Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents
Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
No abstract provided.
Inequality, Physician Distribution, And Health In Illinois Counties: A Three-Stage Least Squares Model, Martin Mistretta, Karen Peters
Inequality, Physician Distribution, And Health In Illinois Counties: A Three-Stage Least Squares Model, Martin Mistretta, Karen Peters
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Government health policies often do not succeed as planned, possibly due to income inequality. Its importance is often overlooked when searching for the causes of poor health and when developing strategies to improve the health of Americans. This research uses an advanced statistical technique to study the relationship between income inequality, racial/ethnic, and rural/urban disparities in health for counties in Illinois. Primary care physician to population ratios were also controlled in three-stage least squares econometric models. Mortality data were used as the health measure. Simultaneity between certain variables was accounted for: something not previously studied. Income inequality in the Illinois …
Association Between Human Papillomavirus Infection And Oral Carcinomas, Amanda K. Summers
Association Between Human Papillomavirus Infection And Oral Carcinomas, Amanda K. Summers
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
There are over 100 different types of Human Papillomavirus, also known as HPV4. It is a group of DNA viruses that can infect various parts of the body by changing normal cells into abnormal cells. HPV types are divided into high-risk and low-risk types. HPV types that are considered high-risk types have the potential to cause cancer. The low-risk HPV types may cause visible cell abnormalities, like skin warts. It is approximated that 20 million Americans are currently infected with some strain of Human Papillomavirus and another 6.2 million people are newly infected each year5. Oral …
The Effects Of Aerosolized Brevetoxin Exposure On The Human Respiratory System, Katie M. Spaulding
The Effects Of Aerosolized Brevetoxin Exposure On The Human Respiratory System, Katie M. Spaulding
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
While much information has been collected about the effects of brevetoxin ingestion in contaminated seafood, there has been very little research conducted and little is known about the effects of these toxins when inhaled in aerosols (Backer et al., 2003). The effects of brevetoxins are of great public health concern because not only are harmful algal blooms increasing in frequency and duration of occurrence, they are also expanding their area of distribution (Sellner et al., 2003; Kirkpatrick, 2004). Since a significant proportion of the world's population live within 75 miles of an ocean coast and this density of human coastal …
Interventions To Reduce Recidivism Rates Among Juvenile Offenders, Rebecca Arnold
Interventions To Reduce Recidivism Rates Among Juvenile Offenders, Rebecca Arnold
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
This paper will review epidemiologic literature on interventions that contribute favorably to reducing rates of recidivism among juvenile offenders. In this context, the exposures are the various interventions and treatment modalities that may be used in an attempt to prevent recidivism; the disease (outcome) is recidivism. Recidivism is defined as "the tendency to relapse into a previously undesirable type of behavior, especially crime." For the purpose of this review, "juvenile offender" includes boys and girls aged 12-21 who can be classified as juvenile delinquents and/or who have committed at least one violent crime; the juvenile offenders in the studies reviewed …
Exposure To Pesticides And Breast Cancer Revisited, Samantha Shapiro
Exposure To Pesticides And Breast Cancer Revisited, Samantha Shapiro
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Pesticide use raises a number of environmental health concerns for the general public as pesticides are commonly used to increase agricultural productivity and control invading insects, weeds, fungi and rodents (Jurewicz et al., 2006). Pesticides have been suspected to present danger to consumers and bystanders, as well as workers during the manufacturing and transporting process of these chemicals. This is a problem of great significance because if pesticides do play a role in the etiologies of breast cancer, many people are put at an increased risk in their daily lives by consuming and inhaling such toxins. Due to the fact …
Mrsa In Animals And The Risk Of Infection In Humans, Shannon Tucker
Mrsa In Animals And The Risk Of Infection In Humans, Shannon Tucker
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
MRSA infection is a major concern in animals and, as in humans, animals can also become carriers. It is suspected that most animals acquire MRSA from humans (reverse zoonosis) (Heot & Hough, 2008). In 1959, Mann was one of the first to culture the nostrils of cats and dogs for Staphylococcus sp. and he "proposed that the common house pet can serve as an important reservoir or carrier of staphylococci infective for man" (Mann, 1959). In the 1970's MRSA strains were isolated in milk samples in Belgium (Devriese, Van Damme, & Fameree, 1972) (Devriese & Hommez, 1975). Humans can be …
Childhood Vaccination And Autism, Peggy K. Brinkman
Childhood Vaccination And Autism, Peggy K. Brinkman
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
In March, 2008, parents of a girl in Georgia were ruled to be entitled to compensation because their daughter developed autistic symptoms after being vaccinated with childhood vaccines (Doheny, 2008). This ruling truly questions the necessity of vaccination for childhood diseases and puts the question in the mind of every parent as to if they should vaccinate their child or not. The purpose of this study is to review literature on the epidemiologic relationship between childhood vaccinations and the development of autism.
