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Articles 1 - 30 of 141
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Experiences Of African American Women Living With Herpes Simplex Virus 2, Cherlisa Jackson, Yitza A. Arcelay-Rojas
Experiences Of African American Women Living With Herpes Simplex Virus 2, Cherlisa Jackson, Yitza A. Arcelay-Rojas
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
In the United States, the prevalence of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) continues to be the highest among African American women. Yet the perceived benefit of discussing sexual health, as well as recognizing a need to discuss HSV-2 with a health-care provider, is a gap in research. The purpose of this interpretive qualitative study was to understand the experiences of African American women who received an asymptomatic HSV-2 diagnosis. Semistructured interviews of seven participants were used to explore the experiences of African American women diagnosed with HSV-2, including barriers and challenges of discussing HSV-2 with health-care providers. Participants highlighted that …
Advancing Behavioral Health Literacy, James Scollione
Advancing Behavioral Health Literacy, James Scollione
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Accessing, comprehending, and using information to make informed decisions and improve one’s overall health or well-being are the foci of health literacy. The concept of behavioral health was introduced in the early 1980s and, since then, it has influenced new ideas (e.g., behavioral health literacy and integrated behavioral health care) and gained research and public attention. My aim is to provide an overview of definitions (i.e., health literacy, mental health literacy, and behavioral health literacy) and their connection to each other. I propose an expanded and honed definition of behavioral health literacy to enhance the behavioral health literacy and well-being …
Developing Innovative Practices Through Third-Space Partnerships: Reflections On Project Dare (Dementia Knowledge, Art, Research And Education), Corinne A. Green, Michelle J. Eady Dr, Pippa Burns, Jessica Baker, Jennine Primmer, Penelope Harris, Carinya Barkley, Victoria Traynor
Developing Innovative Practices Through Third-Space Partnerships: Reflections On Project Dare (Dementia Knowledge, Art, Research And Education), Corinne A. Green, Michelle J. Eady Dr, Pippa Burns, Jessica Baker, Jennine Primmer, Penelope Harris, Carinya Barkley, Victoria Traynor
Journal of Educational Research and Practice
Partnerships between schools, universities, and community organizations have mutual benefits for all involved. These partnerships value the contributions of all participants and capitalize on the expertise and knowledge that each brings. This reflective paper details a collaborative third-space partnership between a university, a primary school, and a community organization. The partnership facilitated the design, development, and implementation of a unique program called Project DARE (Dementia knowledge, Art, Research, and Education). A research-based evaluation of the Project DARE feasibility study can be found elsewhere (Burns et al., 2020). The aim of this paper is to reflect upon the formation of the …
Drinking Behavior Among College Students: Interventions To Increase Mindfulness And Social Capital, Jenna C. Anderson, Antonio J. Gardner, Barry Hunt
Drinking Behavior Among College Students: Interventions To Increase Mindfulness And Social Capital, Jenna C. Anderson, Antonio J. Gardner, Barry Hunt
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
The impacts of drinking behaviors are far-reaching, with college student drinking contributing to over 1,500 deaths and an estimated 696,000 assaults on college campuses each year (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [NIAAA], 2019). There are a variety of explanations to explain why college students engage in risky drinking behaviors. However, there is evidence to suggest that drinking and other substance use may be a result of complex psychological origins, including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). This paper reviews the literature available on ACEs among college students, how these experiences impact alcohol use among this population, and potential areas for …
Food Insecurity Experiences Of Idaho Head Start Families, Sherry Deiter, Yitza A. Arcelay-Rojas
Food Insecurity Experiences Of Idaho Head Start Families, Sherry Deiter, Yitza A. Arcelay-Rojas
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Using the social-ecological model, this basic interpretive qualitative study sought to examine the phenomenon of food insecurity among Idaho Head Start enrolled families, focusing on barriers and deterrents to accessing available nutrition assistance programs. A total of 11 interviews were conducted with parents who had children enrolled in five Idaho Head Start programs. The data were coded and analyzed and are reflective of how individual, interpersonal, community, and organizational levels factors are reflected in participants’ decisions to access available nutrition assistance programs. Participants reported feelings of stigma and shame and transportation concerns as individual barriers as well as the interpersonal …
Relationship Between Treatment Comorbidities And Viral Suppression Of Hiv Infections In Johannesburg, Nwogo Ekeji, Nwogo Immaculata Ekeji
Relationship Between Treatment Comorbidities And Viral Suppression Of Hiv Infections In Johannesburg, Nwogo Ekeji, Nwogo Immaculata Ekeji
School of Health Sciences Publications
