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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Treatment Outcomes And Associated Factors In Tb/Hiv-Coinfected Patients In Namibia, Esland Shilongo
Treatment Outcomes And Associated Factors In Tb/Hiv-Coinfected Patients In Namibia, Esland Shilongo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractHIV and TB have merged into a deadly co-epidemic in Namibia. Currently, though, TB and HIV data at the national, regional, and district level might be underreported and insufficient to understand the full burden and outcome rates of TB and HIV. Targeting the TB outcomes rate among TB/HIV-coinfected individuals is an effective strategy for decreasing future TB burden and furthering the gains in the control of both diseases. The objective of this study was: to assess the outcomes of patients registered for anti-TB treatment in //Karas Region which has the largests burden of TB in Namibia. A 5-year retrospective cohort …
Perspectives Of Girls, Families, And Healthcare Workers On Accessing Services For Adolescents With Perinatal Hiv In Nigeria, Joseph Fabian Inyang
Perspectives Of Girls, Families, And Healthcare Workers On Accessing Services For Adolescents With Perinatal Hiv In Nigeria, Joseph Fabian Inyang
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Adolescents living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) include those who were infected from their mother perinatally (PHIV) and those who were infected through sexual behaviors or drug use. Nigeria contributes the largest burden of children born with HIV globally, due to poor implementation of its prevention of mother-to-child transmission program. With advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), more children and adolescents with HIV survive into adulthood. However, there are challenges to ART including access, uptake, adherence, and risks of long-term exposure. Using the social ecological model and a phenomenological approach, this qualitative study was designed to understand the experiences of adolescent …
Hiv Positive African American Women’S Lived Experiences And Clinical Outcomes, Christie Olejemeh
Hiv Positive African American Women’S Lived Experiences And Clinical Outcomes, Christie Olejemeh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African American (AA) women are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. The infection rate for AA women continues to increase, and literature lacks information specifically on education for AA women regarding viral suppression at diagnosis. The purpose of the study was to understand the lived experiences of AA women living with HIV in the District of Columbia, particularly how they acquired knowledge of viral suppression. To understand their experiences with antiretroviral medications, viral suppression, discrimination, and stigma, this qualitative study applied a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The theories of resilience and empowerment were applied. Ten HIV positive AA women living in the District …
Hiv Testing And Black Men Who Have Sex With Men, Stephaun Elite Wallace
Hiv Testing And Black Men Who Have Sex With Men, Stephaun Elite Wallace
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
HIV incidence among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) is extremely high in contrast to their estimated population size and compared to other racial groups. Researchers have established that a significant proportion of these new cases annually originate from HIV transmission by BMSM who are unaware of their HIV status. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between age, sexual behavior, social support, substance use, internalized homophobia, depression, and HIV test history in BMSM. Guided by the social ecological model (SEM) as the conceptual framework, a quantitative cross-sectional study was designed to analyze secondary data …
Self-Disclosure Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status In Personal Relationships: Perceptions Of South Africans Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Delile Gertrude Langeni
Self-Disclosure Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status In Personal Relationships: Perceptions Of South Africans Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Delile Gertrude Langeni
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite enormous research on the experience of living with HIV, many questions remain regarding self-disclosure of HIV status to sexual partners by people living with HIV (PLWHIV), which is essential to reducing further infection. In this study, a phenomenological approach captured the experience of self-disclosure among South Africans living with HIV in Louwsburg, South Africa. The health belief model served as a theoretical framework, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 PLWHIV (8 women, 4 men) who self-disclosed their HIV status to their sexual partners. Their experiences were explored, discovering their illness, motives for self-disclosure, feelings regarding disclosing, responses of …
