Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Redesigning Price Setting Under The Universal Health Insurance In Egypt / إعادة تصميم التسعير في ظل التأمين الصحي الشامل في مصر, Ahmed El Agamy, Hebatalla Ahmed Ismail, Hend Hassan, Reem Gouda, Samah El Sayed

Papers, Posters, and Presentations

Since the Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the United Nations Development Programme, Universal Health coverage became the main target for many nations. One of the main challenges facing the governments to achieve universal health coverage is maintaining adequate policies to set fair pricing for the healthcare services. Each country has different strategies to apply fair pricing and this paper is discussing the current pricing methods in Egypt and suggesting three policies to tackle its challenges.

The Impact Of Cleft Lip/Palate And Clp Surgical Intervention On The Social Integration Of Adolescents In India, Mustafa Zahid

Master's Theses

Cleft Lip/Palate, a congenital orofacial anomaly, carries an incidence rate of approximately 1 in every 1000 births. In addition to the stigma associated with the condition, the varying levels of cleft severity might result in lower life outcomes which could include lower cognitive ability, physical and psychological well-being, social and behavioral outcomes of adolescents. This paper focuses on the social integration element of life outcomes, which is composed of the social inclusion and prosocial behavior of the adolescent. Despite the affordability of restorative surgeries, patients in rural areas of Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) such as India face accessibility and …

Essays On Two Implications Of The Affordable Care Act (Aca), Esmaeil Salem

Theses and Dissertations

ESSAYS ON TWO IMPLICATIONS

OF THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT (ACA)

by

Esmaeil Salem

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2016

Under the Supervision of Professor Scott J. Adams

The main objective of my dissertation is to investigate some of the causal effects of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on U.S. healthcare system. After an overview about some of the new provisions enacted by the ACA and their components and timelines, effects of the ACA on immunization coverage for children under age of three and its impact on retention of the insureds receiving newly established rebates would be assessed.

Chapter 2 evaluates changes …

The Effect Of Education On Health: Cross-Country Evidence, Raquel Fonseca, Yuhui Zheng

Yuhui Zheng

This paper sheds light on the causal relationship between education and health outcomes. It combines three surveys (SHARE, HRS and ELSA) that include nationally representative samples of people aged 50 and over from thirteen OECD countries. It uses variation in the timing of educational reforms across these countries as an instrument for education. Using IV-Probit models, it finds causal evidence that more years of education lead to a lower probability of reporting poor health and lower prevalence for diabetes and hypertension. These effects are larger than those from the Probit, that do not control for the endogeneity of education. The …

Food Prices And The Dynamics Of Body Weight, Dana P. Goldman, Darius N. Lakdawalla, Yuhui Zheng

Yuhui Zheng

No abstract provided.

A Public Choice Framework For Controlling Transmissable And Evolving Diseases, Benjamin Althouse, Ted Bergstrom, Carl Bergstrom

Ted C Bergstrom

No abstract provided.

Stem Cell Matching For Patients Of Mixed Race, Ted C. Bergstrom

Ted C Bergstrom

Patients with leukemia and other blood diseases stand a good chance of recovery and a return to normal life if they receive a stem cell transplant from a living donor. In the absence of a transplant, their survival prospects are grim. For a transplant to be successful, the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) of the donor and recipient must be a close genetic match. To facilitate non-sibling matches, the developed nations of the world have set up national volunteer registries. The larges such registry is the NMDP (National Marrow Donor Program). We estimate the distribution of HLA types for individuals of …

One Chance In A Million: Altruism And The Bone Marrow Registry, Ted Bergstrom, Rod Garratt, Damien Sheehan-Connor

Ted C Bergstrom

Transplants of donated stem cells save the lives of many patients with blood diseases. Donation is somewhat painful, butrarely has lasting adverse effects. Patients can accept transplants only from donors with compatible immune systems. Those lacking a sibling match must seek donations from the population at large. The probability that two persons of the same race are compatible is less than 1/10,000. Health authorities maintain a registry of several million genetically-tested potential donors who have agreed to donate if asked. We study the peculiar structure of voluntary public good provision represented by the registry, and compare the marginal benefits and …

The Benefits Of Risk Factor Prevention In Americans Aged 51 Years And Older, Dana P. Goldman, Yuhui Zheng, Federico Girosi, Pierre-Carl Michaud, S. Jay Olshansky, David Cutler, John W. Rowe

Yuhui Zheng

Objectives. We assessed the potential health and economic benefits of reducing common risk factors in older Americans.

