Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Burden Of Diabetes Mellitus In The Medically Underserved Rio Grande Valley, John M. Gaddis, Elias Arellano, Kassandra Pulido, Tyler Torres, Dominic Chau-Zanetti, Natasha Quailes, Andres Suarez Parraga

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) encompasses metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood sugar. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated metrics of DM in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV), a low-income and medically underserved region in the United States, and compare these metrics to the national averages from 2012 to 2022.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) publicly accessible data. Metrics analyzed included DM prevalence, average principal cost, rates of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, screenings, and prevalence of obesity. Data from RGV counties were compared to national averages using …

Prevalence Of Non-Communicable Diseases Among Household Contacts Of People With Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review And Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Yohhei Hamada, Matteo Quartagno, Farihah Malik, Keolebogile Ntshamane, Anna Tisler, Sanjay Gaikwad, Carlos Acuna-Villaorduna, Perumal Kannabiran Bhavani, Bachti Alisjahbana, Blanca I. Restrepo

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Objective

To investigate the prevalence of non-communicable diseases among household contacts of people with tuberculosis.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. We searched Medline, Embase and the Global Index Medicus from inception to 16 May 2023. We included studies that assessed for at least one non-communicable disease among household contacts of people with clinical tuberculosis. We estimated the non-communicable disease prevalence through mixed effects logistic regression for studies providing individual participant data, and compared it with estimates from aggregated data meta-analyses. Furthermore, we compared age and sex-standardised non-communicable disease prevalence with national-level estimates standardised for …

Data Mining Analysis With Orange In The Development Of Tuberculosis Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Malahayati Rusli Bintang, Adang Bachtiar, Cicilya Candi

Kesmas

Prevention and treatment of diabetes will have a positive influence on tuberculosis (TB) since people may get TB because they have diabetes mellitus (DM). Recording and reporting through the TB Information System are not run optimally because of many factors. The information system must be strengthened to be used by private health facilities. This study used secondary data from the 2013 and 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research (IBHR). The data was analyzed univariately and analyzed further using Orange Data Mining Tools to test the screening tool model used to predict TB in diabetic individuals. The total sample in this study …

Enhancing Foot Care Education And Support Strategies In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Hsiao-Hui Ju, Madelene Ottosen, Jeffery Alford, Jed Jularbal, Constance Johnson

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: People with diabetes are susceptible to serious and disabling foot complications, which increase their morbidity and mortality rates. Examining the perspectives of people with diabetes on their foot care routines could help elucidate their beliefs and offer practical ways to prevent foot problems.

PURPOSE: We explored the perspectives of adults with diabetes on their foot care practices to identify and enhance foot care education and support strategies.

METHODOLOGY: Using the Zoom platform, 29 adults with diabetes completed a 3-month telehealth educational program, during which interviews were conducted. This article reports the results of thematic content analysis of the qualitative …

Social/Emotional Health, Mental Health And Quality Of Life Among Adults With Comorbid Diabetes And Hypertension: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Ranjita Misra, Sara Nayeem

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: West Virginia has a disproportionately large population of rural adults with diabetes and hypertension, two common chronic, comorbid conditions that represent a national economic, social, and public health burden. Anxiety, depression, and severe mental illness are associated with poor motivation to engage in coping/self-care behaviors and related increased morbidity/mortality.

Purpose: This study examines the relationship between self-reported mental health, selected social and emotional health factors, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and clinical outcomes among adults with comorbid diabetes and hypertension.

Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 75 participants who participated in a diabetes and hypertension self-management program (DHSMP) in …

"Once I Take That One Bite": The Consideration Of Harm Reduction As A Strategy To Support Dietary Change For Patients With Diabetes, Alexzandra Gentsch, Megan Reed, Amy Cunningham, Anna Marie Chang, Stephanie Kahn, Danielle Kovalsky, Amanda Doty, Geoffrey Mills, Judd Hollander, Kristin Rising

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Despite well-established guidelines to treat diabetes, many people with diabetes struggle to manage their disease. For many, this struggle is related to challenges achieving nutrition-related lifestyle changes. We examined how people with diabetes describe barriers to maintaining a healthy diet and considered the benefits of using a harm reduction approach to assist patients to achieve nutrition-related goals.

METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of 89 interviews conducted with adults who had type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Interviews were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Themes regarding food or diet were initially captured in a "food" node. Data in …

Using Education To Improve Glycemic Management Within An Emergency Department, Rebecca Olson

Master's Theses and Capstones

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) frequently visit acute care facilities for a variety of reasons. Proper management of this comorbidity increases patient safety, satisfaction, and quality care. Patients with persistent dysglycemic events in acute care facilities have an increased risk of complications and death during their stay. Lack of education can contribute to gaps in proper management within this population and therefore must be improved for better patient outcomes.

Methods: The Plan-Do-Check-Act design from the A3 Problem Solving model was used to guide a quality improvement project which focused on improving staff education and confidence surrounding glycemic management. The …

Contraceptive Methods In Diabetic Women Referring To Government Diabetes Clinics In Northern Iran, Roya Mansour-Ghanaei, Yalda Donyaei-Mobarrez, Kobra Abouzari-Gazafroodi

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Unwanted pregnancies in diabetic women can endanger the mother and the fetus. The present study was conducted to determine contraceptive methods for diabetic women referred to government diabetes clinics in the north of Iran.

Methods: A total of 153 diabetic women referred to government clinics in Guilan were included in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire made by the researcher regarding personal and social information and information related to contraceptive methods was administered. Data were analyzed analytically using SPSS version 19.

Results: The findings of the present study revealed that 87.6% of diabetic women used contraceptive methods, …

Project: Center For Diabetes And Metabolism [Centro De Diabetes Y Metabolismo: Cedimet], A Collaborative Dream Comes True, Claudia Munguia-Cisneros, Edith Cantu, Carlos Ramirez-Pfeiffer, Adriana L. Perales-Torres, Esperanza M. Garcia-Oropeza, Estrella Y. Martinez-Lopez, Alvaro Diaz-Badillo, Joselin Hernandez-Ruiz, Alberto O. Chavez-Velazquez, Lucia M. Perez-Navarro, Beatriz Tapia, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga

Research Symposium

Reynosa urban area has 690,000 inhabitants (384,000 adults >20 years old), 35% moved from other states. The use of cell phones is in 81%, personal computer or laptop with 29%. The prevalence of overweight is 39%, obesity 36%, and T2D 13%. The expected adult population with T2D is 49,900 individuals. The are 5 clinics prepared to attend T2D, and few with specialized personnel.

The CeDiMet is a collaborative clinic involving health personnel and researchers from the Universidad Mexico Americana del Norte, Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Hospital General de Mexico “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, and the …

A Nurse-Led Telehealth Program For Diabetes Foot Care: Feasibility And Usability Study, Hsiao-Hui Ju, Rashmi Momin, Stanley Cron, Jed Jularbal, Jeffery Alford, Constance Johnson

Student and Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus can lead to severe and debilitating foot complications, such as infections, ulcerations, and amputations. Despite substantial progress in diabetes care, foot disease remains a major challenge in managing this chronic condition that causes serious health complications worldwide.

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and usability of a telehealth program focused on preventive diabetes foot care. A secondary aim was to descriptively measure self-reported changes in diabetes knowledge, self-care, and foot care behaviors before and after participating in the program.

METHODS: The study used a single-arm, pre-post design in 2 large family …

Patient And Provider Experience With Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology For Diabetic Retinopathy In A Rural Primary Care Setting, Brian M. Nolan, Emma R. Daybranch, Kerri Barton, Neil Korsen

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: The development of autonomous artificial intelligence for interpreting diabetic retinopathy (DR) images has allowed for point-of-care testing in the primary care setting. This study describes patient and provider experiences and perceptions of the artificial intelligence DR screening technology called EyeArt by EyeNuk during implementation of the tool at Western Maine Primary Care in Norway, Maine.

Methods: This non-randomized, single-center, prospective observational study surveyed 102 patients and 13 primary care providers on their experience of the new screening intervention.