The Influence Of Culture On Hiv Disclosure Among Gay Asian Males, David C. Doan
The Influence Of Culture On Hiv Disclosure Among Gay Asian Males, David C. Doan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
HIV-positive, Asian Pacific Islander (API) men who have sex with men (MSM) experience triple minority stigma including HIV, sexual orientation, and minority ethnicity. To date, there is no research that examines the influence of cultural factors, level of acculturation, social determinants of health, and other confounding variables (e.g., age, education, level of income, and length of time since diagnosis) on HIV-positive disclosure behaviors, attitudes, and intentions to casual sexual partners for API MSM. The theoretical framework for this study was based on Hofstede's original cultural values and Triandis's cultural dimensions. In this 2-phase, mixed methods, sequential explanatory study, 24 API …
The Impact Of Palliative Care On Health Status In Hiv-Positive Children, Aabid Abdulmajid Ahmed
The Impact Of Palliative Care On Health Status In Hiv-Positive Children, Aabid Abdulmajid Ahmed
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
HIV-positive children in sub-Saharan Africa have numerous challenges to overcome. These challenges increase psychosocial stress as well as symptom burden including fatigue, weight loss, pain, and mental changes. The symptoms may persist even after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, so such children need additional care. Palliative care lays emphasis on holistic patient-centered care, including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual symptoms, alongside antiretroviral therapy. There is limited data on the impact of integrating palliative care with standard HIV care and treatment in children. The purpose of this study was to fill the gap in the literature by investigating the impact of palliative …
Completion Of Preventive Health Care Actions By Older Women With Hiv/Aids, Patricia Kay Correll
Completion Of Preventive Health Care Actions By Older Women With Hiv/Aids, Patricia Kay Correll
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in longer lifespans for HIV seropositive women in the United States, during which preventive health care is recommended. Failing to complete recommended cancer screening tests can result in cancer being diagnosed at a later stage with a poorer prognosis. The purpose of the study, based on the ecosocial theory, was to describe the sociodemographic and clinical variables of HIV seropositive women who failed to complete recommended screening tests for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers, and determine if the presence of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, depression, or tobacco use impacted the …
African American Eighth Grade Students' Attitudes Toward Hiv/Aids In The District Of Columbia, Enock Kolawole Adewuyi
African American Eighth Grade Students' Attitudes Toward Hiv/Aids In The District Of Columbia, Enock Kolawole Adewuyi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The group most affected by HIV/AIDS, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is African Americans. The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge of HIV/AIDS held by African American children as a first step towards developing prevention strategies for these youths. In order to bridge the knowledge-behavior gap, this study sought to investigate the attitude towards HIV/AIDS of African American 8th grade students. The study involved secondary data from the 2012 District of Columbia (DC) Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey, obtained from the District of Columbia Office of Superintendent of Education (OSSE). Guided …
Perspectives On Hiv/Aids: American-Based Nigerian Women Who Experienced Polygamy In Rural Nigeria, Christianah Oluseyi Olorunfemi
Perspectives On Hiv/Aids: American-Based Nigerian Women Who Experienced Polygamy In Rural Nigeria, Christianah Oluseyi Olorunfemi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Traditionally, in Nigeria women play a subservient role in relation to men. While a man can practice polygamy by marrying many wives, women cannot marry more than one husband at a time. Although researchers have documented the effects of polygamy on the spread of HIV/AIDS, little is known about the experiences of polygamy by Nigerian women who stopped practicing polygamy by immigrating to the United States without their husbands. It is important to know the experiences of these women as they pertain specifically to the spread of HIV/AIDS so as to develop a preventive intervention for HIV/AIDS among Nigerian women …
Evaluation Of A Mobile Health Intervention To Improve Anti-Retroviral Treatment Retention In South Africa, Ambereen Jaffer
Evaluation Of A Mobile Health Intervention To Improve Anti-Retroviral Treatment Retention In South Africa, Ambereen Jaffer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
