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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Effects Of Locomotion-Induced Shock Loading On Tibiofemoral Bone Stress Response, Alexa Standerfer, Suzenna Ngo, Karen Daun
The Effects Of Locomotion-Induced Shock Loading On Tibiofemoral Bone Stress Response, Alexa Standerfer, Suzenna Ngo, Karen Daun
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Purpose/Hypothesis: Knee osteoarthritis (Coats, Zioupos, & Aspden) is a degenerative joint disease that negatively impacts the quality of life. About 9.3 million people in the U.S. population are affected. It has been suggested via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that bone marrow edema (i.e., indicative of bone stress response) and joint structure changes may be the main contributing factors of pain in OA. Frontal plane lower extremity (LE) alignment has been a topic of much interest regarding development of OA in the knee joint. It is hypothesized that varus alignment increases forces through the medial compartment of the knee, thereby …
Preventing Non-Contact Acl Injuries In Female Athletes: What Can We Learn From The Dancers?, Sarah Crow, Thomas Crowther, Trenton Saupan
Preventing Non-Contact Acl Injuries In Female Athletes: What Can We Learn From The Dancers?, Sarah Crow, Thomas Crowther, Trenton Saupan
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Study design: Cross-sectional case control. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dance experience and movement instruction on lower extremity kinematics and muscle activation during landing tasks Background/Aim: Current research demonstrates that dancers exhibit a much lower incidence of ACL injuries when compared to athletes of other sports despite the fact that dancers jump and land frequently in their training and performance. The mechanism that underlies this disparity is unclear. Methods: We analyzed lower extremity biomechanics during landing in 27 subjects (age 18-25 years, 12 dancers and 15 non-dancers). In the non-instructed (NI) conditions, participants …
Thrust Joint Manipulation Utilization By Us Physical Therapists, Sean Reilly, Rebecca Slaughter, Erwin Ventura
Thrust Joint Manipulation Utilization By Us Physical Therapists, Sean Reilly, Rebecca Slaughter, Erwin Ventura
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Study Design: Online survey study. Objective: To determine physical therapists’ utilization of thrust joint manipulation (TJM) and their comfort level in using TJM between the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the spine. We hypothesized that physical therapists who use TJM would report regular use and comfort providing it to the thoracic and lumbar spines, but not so much for the cervical spine. Background: Recent surveys of first professional physical therapy degree programs have found that TJM to the cervical spine is not taught to the same degree as to the thoracic and lumbar spines. Methods: We developed a survey …
Heel-Raised Foot Posture And Weightlifting Shoes Do Not Affect Trunk And Lowerextremity Biomechanics During A Barbell Back Squat, Javier Ibarra, Derek Oldroyd, Ryan Zane
Heel-Raised Foot Posture And Weightlifting Shoes Do Not Affect Trunk And Lowerextremity Biomechanics During A Barbell Back Squat, Javier Ibarra, Derek Oldroyd, Ryan Zane
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Background and Purpose: It is claimed that wearing weightlifting shoes with a raised-heel can improve posture and leg muscle activation, and reduce the risk of back injuries during a barbell back squat. However, these proclaimed biomechanical effects have not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to compare the thoracic, lumbar, and lower extremity biomechanics during barbell back squat in 3 foot posture conditions. Subjects: 14 healthy recreational weightlifters (7 male and 7 female) between the ages of 18-50 participated in the study. A minimum of 2 years weightlifting experience and regular training with the barbell back squat …
Effects Of Simple Postural Instructions On Running Form Modification In Recreational Runners – Preliminary Findings, Elizabeth Billington, Scott Devries, Kenshin Scoggin
Effects Of Simple Postural Instructions On Running Form Modification In Recreational Runners – Preliminary Findings, Elizabeth Billington, Scott Devries, Kenshin Scoggin
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Background and purpose: Running is one of the most popular exercises but it is also an activity with a high incidence of injury. Running form modification involving a forward lean of the trunk and forefoot strike pattern has been shown to be effective in attenuating the impact forces of the lower extremity. However, it is currently unknown how these changes can be most effectively instructed and learned by the runners. Previous studies have shown that practicing a motor task with an external focus can facilitate learning and retention when compared to the more common internal focus instructions. The purpose of …
