Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Group-Based Four-Dimensional Brain Mapping Of Executive Control, Matthew T. Brennan, Kazuki Sakakura Md, Masaki Sonoda Md, Phd, Aimee Luat Md, Neena Marupudi, Sandeep Sood Md, Eishi Asano Md, Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Rationale: Humans utilize executive control processes to carry out non-automatic tasks. These tasks require coordination from higher brain centers to both suppress inappropriate behaviors and initiate correct responses. The goal of this study is to generate a novel, dynamic brain atlas to visualize and understand the network dynamics underlying executive control.

Methods: We studied 547 non-epileptic intracranial electrode sites sampled from seven patients with focal epilepsy. Each patient performed two types of verbal tasks: word-reading and Stroop color-naming. Mixed model analysis compared high-gamma cortical activation prior to response onset between the word-reading and Stroop color-naming tasks. Based on mixed model …

Childhood-Onset Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Exacerbates Opioid Use Disorder Consequences: Mediation By Impulsive Phenotypes, Liam R. Browning, Ciara Cannoy, Tabitha E. H. Moses, Leslie H. Lundahl Phd, David M. Ledgerwood Phd, Mark K. Greenwald Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent and associated with opioid use disorder (OUD). Yet, little is known about the mechanisms by which ADHD (which is a heterogeneous construct/diagnosis) might alter the trajectory of OUD outcomes.

Aim: This cross-sectional study examines relationships between childhood ADHD (inferred as predating substance use) and the extent to which the effects of ADHD on lifetime heroin-use consequences are mediated by foreshortened time perspective and drug-use impulsivity.

Methods: Individuals who report heroin use (N=214) were screened using the Assessment of Hyperactivity and Attention (AHA), Impulsive Relapse Questionnaire (IRQ), Stanford Time Perception Inventory (STPI), …

Glutamate, And Its Relationship To Task-Induced Functional Connectivity In The Human Brain: A Focus On Schizophrenia, Kathleen Liu Young, John Kopchick, Jeffrey Stanley, Vaibhav Diwadkar

Medical Student Research Symposium

Glutamate is the brain’s major excitatory neurotransmitter mediating both neuroplasticity and network function (Zhou & Danbolt, 2014). Basal glutamate (Glu) measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) provides insight into a region’s density of neuropil related to the glutamatergic system. Moreover, given the role of glutamate in mediating brain network function, Glu levels may play a role in the brain’s functional connectivity (FC), which is typically estimated from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time series data. These questions converge when considering the clinical syndrome of schizophrenia (SCZ). Patients with SCZ show abnormalities in basal Glu in the hippocampus and prefrontal …

Factors Associated With Suicide Mortality Among Childbearing-Aged Individuals: A Case-Control Study, Katerina A. Furman, Amy Loree Phd, Leah Hecht Phd, Katerina Furman Md Candidate, Lyuba Gavrilova Bs, Hsueh-Han Yeh Phd, Catherine Frank Md, Brian Ahmedani Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Purpose: Examine pregnancy-related, demographic, psychosocial and healthcare utilization factors among childbearing-aged individuals who were pregnant, postpartum or who experienced pregnancy loss

Methods: Data from nine health care systems in the Mental Health Research Network was included in this sample. A case-control study design was used in which 290 childbearing-age individuals who died by suicide (cases) from 2000-2015 were matched with 10 childbearing-age individuals from the same healthcare system and enrolled during the same time period who did not die by suicide (n=2,900). Conditional logistic regression was used to analyze associations between pregnancy/postpartum/pregnancy loss status and suicide.

Results: …