Methods. A dynamic simulation model tracked a national cohort of persons 51 and 52 years of age to project their health and medical spending in prevention scenarios for diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and smoking.

Results. The gain in life span from successful treatment of a person aged 51 or 52 years for obesity would be 0.85 years; for hypertension, 2.05 years; and for diabetes, 3.17 years. A 51- or 52-year-old person who quit smoking would gain 3.44 years. Despite living longer, those successfully treated …

Understanding The Economic Consequences Of Shifting Trends In Population Health, Pierre-Carl Michaud, Dana P. Goldman, Darius N. Lakdawalla, Yuhui Zheng, Adam Gailey

Yuhui Zheng

No abstract provided.

International Differences In Longevity And Health And Their Economic Consequences, Pierre-Carl Michaud, Dana P. Goldman, Darius N. Lakdawalla, Adam Gailey, Yuhui Zheng

Yuhui Zheng

No abstract provided.

Diabetes Treatments And Moral Hazard, Jonathan Klick, Thomas Stratmann

All Faculty Scholarship

In the face of rising rates of diabetes, many states have passed laws requiring health insurance plans to cover medical treatments for the disease. Although supporters of the mandates expect them to improve the health of diabetics, the mandates have the potential to generate a moral hazard to the extent that medical treatments might displace individual behavioral improvements. Another possibility is that the mandates do little to improve insurance coverage for most individuals, as previous research on benefit mandates has suggested that mandates often duplicate what plans already cover. To examine the effects of these mandates, we employ a triple-differences …

Risky Sexual Behavior, Testing And Hiv Treatments, Stéphane Mechoulan

Stéphane Mechoulan

This paper studies the impact of antiretroviral therapies (ARVs) on HIV testing and risky sexual behavior. I use data collected in San Francisco among a high-risk population from 1994 to 2002. The evidence supports the hypothesis of a causal link between the introduction of ARVs in late 1996 and the sharp increase in risky sexual behavior that ensued. Further, following ARVs, testers take more risks while non-testers take fewer risks. The proportion of testers remains stable, which was ambiguous a priori. To the extent that ARVs may induce changes in the composition of the testing and non-testing groups, such effects …

Economic Rationality And Health And Lifestyle Choices For People With Diabetes., Rachel M. Baker

Professor Rachel Baker

Economic rationality is traditionally represented by goal-oriented, maximising behaviour, or 'instrumental rationality'. Such a consequentialist, instrumental model of choice is often implicit in a biomedical approach to health promotion and education. The research reported here assesses the relevance of a broader conceptual framework of rationality (which includes 'procedural' and 'expressive' rationality as complements to an instrumental model of rationality) in a health context (type 2 diabetes).

Q methodology was used to derive 'factors' underlying health and lifestyle choices, based on factor analysis of the results of a card sorting procedure undertaken by 27 respondents with type 2 diabetes. These factors …

Q Methodology In Health Economics, Rachel M. Baker, Carl Thompson, Russel Mannion

Professor Rachel Baker

The recognition that health economists need to understand the meaning of data if they are to adequately understand research findings which challenge conventional economic theory has led to the growth of qualitative modes of enquiry in health economics. The use of qualitative methods of exploration and description alongside mainstream quantitative techniques gives rise to a number of epistemological, ontological and methodological challenges: difficulties in accounting for subjectivity in choices, the need for rigour and transparency in method, and problems of disciplinary acceptability to health economists. This paper introduces Q methodology as a means of overcoming some of these challenges. The …

Subsidizing Addiction: Do State Health Insurance Mandates Increase Alcohol Consumption?, Jonathan Klick, Thomas Stratmann

All Faculty Scholarship

A model of addiction in which individuals are forward looking implies that as the availability of addiction treatment options grows, individuals will consume more of an addictive good. We test this implication using cross-state variation in the adoption of mental health parity mandates that include substance abuse treatments. We examine the effects of these mandates on the consumption of alcohol and find that parity legislation leads to an increase in alcohol consumption. To account for the possible endogeneity of the adoption of mental health parity mandates, we perform an instrumental variables analysis and find that the ordinary least squares estimation …