HIV has globally infected 37.9 million people, of which 23.3 million (62%) are on antiretroviral treatment (ART). In South Africa, low rate of viral suppression among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) is a major health problem that has continued to fuel HIV persistence. A cross-sectional quantitative research design was used to investigate the relationship between treatment of comorbidities and viral suppression among HIV-infected adults aged 18 – 49 who were diabetic, had cancer, or tuberculosis (TB) in Johannesburg. The HIV care continuum formed the framework for this research. A secondary dataset from the national level survey 2017 was used for …
Meaningful Use Criteria And Staff Accountability In An Office Setting, Marcia Ionie Pender
Meaningful Use Criteria And Staff Accountability In An Office Setting, Marcia Ionie Pender
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Proper documentation for meaningful use (MU) criteria within electronic health records (EHRs) was identified as an issue for office staff at a local primary care office in a metropolitan area of Central Florida. The project question addressed the local gap in knowledge about MU standards necessary to ensure correct documentation of EHRs. The purpose of this doctoral project was to provide an educational program for staff to ensure compliance with the HITECH Act of 2009. Lewin’s Change Theory and Knowles Theory of Adult learning were the conceptual foundations for the educational program. The project question was to determine whether a …
Relationship Between Treatment Comorbidities And Viral Suppression Of Hiv Infections In Johannesburg, Nwogo Ekeji, Nwogo Immaculata Ekeji
Relationship Between Treatment Comorbidities And Viral Suppression Of Hiv Infections In Johannesburg, Nwogo Ekeji, Nwogo Immaculata Ekeji
Walden Faculty and Staff Publications
HIV has globally infected 37.9 million people, of which 23.3 million (62%) are on antiretroviral treatment (ART). In South Africa, low rate of viral suppression among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) is a major health problem that has continued to fuel HIV persistence. A cross-sectional quantitative research design was used to investigate the relationship between treatment of comorbidities and viral suppression among HIV-infected adults aged 18 – 49 who were diabetic, had cancer, or tuberculosis (TB) in Johannesburg. The HIV care continuum formed the framework for this research. A secondary dataset from the national level survey 2017 was used for …
The Importance Of Staff Education About Implementing Ketogenic Diet In Prediabetic Patients, Clarissa L. Dorsey
The Importance Of Staff Education About Implementing Ketogenic Diet In Prediabetic Patients, Clarissa L. Dorsey
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes, a chronic disease that can lead to many complications, is one of the leading causes of death. Obesity tends to increase the risk of diabetes. Nutritional therapy can not only control diabetes but also prevent it in some cases by decreasing weight. The ketogenic diet is a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that can prevent and control diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine the recommendations of medical providers before and after the presentation of educational content on the ketogenic diet as nutritional therapy in prediabetic and diabetic patients. The practice-focused question addressed whether educating medical staff at a …
Psychosocial Support During Pregnancy: A Narrative Inquiry Of Low-Income Unmarried Women In Iowa, Summer D. Parrott
Psychosocial Support During Pregnancy: A Narrative Inquiry Of Low-Income Unmarried Women In Iowa, Summer D. Parrott
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Pregnant women who experience high levels of stress and who lack support are at higher risk for negative birth outcomes for themselves and their offspring including preterm labor, low birthweights, and a myriad of other short- and long-term health and behavioral consequences across the lifespan of the child. Unmarried or socioeconomically disadvantaged women lack the most common resources used to protect against the negative effects of stress during pregnancy. A research gap existed regarding the specific types of psychosocial support perceived by low-income unmarried women to be most beneficial at buffering their perceived prenatal stress. The ecological model and the …
Language Acculturation Effect On Diabetes Prevalence And Self-Care Skills In Puerto Ricans, Gerardo Lazaro
Language Acculturation Effect On Diabetes Prevalence And Self-Care Skills In Puerto Ricans, Gerardo Lazaro
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes, a silent, chronic disease that involves demanding long-term self-care skills, affects adult Puerto Ricans disproportionately. Based on the health belief model, a theory that predicts health behavior, and the theory of language barriers, which predicts the effects of language on beliefs and behavior, this quantitative nonexperimental study analyzed the relationship of the preference of Puerto Ricans in Boston to use and speak Spanish (language acculturation) to diabetes prevalence and 4 diabetes self-care skills (healthy eating, being active, taking medication, and healthy coping). Data on 1,506 initial participants in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study were used from 3 study …
The Effect Of Race, Provider-Location Type, And Region On Adolescent Hpv Vaccination, Erica Sade Hunter
The Effect Of Race, Provider-Location Type, And Region On Adolescent Hpv Vaccination, Erica Sade Hunter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Studies have been conducted on various factors and their effect on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake amongst adolescents. However, these studies typically point to communication factors and provider recommendations as having a significant effect on HPV vaccination uptake, ultimately leading to the need for more information on other factors that may increase HPV vaccination amongst adolescents. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to determine if race, provider-location type, and region of the United States have a statistically significant effect on HPV uptake amongst adolescents. The 2018 National Immunization Survey (NIS) was used, and 34,980 participants were included in …
