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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Effects Of Seating Arrangement On Affective Meanings And Group Interaction In Healthy Senior Citizens, Judith Ann Boughton
Effects Of Seating Arrangement On Affective Meanings And Group Interaction In Healthy Senior Citizens, Judith Ann Boughton
Masters Theses
Occupational therapists state that environmental factors (seating arrangements) influence behavior. This ex post facto study examined the effect of peripheral versus central seating arrangement on interaction (verbalizing and looking), affect, and group climate in 41 healthy senior citizens. Nine men and 32 women aged 62 to 83 participated in two collage activities (creative and imitative) in either a parallel/nonsharing group or a project/ sharing group. Seating arrangement was added to an earlier study's independent variables (creative and imitative activities, and sharing and nonsharing groups). Dependent variables consisted of three factors of affective meaning from the Osgood Semantic Differential, evaluation, power, …
Effects Of Stress Management Instruction And Anxiety Monitoring In Adult Day Treatment Population, Jack Blanton Wills
Effects Of Stress Management Instruction And Anxiety Monitoring In Adult Day Treatment Population, Jack Blanton Wills
Dissertations and Theses
This study examines the effectiveness of a particular stress management intervention with adult outpatients diagnosed as chronic schizophrenics. The setting for the study was the Portland, Oregon, Veteran's Administration, Outpatient Clinic, Day Treatment Center. The intervention was composed of two factors; 1) stress management training and 2) Behavior-Graph Instruction. Both of these were presented using a psychoeducational model of classroom instruction, role play, and discussion.
A Comparison Of Behavioral Problems Between Speech And/Or Language Impaired Children And Normal Children, Jeannie S. Botelho
A Comparison Of Behavioral Problems Between Speech And/Or Language Impaired Children And Normal Children, Jeannie S. Botelho
Dissertations and Theses
The questions posed in this study were: 1) Is there a significant difference in the prevalence of behavioral problems between speech and/or language impaired children and normal children as reported by parents and teachers? and 2) Is there a significant difference in the types of behavioral problems between speech and/or language impaired children and normal children, as reported by parents and teachers?
The Effects Of Two Management Techniques On The Generalization Of A Syntax Structure, Karin Jeanne Goodling
The Effects Of Two Management Techniques On The Generalization Of A Syntax Structure, Karin Jeanne Goodling
Dissertations and Theses
The effectiveness of any language training program is determined by generalization of the clinically trained behaviors to spontaneous speech. Traditional language programs which employ operant procedures to establish the behavior in the clinic and reinforcement from family, teachers and peers in a variety of settings to obtain generalization, have been successful in establishing the use of grammatical rules in the clinic setting, but reportedly have failed to promote generalization. Recent literature in the areas of semantics and pragmatics has produced a trend toward teaching language in natural contexts. The purpose of this study was to investigate: 1) whether a group …
Dual-Purpose Activity Versus Single-Purpose Activity In An Institutionalized Geriatric Population, Rita M. Yoder
Dual-Purpose Activity Versus Single-Purpose Activity In An Institutionalized Geriatric Population, Rita M. Yoder
Masters Theses
The use of purposeful, goal-directed activity has traditionally been a central theme for occupational therapy. In dual-purpose activity the participant has two goals: successful task completion and the making of adaptive responses in the activity process. This study compares the extent to which a dual-purpose activity (stirring for the purpose of exercise and baking cookies) enhances performance in contrast to a single-purpose activity (stirring for the purpose of exercise alone) in an institutionalized geriatric population.
Thirty women between 70 and 92 years of age were randomly assigned to either the single- or dual-purpose activity. Duration, exertion, and discontinuities were measured …
Internal External Locus Of Control And The Choice Of Therapy, Marlene Eid
Internal External Locus Of Control And The Choice Of Therapy, Marlene Eid
Dissertations and Theses
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between the scores subjects obtain on Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale and the type of therapy they prefer. Two hundred and fifty-four students in general psychology classes were given Rotter's Scale. Considering their upper- and lower-third scores, 54 were classified as " Internals," 53 as "Externals." Subjects also were given written descriptions of both psychoanalytic and behavioristic therapies. Each of these descriptions dealt with the goal and the specific therapeutic procedure of the respective therapies. Subjects were asked to identify which therapy they preferred and to provide …
The Effects Of Expectancy, Task Importance And Self-Attention On Task Persistence, Jim Jewett
The Effects Of Expectancy, Task Importance And Self-Attention On Task Persistence, Jim Jewett
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
This study was designed to examine the relative power of control theory (Carver, 1979) and self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1977) in predicting behavioral persistence. This study employed a 2 X 2 X 2 X 2 factorial design. One hundred and twelve undergraduate females were exposed to high and low levels of self-attention and task importance as well as positive and negative self-efficacy and outcome expectancies. Following failure on an anagram task subjects’ persistence in solving in insoluble design puzzle was assessed. Contrary to the hypotheses, the results suggested that self-efficacy expectancies, outcome expectancies, task importance and self-attention do not influence persistence …
Reduction Of Stuttering In Adult Males Using Relaxed Breathing And Emg Biofeedback : A Masters Thesis ..., Victor F. Corsiglia
Reduction Of Stuttering In Adult Males Using Relaxed Breathing And Emg Biofeedback : A Masters Thesis ..., Victor F. Corsiglia
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
The present study trained three adult male stutterers to increase speech fluency using relaxed breathing and a-x; biofeedback. A one group time-series design with 2 treatments was used. After an initial baseline phase (A) all 3 subjects received a relaxed breathing procedure (B), followed by a combined procedure featuring relaxed breathing and EMG biofeedback (BC). Results indicated that after 8 sessions stuttering was reduced by 19.1% from baseline levels across the 3 subjects. Despite these promising results , however, methodological questions in the baseline phase make conclusions regarding a clear relationship between the variables tentative.