Results: All surveyed providers agreed that the new screening tool would improve access and annual screening rates. Some providers also identified …

The Impact Of Diabetes On At-Fault Motor Vehicle Collisions In Older Adults: Visual Function, Medication, And Crash Characteristics, Thomas A. Swain

All ETDs from UAB

Older drivers represent one of the fastest growing age groups of drivers in the United States. Crash risk among older adults, who have the highest prevalence of vision impairment, has been shown to be related to worse visual function. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic health condition affecting more than 23.1 million Americans, and one in three have pre-diabetes. Persons with diabetes are at increased risk of conditions which cause vision loss. Research indicates those with diabetes have higher rates of MVCs. Despite the increased MVC risk among each of these groups, work has yet to evaluate if diabetes modifies the …

Factors Associated With Depression Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients At A Tertiary Hospital During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Muhammad Ikhsan Mokoagow, Dian Pitawati, Ditya Nona Arisandy, Nadya Magfira, Pratiwi Indah Palupi, Jerry Nasarudin, Marina Epriliawati, Ida Ayu Kshanti

Kesmas

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that can cause various complications, economic burdens, and psychosocial issues that eventually lead to depression. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of depression among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic of a South Jakarta tertiary hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2021. The data were collected consecutively from 100 patients aged 18 years or older who came for regular consultation. The instrument used for determining depression is Beck Depression Inventory-II. The prevalence of depression, a correlation …

Cognitive Function In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Taking Metformin And Metformin-Sulfonylurea, Abu Rachman, Rani Sauriasari, Nadia Farhanah Syafhan, Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, Hindun Wilda Risni

Kesmas

The most prescribed antidiabetic drugs in Indonesian primary health care are metformin or a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea. Studies on metformin have shown various impacts on cognitive decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas sulfonylurea has been shown to reduce this impact. This study aimed to compare the impacts of metformin and metformin-sulfonylurea on cognitive function and determine what factors affected it. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Pasar Minggu Primary Health Care involving 142 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients taking metformin or metformin-sulfonylurea for > 6 months and aged > 36 years. Cognitive function was assessed using the …

Improving Cancer Care Through Digital Health Coaching, Jennifer Nguyen, Pharmd, Vittorio Maio, Pharmd, Ms, Msph, Nathan Handley, Md, Mba

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Diabetes Mellitus And Mortality Among Covid-19 Patients In Jakarta, March-August 2020, Endang Widuri Wulandari, Sudarto Rotnoatmodjo, Ngabila Salama

Kesmas

Diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity is one of the risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality. This study aimed to determine the association of comorbid DM and mortality among COVID-19 confirmed cases in DKI Jakarta Province, controlled with confounding variables from March to August 2020. The study design was a retrospective cohort using cox proportional hazard regression, with a total sample of 1,480. The data consisted of 740 COVID-19 cases with and 740 without comorbid DM. The inclusion criteria were COVID-19 confirmed cases with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) laboratory testing reported to the DKI Jakarta Provincial Department of Health, and …

Treatment Adherence And Incidence Of Coronary Heart Disease In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Ahmad Sahlan Baniu, Rani Sauriasari, Woro Riyadina, Pradana Soewondo

Kesmas

Previous studies showed that uncontrolled blood sugar and long-term use of several types of antidiabetic could increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to compare the incidence of CHD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients showing treatment adherence and non-adherence behavior over four years. This was a retrospective cohort study with data sets obtained from the Bogor Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors. All study subjects were not diagnosed with CHD at the beginning of the study. The sample was divided into two groups; one had adhered to treatment from health centers and followed …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Hypertension And Diabetes Mellitus Among The Indonesian Elderly, Prisilia Oktaviyani, Salman Salman, Marlynda Happy Nurmalita Sari, Melisa Frisilia, Munazar Munazar, Ana Satria, Maretalinia Maretalinia

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Epidemiological and demographic transitions lead to the emergence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) among the elderly. This study aimed to examine the risk factors of hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) among the elderly by using secondary data (Basic Health Research 2018).