Change Fatigue, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment Among Nurses, Melissa Kapping
Change Fatigue, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment Among Nurses, Melissa Kapping
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The healthcare environment is complex and ever-changing, which has a direct impact on the nurse. The effects of the constant change to the nurse may result in the development of change fatigue, which causes the loss of trust in the organization, a feeling of resentment, and a sense of apprehension while depleting the individual’s reserves. The purpose of this correlational study guided by Lazarus and Folkman’s stress and coping theory was to determine if there is a relationship between (a) job satisfaction and change fatigue and (b) organizational commitment and change fatigue in nurses who work in an outpatient clinical …
An Examination Of The Absence Of A Comprehensive Smokefree Law In Georgia On College And University Campuses, Nakki Price
An Examination Of The Absence Of A Comprehensive Smokefree Law In Georgia On College And University Campuses, Nakki Price
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractCigarette smoking is the number one preventable cause of death and disability in the United States. Although there are policies that govern the use of tobacco products, there are jurisdictions that do not employ these policies. Comprehensive smokefree laws govern private-sector entities and prohibit smoking in public places, specifically restaurants, bars, and workplaces. While states have the authority to implement these laws, some include exceptions that limit the intention of the law. Colleges and universities are specific communities for learning and serve as housing for students and an employer for the greater community. There is a gap in the literature …
Mental Health Literacy Among Rural And Urban Young Adults In Zambia, Etta Y. Mwambwa-Johnson
Mental Health Literacy Among Rural And Urban Young Adults In Zambia, Etta Y. Mwambwa-Johnson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Misconceptions that negatively influence attitudes and beliefs about mental illness are still prevalent in Zambia. Researchers have reported that young adults are the most impacted population for mental disorders in Zambia. Researchers have also highlighted mental health literacy (MHL) as a useful strategy for influencing positive attitudes and beliefs about mental disorders. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between levels of MHL and attitudes and beliefs about mental illness and health-seeking behaviors of Zambian young adults aged 18 to 24. The study used the health belief theoretical model. A MHL questionnaire was used to …
Why African American Men Diagnosed With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Continue To Smoke, Vashonda Laniece Allen
Why African American Men Diagnosed With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Continue To Smoke, Vashonda Laniece Allen
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe purpose of this research was to explore why some African American men diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continue smoking following their diagnosis. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) guided the development of this research. The research questions were developed to understand the attitudes, behavioral intentions, subjective norms, social norms, perceived power, and perceived behavioral control that influence their continuing or quitting smoking based on the TPB model. The study’s research method was qualitative. A pilot study, using the same criteria as the main study, confirmed the reliability of the interview guide. Participants were informed about the study …
Risk Factors Associated With Childhood Vaccination Coverage In Afghanistan, Iqbal Mawani
Risk Factors Associated With Childhood Vaccination Coverage In Afghanistan, Iqbal Mawani
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Globally, vaccination is among the most successful and cost-effective public health practices in the prevention of infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the child, parental, and geographical risk factors that influence childhood vaccination coverage in Afghanistan. The health belief model and socio-ecological model was used in this study as the theoretical framework to examine the effects of these risk factors on vaccination coverage among children in Afghanistan. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate tests were conducted within the secondary data analysis of the 2015 Afghanistan national Demographic and Health Survey dataset. Of the 32,420 children aged 0 to …
A Phenomenological Exploration Of How Nursing Experience Shapes The Transitional Performance Of Primary Care Nurse Practitioners, Helen Okeke
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractPoor access to healthcare and a shortage of primary care providers in underserved communities paved the way for reliance on advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). This increased reliance on APRNs as primary care providers necessitates expanded public policy on APRN practice; however, information on APRN transitional experiences remains inadequate to inform policymakers effectively. Illinois’ Nurse Practice Act requires APRNs to incorporate the scope of practice of registered nurses into their practice but does not describe what that experience should be. Using Kanter’s theory of organizational structural empowerment and Benner’s novice to expert nursing model as theoretical lenses to ground the …