Animal Source Foods And Adolescent Nutrition, Abbey J. Canon
Animal Source Foods And Adolescent Nutrition, Abbey J. Canon
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Due to a variety of production, processing, or preservation limitations, or because of household economic, cultural or religious factors, many children, especially those in developing countries, do not consume an adequate amount of animal source foods (ASF). While little to no animal products are consumed in many developing countries, they are nonetheless essential to a healthy diet, especially for a growing child. The majority of low income households in developing countries base their diets on cereal grains or starchy tubers. These typical diets pose many threats to the nutritional health of children. Grains and starches lack many essential micronutrients, and …
Cellular Telephones And Cancer: Is There A Connection?, James Bolton
Cellular Telephones And Cancer: Is There A Connection?, James Bolton
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Cellular telephones have been accused of causing brain tumors for years, but none of the studies that have been published have proven there is a link. The tumors that have been researched include parotid gland tumors, acoustic neuromas, and acoustic gliomas, to name a few. Wireless cellular phone usage has been increasing over the past few years, and some European countries are said to have a penetration rate of over 100%, "which is to say there are more subscribers than inhabitants"2. Wireless technology emits electromagnetic energy (AKA microwave radiation or radiofrequency radiation), and sources include not only cellular …
Bubonic Plague: History And Epidemiology, Morgan Siegrist
Bubonic Plague: History And Epidemiology, Morgan Siegrist
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
The general population has heard about Black Death outbreaks and more specifically the pandemic that started in Europe and spread worldwide between the 14th-16th centuries, but what many do not know is that this disease is still a prominent concern in modern times. Each year, 1000-3000 people die due to this disease. Cases have been reported in Brazil, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Madagascar, Myanmar, Peru, Viet Nam, and even the USA (Keeling & Gilligan, 2000; Zietz & Dunkelberg, 2004). The bubonic plague is caused by Yersinia pestis, and the disease is considered a zoonosis 132 International Journal of Global …
The Epidemiologic Link Between Listeriosis And Ready-To-Eat Food Products, Jennifer House
The Epidemiologic Link Between Listeriosis And Ready-To-Eat Food Products, Jennifer House
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Historically, most food-borne pathogens have been controlled by processing procedures such as pasteurization or cooking. Other bacterial pathogens are usually acquired through eating raw or undercooked meat, raw milk and produce that has been contaminated. However, with Listeria monocytogenes the foods most often implicated both in outbreaks and in sporadic cases are considered ready-to-eat (RTE) with no 112 International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities further processing. In addition to acquiring the pathogen through raw meats, raw milk and produce the disease has been traced to consumption of deli meats, pasteurized milk, and pasteurized milk products. This is due …
Breast Feeding And Obesity Prevention In Children, Erin J. Kennedy
Breast Feeding And Obesity Prevention In Children, Erin J. Kennedy
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
The focus of this paper is to provide a review of current research regarding the possible protective effect of breast feeding against childhood obesity. This relationship is of importance as the United States is not immune to the obesity epidemic in children (Institute of Medicine, 2008). Over the past 30 years, the childhood obesity rate defined as at or greater than the 95th percentile for age has tripled in children aged 2-5 years old and adolescents aged 12-19 years old, and doubled in children aged 6-11 years old. In 2000, the prevalence of obesity was 10% for age 2-5 year …
Information For Authors
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
No abstract provided.
Pomegranate (Punica Graantum) Peels As An Agricultural Waste For Removing Of Cd(Ii), Cr(Vi), Cu(Ii), Ni(Ii), Pb(Ii) And Zn(Ii) From Their Aqueous Solutions, G. M. Taha, A. E. Arifien, S. El-Nahas
Pomegranate (Punica Graantum) Peels As An Agricultural Waste For Removing Of Cd(Ii), Cr(Vi), Cu(Ii), Ni(Ii), Pb(Ii) And Zn(Ii) From Their Aqueous Solutions, G. M. Taha, A. E. Arifien, S. El-Nahas
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Pomegranate (Punica graantum) peels as an agricultural waste was used as an adsorbent for removal of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn ions from simulated aqueous solutions. The adsorption process was carried out using the batch method. Various effective parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dose, shaking time, particle size and temperature were investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of Punica graantum peels were done. The efficiency of Punica graantum peels toward removal of metal ions was ordered as Pb2+ < Cr6+ < Cu2+ < Cd2+ < Zn2+ < Ni2+, with the …
Influence Of Direct Contact With Poultry On Acquisition Of Avian Influenza (H5n1): A Literature Review, Catherine M. Betts
Influence Of Direct Contact With Poultry On Acquisition Of Avian Influenza (H5n1): A Literature Review, Catherine M. Betts
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Avian influenza, otherwise known as the disease associated with H5N1 virus, has been a public health concern for many years. Especially in the past decade, researchers have struggled to find effective treatments for this disease because of the severe symptoms it causes. In 1997, it was found that this virus infected both birds and humans, and the first documented case of transmission from birds to humans occurred. In 1999 in Hong Kong, further cases were documented in which poultry was responsible for transmitted the disease to humans, and it was established that poultry was the main mode of transmission of …
Human Traffficking In Romania: An Analysis Of Prevention And Outreach Activities, Janet Ho, Noemi Salantiu, Georgiana But, Susan Roberts-Dobie, Anca Magyar, Razvan Chereches
Human Traffficking In Romania: An Analysis Of Prevention And Outreach Activities, Janet Ho, Noemi Salantiu, Georgiana But, Susan Roberts-Dobie, Anca Magyar, Razvan Chereches
International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities
Human trafficking is a growing problem in Romania and around the world. Romania is considered a transit and origin country for human trafficking. Most victims are transported externally to more developed countries, although many victims will stay within Romanian borders. The Romanian government, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and other stakeholders are making efforts to prevent trafficking. This descriptive study, based on a series of qualitative interviews, examines the actions NGOs, governmental organizations, and church leaders in Cluj County, Romania are taking to prevent trafficking. The strengths and weaknesses of existing programs, as well as recommendations for future action are discussed. A …