Methods: Secondary data from Basic Health Research (N = 88,911) were used. Cut-off values for measurement were WHO standard of 126 mg/dl for fasting and 200 mg/dl for non-fasting for DM and 140 mmHg for systole and 90 mmHg for diastole for hypertension. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate (binary logistic regression) analyses were conducted using STATA version 15. …

Mucormycosis: Covid-19 And Corticosteroids, Mittal Savaliya, Nivedita Jha, Steven B Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Decrease Of Cardiovascular Risk In Obese Patients Who Participated In A Lifestyle Medicine Program, Eymard Torres-Rodriguez, Lucy Perla Gulliana Cedillo Ramírez

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Lifestyle Medicine in the management of chronic diseases such as obesity is essential to reduce cardiovascular risk and to reverse the disease process (1). Objective: To determine if a Lifestyle Medicine program can reduce cardiovascular risk in obese adults in Colombia. Material and methods: Descriptive observational study cases series type followed for 6 months in a Lifestyle Medicine Clinic. 9 patients were included taking into account 2 measures of cardiovascular risk as a parameter to complete the program. The following measurements were taken: cardiovascular risk using the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) calculator, Body Mass Index (BMI), lipid profile, history …

The Lifestyle Associated With The Control Of Arterial Hypertension And Diabetes Mellitus In A Care Center In Lima, During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Mariana Callapiña-De Paz, Yoshie Z. Cisneros-Núñez, Norka R. Guillén-Ponce, Jhony A. De La Cruz-Vargas

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Introduction: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus 2 are prevalent diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed lifestyle and disease control, potentially triggering serious complications. Objectives: To determine the association between lifestyle and the control of chronic non-communicable diseases: arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus 2 during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients of an Urgent Care Center. Materials and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study. A sample of 158 patients, between 30 and 79 years old, was included. Control files and medical records were analyzed, anthropometric values ​​were measured, and lifestyle was evaluated through surveys. Results: 51.3% were male, an average of 61 years, …

Prevalence Of Endocrine Disorders Among 6078 Individuals With Down Syndrome In The United States, Anne Rivelli, Veronica Fitzpatrick, Danielle Wales, Laura Chicoine, Gengjie Jia, Andrey Rzhetsky, Brian Chicoine

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Findings from a recent study describing prevalence of common disease conditions in the largest documented cohort of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) in the United States strongly suggested significant disparity in endocrine disorders among these individuals when compared with age- and sex-matched individuals without DS. This retrospective, descriptive study is a follow-up report documenting prevalence of 21 endocrine disorder conditions, across 28 years of data, from 6078 individuals with DS and 30,326 age- and sex-matched controls, abstracted from electronic medical records within a large integrated health system. Overall, individuals with DS experienced higher prevalence of adrenal insufficiency and Addison’s disease; …

Covid-19 And Chronic Diabetes: The Perfect Storm For Reactivation Tuberculosis?: A Case Series, Genesis P. Aguillón-Durán, Ericka Prieto-Martinez Dr, Doris Ayala, Juan García Jr., John M. Thomas Iii, Juan Ignacio García, Brandon Michael Henry, Jordi B. Torrelles, Joanne Turner, Eder Ledezma-Campos, Blanca I. Restrepo

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is predicted to have a net negative effect on tuberculosis control, with an estimated excess of 6.3 million tuberculosis cases and 1.4 million deaths by 2025. Programmatic issues such as the lockdown of tuberculosis services affect all patients, while biosocial factors have a differential impact on an individual’s risk for tuberculosis or adverse tuberculosis outcomes.

Case presentation

We report three Hispanic cases of incident tuberculosis (two males, 43 and 44 years old; one female, 49 years old) after resolution of coronavirus disease episodes. Coincidentally, all cases shared a common risk factor: a chronic history …

A 6-Cpg Validated Methylation Risk Score Model For Metabolic Syndrome: The Hypergen And Goldn Studies, Bertha A. Hidalgo, Bre Minniefield, Amit Patki, Rikki Tanner, Minoo Bagheri, Hemant K. Tiwari, Donna K. Arnett, Marguerite Ryan Irvin

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

There has been great interest in genetic risk prediction using risk scores in recent years, however, the utility of scores developed in European populations and later applied to non-European populations has not been successful. The goal of this study was to create a methylation risk score (MRS) for metabolic syndrome (MetS), demonstrating the utility of MRS across race groups using cross-sectional data from the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN, N = 614 African Americans (AA)) and the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN, N = 995 European Americans (EA)). To demonstrate this, we first selected cytosine-guanine dinucleotides …

Validity Of The American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test As Screening For Prediabetes In A Sample Of Peruvian Workers, Victor Juan Vera-Ponce, Jorge Enrique Osada Liy, Mario J. Valladares-Garrido

