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A Prolonged Outbreak Of Shigella Sonnei Infections In Traditionally Observant Jewish Communities In North America Caused By A Molecularly Distinct Bacterial Subtype, Jeremy Sobel, Daniel N. Cameron, Johanne Ismail, Nancy Strockbine, Michael Williams, Pamela S. Diaz, Barbara Westley, Marilyn Rittmann, Joseph Dicristina, Halina Ragazzoni, Robert V. Tauxe, Eric D. Mintz
A Prolonged Outbreak Of Shigella Sonnei Infections In Traditionally Observant Jewish Communities In North America Caused By A Molecularly Distinct Bacterial Subtype, Jeremy Sobel, Daniel N. Cameron, Johanne Ismail, Nancy Strockbine, Michael Williams, Pamela S. Diaz, Barbara Westley, Marilyn Rittmann, Joseph Dicristina, Halina Ragazzoni, Robert V. Tauxe, Eric D. Mintz
Public Health Resources
During 1994–1996, Shigella sonnei outbreaks occurred in 8 North American traditionally observant Jewish communities. These communities remain relatively separate from neighboring populations while maintaining close contact by travel with coreligionists in other cities. Epidemiologic investigations suggested community-to-community transmission via travel. Outbreak-related and control isolates of S. sonnei from each city were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to confirm an epidemiologic linkage between outbreaks. Forty-three (94%) of 46 outbreak-related isolates had closely related PFGE patterns, constituting a single subtype; 33 (94%) of 35 control isolates demonstrated unrelated PFGE patterns. Several patterns differing by ≤3 bands were identified within the …
Human Dental Microwear Caused By Calcium Oxalate Phytoliths In Prehistoric Diet Of The Lower Pecos Region, Texas, Dennis Danielson, Karl Reinhard
Human Dental Microwear Caused By Calcium Oxalate Phytoliths In Prehistoric Diet Of The Lower Pecos Region, Texas, Dennis Danielson, Karl Reinhard
Karl Reinhard Publications
Recent research demonstrates that silica phytoliths of dietary origin are associated with microwear of human teeth. Previous research has shown that severe enamel microwear and dental wear characterizes Archaic hunter-gatherers in the lower Pecos region of west Texas. Calcium oxalate crystals are especially common in Archaic coprolites. The vast majority are derived from prickly pear and agave, which were the dietary staples in west Texas for 6,000 years. The calcium oxalate phytoliths are harder than enamel. Therefore, calcium oxalate crystals are the most likely source of previously documented dental microwear and wear in the lower Pecos region.Am J Phys Anthropol …