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Is Psychiatry Only Neurology? Or Only Abnormal Psychology? Déjà Vu After 100 Years, Jose De Leon
Is Psychiatry Only Neurology? Or Only Abnormal Psychology? Déjà Vu After 100 Years, Jose De Leon
Psychiatry Faculty Publications
Forgetting history, which frequently repeats itself, is a mistake. In General Psychopathology, Jaspers criticised early 20th century psychiatrists, including those who thought psychiatry was only neurology (Wernicke) or only abnormal psychology (Freud), or who did not see the limitations of the medical model in psychiatry (Kraepelin). Jaspers proposed that some psychiatric disorders follow the medical model (Group I), while others are variations of normality (Group III), or comprise schizophrenia and severe mood disorders (Group II). In the early 21st century, the players' names have changed but the game remains the same. The US NIMH is reprising both Wernicke's brain mythology …
Paradoxes Of Us Psychopharmacology Practice In 2013: Undertreatment Of Severe Mental Illness And Overtreatment Of Minor Psychiatric Problems, Jose De Leon
Psychiatry Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
One Hundred Years Of Limited Impact Of Jaspers’ General Psychopathology On Us Psychiatry, Jose De Leon
One Hundred Years Of Limited Impact Of Jaspers’ General Psychopathology On Us Psychiatry, Jose De Leon
Psychiatry Faculty Publications
Jaspers, a German psychiatrist, published General Psychopathology in 1913. Jaspers, Schneider, and Mayer-Gross were members of the Heidelberg school. General Psychopathology, indirectly through Schneider’s and Mayer-Gross’ textbooks and directly by its English translation in 1963, led to a narrow set of schizophrenia criteria in the United Kingdom. General Psychopathology had very limited direct impact on US psychiatry, which adopted a broader schizophrenia definition. The difference between UK and US schizophrenia was a key element in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, and the neo-Kraepelinian revolution. General Psychopathology contains two essential interrelated ideas: a) psychiatry is …
The Future (Or Lack Of Future) Of Personalized Prescription In Psychiatry, Jose De Leon
The Future (Or Lack Of Future) Of Personalized Prescription In Psychiatry, Jose De Leon
Psychiatry Faculty Publications
Rapid technological advances in genetics have created conceptual chaos regarding the genetics of drug response. Terms for differing concepts are used interchangeably: pharmacogenetics with pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine with personalized prescription. Biomarker has many definitions. The author prefers the concept of personalized prescription and uses it with implications beyond pharmacogenetics by considering all scientific information valid for prescribing medication. Genetics may not be crucial for all drugs. In this comprehensive view, clinicians must consider genetic, environmental and personal variables when prescribing medication and incorporate some basic pharmacological principles: (1) safety and efficacy, (2) pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, (3) therapeutic window and prescriber's …
Glucuronidation Enzymes, Genes And Psychiatry, Jose De Leon
Glucuronidation Enzymes, Genes And Psychiatry, Jose De Leon
Psychiatry Faculty Publications
The phase I cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes have received substantial attention in the pharmacogenetic literature. Researchers are beginning to examine the role of the phase II UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, which produce products that are more water-soluble, less toxic and more readily excreted than the parent compounds. Several reasons may have contributed to neglect of UGTs (compared to CYPs) including: (1) the overlapping activity of UGTs and lack of selective probes; (2) the complexity of the glucuronidation cycle; and (3) the difficulty in developing analytic methods to measure glucuronides. Current CYP knowledge is used as a model to predict advances in …