Determinants Of Substance Abuse Among Users With Mental Health Issues In Ogun State, Nigeria, Michael Olusegun Adejimi
Determinants Of Substance Abuse Among Users With Mental Health Issues In Ogun State, Nigeria, Michael Olusegun Adejimi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In Nigeria, about 14.3 million people use drugs without physician prescription and approximately 30% of Nigerians suffer from mental illness, some of which is due to substance abuse. This study examined the associations between (a) socio-demographic factors and substance abuse among users with mental health issues in Ogun State Nigeria, (b) clinical variables and substance abuse among users with mental health issues, (c) negative life events and substance abuse among users with mental health issues, and (d) social supports and substance abuse among users with mental health issues. This study theoretical framework was based on the definition of mental health …
Healthcare Access For Elderly African American Type 2 Diabetics On Medicare, William Alexander Floyd
Healthcare Access For Elderly African American Type 2 Diabetics On Medicare, William Alexander Floyd
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractPrior research has shown that African Americans have less access to healthcare than do White Americans. The study’s purpose was to determine the association between race/ethnicity and quality care measures in a population of Medicare recipients with Type 2 diabetes, aged 65 75 years and over. Covariates predicted satisfaction with doctor care, compassionate doctor care, and indifferent doctor care using Andersen’s health behavior theory. The Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) sample consisted of 1,716 people with Type 2 diabetes, with most (76.6%) being non-Hispanic Whites, and the remainder non-Hispanic Blacks (10.8%) and Hispanics (12.6%). Race/ethnicity were associated with quality-of-care measures …
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions And Mortality In Veterans Administration Hospitals, Carolyne S. Davis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions And Mortality In Veterans Administration Hospitals, Carolyne S. Davis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractRates for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have continued to increase, resulting in readmission tracking by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid for community hospitals and Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospitals. By using the Andersen healthcare utilization model as the theoretical framework, the purpose of this quantitative correlational research was to examine differences in 4,879 COPD readmission and mortality rates in VHA hospitals for the four Veteran Administration (VA) regional districts—Northeast, Southeast, Continental, and Pacific—as well as and between rural and urban VA hospitals. Secondary data was acquired from an open website through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. …
Psychosocial Factors And Physical Health In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Olulana Bamiro
Psychosocial Factors And Physical Health In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Olulana Bamiro
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The research problem identified was poor physical health in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The problem is important because poor physical health yields unsuccessful aging. The current research aimed to identify psychosocial factors that improve self-evaluated physical health in the study population as a proxy to overall health; the research questions helped identify these factors. The first research question assessed the association between health locus of control and self-evaluated physical health. The second research question evaluated the association between family support and self-evaluated physical health. A final research question assessed the association between health locus of control, …
How Cyber Activity Influences Depression And Anxiety In Teenagers, Mary Fridah Gatwiri Muiruri
How Cyber Activity Influences Depression And Anxiety In Teenagers, Mary Fridah Gatwiri Muiruri
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Both depression and anxiety have been a focus of scholars since their rates have recently skyrocketed from 5.4 % in 2003 to 20 % currently among teenagers in the United States. Although numerous studies have assessed the association between playing video games and depression, few studies have examined how cyberbullying and screen time contribute to depressive symptoms in teenagers. The purpose of this study was to analyze cyberbullying and screen time on depression in teens. . The exploration of associations between the dependent variable, depression, and the independent variables, screen time, video gaming, and cyberbullying, were guided by Bandura’s social …
Nutrition Practices And Obesity Standards Among Obese, African American Women, Martina Peterson
Nutrition Practices And Obesity Standards Among Obese, African American Women, Martina Peterson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity in the United States has been labeled a national pandemic. Obesity occurs across all populations, regardless of age, sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education level, or geographical region; however, it has disproportionately affected African American women. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to gain an understanding of African American women’s behaviors that are preventing them from conforming to nutrition and obesity standards of the body mass index (BMI) guidelines. The targeted population for this study was 10 obese or morbidly obese African American women, ages 30 to 45. The data were collected using telephone interviews due to the …
