Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Review On Antibiotic Stewardship In Pediatric Primary Care, Paulina Kaminski

Public Health Theses

Background. Misuse of antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in pediatric primary care settings persists despite growing concern over antibiotic resistance. Interventions aimed at improving prescription use, coined Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (ASPs) often target clinicians for improved clinical decision-making. More recently, ASPs have begun educating patients to antibiotic needs, and for pediatric cases, parents who might pressure clinicians into prescribing unneeded antibiotics. While many reviews have targeted adult patients or emergency settings, few evaluate practices for pediatric populations. For this reason, we performed a review of the literature to summarize common strategies used to reduce antibiotic overprescribing for pediatric …

Evaluating Clostridioides Difficile Infection (Cdi) Risk Factors By Comparing The Use Of Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Cefepime, And Ceftazidime, Shardul Rathod

Public Health Theses

Introduction: Over the past several years, Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) incidence has been rising. The primary risk factor for CDI is antibiotic use. Many studies indicate that penicillin drugs are among the low-risk antibiotic classes associated with CDI whereas cephalosporin drugs are among the high-risk antibiotic classes. However, there is variation in studies evaluating the healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) risk associated with antibiotics within a class and limited data comparing the use of penicillin versus cephalosporin drugs.

Methods: An observational cohort study was performed using patient data from BH and YNHH. Minitab (Version 18) was used to perform survival analysis and …