South Africa has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates globally, with nearly 2.5 million people accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) at the end of 2013. Retaining patients on ART has become a major problem in this country. When patients no longer show up for ART for unknown reasons, they are considered lost to follow-up (LTF). LTF is the highest contributor to ART attrition. This study, guided by the health belief model, evaluated the effectiveness of a technology-based, mobile health (mHealth) appointment reminder intervention on LTF among patients accessing ART services. The study ascertained differences in 6- and 12-month LTF rates …
Health Literacy And Health Decision Making Attitudes In People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Christine Miranda
Health Literacy And Health Decision Making Attitudes In People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Christine Miranda
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Health literacy has been recognized as a vital issue in the self-care management of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of functional, communicative, and critical health literacy dimensions on positive and negative attitudes toward health decision making. The transtheoretical model of health behavior change (TTM) provided the theoretical framework to explain this association. A culturally-adapted survey was used in this cross-sectional study to measure health literacy dimensions, positive and negatives attitudes toward health decision making, and other factors in 100 Puerto Ricans living with HIV/AIDS. Demographic factors and clinical and immunological …
Effect Of Social Support And Hiv-Related Stigma On Depression In Hiv/Aids Patients, Chinedu Anthony Umeadi
Effect Of Social Support And Hiv-Related Stigma On Depression In Hiv/Aids Patients, Chinedu Anthony Umeadi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
HIV has remained a public health problem in Nigeria. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the effect of social support and HIV-related stigma on depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and to examine the moderating effect of sociodemographic factors, Quality of Life (QOL), and time since HIV diagnosis on this relationship. This study was based on the social cognitive theory. Data were collected from 98 PLWHA attending the antiretroviral clinic of Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Nigeria. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between the variables. Some 24.5% of the study participants were depressed. Significant …
Contextual Factors And Direct Exposure To Hiv: Influences On Youth Sexual Intention, Hadiza Ladidi Osuji
Contextual Factors And Direct Exposure To Hiv: Influences On Youth Sexual Intention, Hadiza Ladidi Osuji
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Youth are having sexual intercourse at an early age and as such, are engaging in risky behaviors that are associated with adverse health outcomes, including HIV infection. Little research has been undertaken to examine the influence of contextual factors on youth intentions to delay sexual involvement. To address that gap, this study aimed to examine the influence of age, gender, race, immigration status, HIV knowledge, HIV-related stigma, concern about HIV, direct exposure to HIV/AIDS, peer pressure, and religious influence on youth intentions to delay sexual involvement. Delayed sexual involvement was conceptualized as youth attitudes towards abstaining from sex, their knowledge …
Hiv Stigma Within Religious Communities In Rural India, Krutarth J. Vyas
Hiv Stigma Within Religious Communities In Rural India, Krutarth J. Vyas
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This study was conducted to gain a better understanding of HIV/AIDS-related stigma within religious communities in rural Gujarat, India. This study used the hidden distress model of HIV stigma and the HIV peer education model as conceptual frameworks to examine a rural population sample of 100 participants. Regression analysis was conducted to test if school education had a moderating effect on the relationship between illness as punishment for sin (IPS) and HIV stigma. Religiosity was tested for mediating effects on the relationship between early religious involvement (ERI) and HIV stigma. The results of this study indicated that single unemployed men …
Mining And Hiv/Aids Transmission Among Marampa Mining Communities In Lunsar, Sierra Leone, Alphajoh Cham
Mining And Hiv/Aids Transmission Among Marampa Mining Communities In Lunsar, Sierra Leone, Alphajoh Cham
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Since the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) was first reported in Sierra Leone in 1987, its prevalence rate has stabilized at 1.5% in the nation's general population. However, concerns exist regarding the potential increase in high-risk populations, particularly among mineworkers and commercial sex workers. The potential spread of HIV/AIDS as a result of labor migration may threaten the mining sector, which has been identified as a critical driver of recent economic growth and development. A gap remains in the literature regarding the contextual factors in mining communities that lead to high rates of HIV/AIDS. Therefore, the purpose of …