity monitor's accuracy worn at different placements is not well understood. This study aimed to examine the differences in measurements of heart rates, step counts, and calories estimated from the fitness tracker worn at different locations and the accuracy of Fitbit HR against criterion measures. Thirty-two healthy adults participated in this study. Participants wore Fitbit HR at four different locations (right proximal, distal, and left proximal, distal). Treadmill exercise consisted of five 5-min phases including slow walking and jogging. Free-living activities involved ten …

Temporal Trends In The Association Between Participation In Physical Education And Physical Activity Among U.S. High School Students, 2011-2017, Seungho Ryu, Paul Loprinzi, Heontae Kim, Minsoo Kang

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2020 by the author. The purpose of this study was to assess trends in physical education and physical activity among U.S. high school students from 2011 to 2017, respectively, and to evaluate temporal trends in the relationship between physical education class participation and physical activity levels. Data from a total of 51,616 high school students who participated in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed for this study. Physical education was measured as follows: In an average week when you are in school, on how many days do you go to physical education …

Experimental Investigation Examining The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Implicit Memory Function, Paul D. Loprinzi, Morgan Gilbert, Gina Robinson, Briahna Dickerson

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2019, PsychOpen. All rights reserved. Emerging work suggests that acute exercise can enhance explicit memory function. Minimal research, however, has examined whether acute exercise is associated with implicit memory, which was the purpose of this study. Three separate experimental studies were computed (N = 120; Mean age = 21). In Experiment 1, participants were randomly assigned to either a moderate-intensity bout of acute exercise (15-minute) or engaged in a seated control task (15-minute), followed by the completion of a word-fragmentation implicit memory task. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1, but instead employed a higher-intensity exercise protocol. For Experiment 3, participants …

High-Intensity Acute Exercise And Directed Forgetting On Memory Function, Mary Elizabeth Pace, Paul D. Loprinzi

Faculty and Student Publications

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background and Objectives: Despite accumulating research demonstrating that acute exercise may enhance memory function, very little research has evaluated whether acute exercise can effectuate intentional directed forgetting (DF), an adaptative strategy to facilitate subsequent memory performance. Materials and Methods: A three-arm parallel-group randomized controlled intervention was employed. Participants were randomized into one of three groups, including: (1) exercise plus DF (Ex + DF), (2) DF (directed forgetting) only (DF) and (3) R (remember) only (R). The acute bout of exercise included 15 min of high-intensity treadmill exercise. The memory assessment involved …

Inducing Incentive Sensitization Of Exercise Reinforcement Among Adults Who Do Not Regularly Exercise—A Randomized Controlled Trial, Kyle D. Flack, Kelsey Elise Ufholz, Luann Johnson, James N. Roemmich

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background

Increasing exercise reinforcement, or decreasing sedentary reinforcement, may reduce sedentary activity and promote habitual exercise. Repeated exposures to a reinforcer may increase its reinforcing value (i.e., incentive sensitization). It is not yet known whether incentive sensitization occurs for exercise or factors associated with incentive sensitization for exercise reinforcement. The purpose was to determine whether exercise exposures increase exercise reinforcement relative to a sedentary alternative and whether this sensitization of exercise reinforcement would alter physical or sedentary behavior. This work also determined whether exercise dose, intensity, and preference and tolerance for exercise intensity were associated with incentive sensitization of exercise. …