Understanding Resilience Among Individuals With Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces), Meghan Larson
Understanding Resilience Among Individuals With Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces), Meghan Larson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse, neglect, and dysfunction in a child’s home are considered a public health crisis due to their correlation to health disparities and psychosocial problems in adulthood such as substance use, relationships, education, and maintaining employment. However, some individuals are resilient and demonstrate the ability to adapt and function well despite experiencing adverse events. To better understand resilience when ACEs are present, I conducted a basic qualitative research study to explore the lived experiences of individuals in Tennessee with elevated ACE and resilience scores. A purposeful sample of 12 participants who scored high on ratings …
Type 2 Diabetes And Pesticide Exposure Among U.S. Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers, Judith Faustin-Gabriel
Type 2 Diabetes And Pesticide Exposure Among U.S. Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers, Judith Faustin-Gabriel
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractHispanic migrant farmworkers provide indispensable services to the United States, yet they are low-paid, uninsured employees working in extremely hazardous conditions. Public health and other healthcare professionals have worked to address the impact of pesticide exposure in the Hispanic migrant population. Although pesticides have been associated with various chronic diseases, limited evidence and studies have established an association between pesticide exposure and Diabetes Type 2 (DT2) among Hispanic migrant farmworkers. Guided by fundamental causes theory, this study addressed whether there is a relationship between agricultural pesticide exposure and DT2 among Hispanic migrant farmworkers in the United States who participated in …
Racial Disparities In Hypertension Self-Awareness And Hospitalizations For Hypertension-Related Illnesses Among Adult Arkansans, Chimfumnanya Nwanze-Smith
Racial Disparities In Hypertension Self-Awareness And Hospitalizations For Hypertension-Related Illnesses Among Adult Arkansans, Chimfumnanya Nwanze-Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Black individuals in the United States are twice as likely as White individuals to die of cardiovascular diseases. Between 2010 and 2016 in Arkansas (AR), hypertension (HTN) and HTN-related diseases had an age-adjusted death rate of 230.4 deaths per 100,000 population compared to 173.6 deaths per 100,000 population for Whites. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to explore the potential association between HTN self-awareness and emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization rates for HTN and HTN-related illnesses between Black and White individuals in AR. The socioecological framework was used to explore sociodemographic (SDF) and socioeconomic (SES) factors as …
An Integrated Approach To Hand Hygiene, Tarsha Renee Stewart
An Integrated Approach To Hand Hygiene, Tarsha Renee Stewart
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractHealthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) threaten the quality and safety of the services provided. HCAIs are infections that occur while a patient is receiving treatment for another condition in any type of healthcare. The Centers for Disease Control estimates that approximately one in every 20 inpatients will become infected with an HCAI during their hospital stay. Proper hand hygiene is the most significant intervention in preventing HCAIs. Despite hand hygiene's effectiveness, evidence suggests that only 50% of healthcare workers are compliant with proper hand hygiene techniques. The purpose of this project is to increase nurse’s knowledge the via education. Kotter's eight-step change …
Socioeconomic Factors And Comorbid Conditions In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, William Paris
Socioeconomic Factors And Comorbid Conditions In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, William Paris
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts children and adults. Comorbid conditions such as anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, and low socioeconomic status negatively impact health care quality in children with ASD. Missing from the academic literature is the quantification of the relationship between parental education and employment and health insurance coverage on the prevalence of comorbid conditions in children with ASD. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative analysis was to examine and quantify the relationship between parental education and employment, health insurance coverage, and the reporting of comorbid conditions (anxiety, depression, behavioral issues) in a nationally representative …
Determinants Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption For Adults In The Panhandle Of Nebraska, Erin Marie Norman
Determinants Of Fruit And Vegetable Consumption For Adults In The Panhandle Of Nebraska, Erin Marie Norman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Low fruit and vegetable (F/V) consumption has been documented and is associated with increased risk of chronic disease. Previous studies have revealed that consuming the recommended servings of F/V per day can be influenced by many determinants including healthy eating self-efficacy, cooking confidence, perceived family support, perceived access, perceived quality, and perceived cost of fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this study was to examine these determinants of F/V consumption at the individual level of the socioecological model for adults ages 18 years and older residing in the panhandle of Nebraska. The socioecological model (SEM) provided the theoretical framework for …