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Objective: To evaluate the validity of the risk test of the American Diabetes Association (ADA Test) as a screening for hyperglycemia in a sample of workers in Lima, Peru. Methods: Cross-sectional study of diagnostic tests. Secondary analysis of the data generated by the electronic health record of an occupational polyclinic, carried out in January and February 2020. The sample was made up of workers from different areas who attended for their occupational medical evaluation. Prediabetes was considered with a fasting glucose ≥ 100 mg / dl but less than 126 mg / dl. Results: 397 subjects were evaluated. The prevalence …

Determining Diagnosis Date Of Diabetes Using Structured Electronic Health Record (Ehr) Data: The Search For Diabetes In Youth Study, Kristin M. Lenoir, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Jasmin Divers, Ramon Casanova, Dana Dabelea, Sharon Saydah, Catherine Pihoker, Angela D. Liese Ph.D., Debra Standiford, Richard Hamman, Brian J. Wells, The Search For Diabetes In Youth Study Group

Faculty Publications

Background Disease surveillance of diabetes among youth has relied mainly upon manual chart review. However, increasingly available structured electronic health record (EHR) data have been shown to yield accurate determinations of diabetes status and type. Validated algorithms to determine date of diabetes diagnosis are lacking. The objective of this work is to validate two EHR-based algorithms to determine date of diagnosis of diabetes. Methods A rule-based ICD-10 algorithm identified youth with diabetes from structured EHR data over the period of 2009 through 2017 within three children’s hospitals that participate in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study: Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, …

Diabetes, Anti-Diabetic Medication Use, And The Risk Of Ovarian Cancer, Chantaezia Joseph

Theses and Dissertations

Background- Although ovarian cancer is a rare disease, it is the 5th leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in the United States. Diabetes is a serious chronic disease that plagues over 436 million adults worldwide and was ranked 7th in causes of death in the US in 2017. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that diabetes may lead to an increased risk of ovarian cancer due to shared risk factors such as sedentary behaviors, smoking and poor diet or through biological mechanisms related to hyperglycemia and obesity, but the epidemiologic evidence yields mixed results. Certain anti-diabetic medications may increase the risk …

Lipid Profile And Admission/Discharge Locations As Predictors Of 60 Day Readmission In Adults 65 Or Older With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Zac Dalton, Terrie Ginsberg, Matthew Mclaughlin

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction: Reducing 30 and 60 day hospital readmissions is critical to our healthcare systems. Older folks with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) account for a disproportionate amount of readmissions. Through recognizing factors that correlate to readmissions, patients at risk may be identified.

Objective: To conduct a retrospective review of electronic medical records (EMR) to determine if there is an association between the lipid profile and admission and discharge locations of hospitalized older adults and whether they were rehospitalized 60-days post discharge.

Methods: EMRs were reviewed of 86 randomly selected consenting participants who were admitted to a community hospital and were …

Factors Related To Left Ventricular Hypertrophy In Adult Persons Living At Altitude, Anibal Diaz Lazo, Carlos Barrientos Huamani, Carlo Cordova Rosales

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Objective: to determine the factors related to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adults living high. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out in the Echocardiography Laboratory of the Hospital Regional Docente Clínico (HRDCQ) Daniel Alcides Carrión (HRDCQ) of Huancayo, Peru at 3,259 m.s.n.m. The sample was determined with a formula and the sampling was simple random. The inclusion criteria were: be 18 years of age or older; have an echocardiography study with a diagnosis of LVH. The exclusion criteria were: having valvular disease, congenital heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, acute cardiovascular event, and cardiac arrhythmia. The data were …

Management Of Glycemic Crises In Adult Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline, Lima - Peru., Fradis Gil-Olivares, Helard Manrique, Luis Castillo-Bravo, Laura Perez, Giovanny Campomanes, Karina Aliaga, José Lagos, Alfredo Aguilar, Guillermo Umpierrez

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

The manuscript summarizes the process of elaboration of the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) for the management of glycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes mellitus of the AUNA Clinic Network. A multidisciplinary team of medical assistants and methodologists carried out the development of the CPG and then there was an external review by a specialist in the field. The Elaboration Group of the CPG (GEG) concluded on 10 PICO questions. A systematic search for CPG, systematic reviews and primary studies was carried out to answer these PICO questions. To make recommendations we used the "GRADE-Adolopment" methodology and the guidelines of …