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Thrower's Exostosis Of The Shoulder: A Systematic Review With A Novel Classification, Michael T. Freehill, Sandeep Mannava, Laurence D. Higgins, Alexandre Lädermann, Austin V. Stone
Thrower's Exostosis Of The Shoulder: A Systematic Review With A Novel Classification, Michael T. Freehill, Sandeep Mannava, Laurence D. Higgins, Alexandre Lädermann, Austin V. Stone
Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: A variety of thrower's exostoses are grouped under the term Bennett lesion, which makes understanding diagnosis and treatment difficult.
Purpose: To identify all types of reported thrower's and overhead athlete's exostoses and categorize them into a classification system to allow a morphology-based classification.
Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.
Methods: A systematic review of all articles pertaining to Bennett lesions and thrower's exostosis was performed. The classification and treatments were evaluated to describe the types, proposed causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Results: A total of 27 studies were included in the systematic review. The anatomic locations …