The Effect Of Dry Needling To The Multifidus Muscle On Resting And Contracted Thickness Of Transversus Abdominis In Subjects With Low Back Pain, Shane Collins, Abbay Dow, Daniel Rincon
The Effect Of Dry Needling To The Multifidus Muscle On Resting And Contracted Thickness Of Transversus Abdominis In Subjects With Low Back Pain, Shane Collins, Abbay Dow, Daniel Rincon
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Study Design: Randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial. Objective: To measure the effects of dry needling to the lumbar multifidus (MF) muscle for any change in resting and contracted thickness of the transversus abdominis (TrA) muscle as well as symptoms and disability in individuals with low back pain (LBP). Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that individuals with LBP have diminished co-activation of the lumbar MF and TrA muscles, which when working appropriately in healthy individuals, contributes to spinal stability and function. A significant change in the resting and contracted thickness of TrA has been found with dry needling to the lumbar …
Balance Confidence And Fear Of Falling Avoidance Behavior Are Most Predictive Of Falling In Older Adults: A Prospective Analysis, Sarrie Oscar, Jessica Sasaoka, Kyle Vaughn
Balance Confidence And Fear Of Falling Avoidance Behavior Are Most Predictive Of Falling In Older Adults: A Prospective Analysis, Sarrie Oscar, Jessica Sasaoka, Kyle Vaughn
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Background: Evidence suggests that there are several fall predictors in the elderly population, including previous fall history and balance impairment. To date, however, the role of psychological factors has not yet been thoroughly vetted in conjunction with physical factors as predictors of future falls. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine which measures, physical and psychological, are most predictive of falling in older adults. Design: This was a prospective cohort study. Methods: Sixty-four participants (mean age=72.2 years, SD=7.2; 40 women, 24 men) with and without pathology (25 healthy, 17 with Parkinson disease, 11 with cerebrovascular accident, 6 with …
Use Of A Mobile Application To Increase Patient Compliance To A Prescribed Home Exercise Program And Improve Outcomes, Ellie Cobb, Jed Hurst, Ethan Konshuk
Use Of A Mobile Application To Increase Patient Compliance To A Prescribed Home Exercise Program And Improve Outcomes, Ellie Cobb, Jed Hurst, Ethan Konshuk
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Methods: The creator of the app offered free use of their app to a physical therapy clinic. As the app is only compatible with Apple products, the clinic used the app with any patient that had an iPhone. Retrospective review was conducted to determine if differences in patient outcomes were observed. Patients who had access to an iPad or iPhone were considered part of the “app group” and used the mobile app to reference and report PT HEP compliance. Patients without access to an iPad or iPhone were considered part of the “non-app group” and received traditional PT HEP prescription …
The Effects Of Patellofemoral Taping On Patellofemoral Joint Alignment And Contact Area, Ryan Epstein, Ron Garcia, Nicole Riley
The Effects Of Patellofemoral Taping On Patellofemoral Joint Alignment And Contact Area, Ryan Epstein, Ron Garcia, Nicole Riley
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Purpose/Hypothesis: It is widely accepted that patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the result of excessive stress between the retro-patellar surface and the femoral trochlea. Elevated patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stress may be associated with a reduction in PFJ contact area resulting from patellar malalignment (e.g., lateral displacement, lateral tilt, or patellar alta and/or quadriceps imbalance). McConnell and Kinesio taping techniques are commonly used to address PFP and improve PFJ alignment. It has been theorized that PFJ taping can alter the PFJ alignment which may increase the patella’s contact area within the femoral trochlea, thereby resulting in a reduction in PFP. To date, …
Influences Of Body Composition, Multimorbidity And Polypharmacy On Physical Mobility Of Older Adults, Chieh Chen, Linna Sestini, Rachel Wilde
Influences Of Body Composition, Multimorbidity And Polypharmacy On Physical Mobility Of Older Adults, Chieh Chen, Linna Sestini, Rachel Wilde
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Background and Purpose: The prevalence of falls, and the resulting injuries and complications reflect a key concern in the older adult population. An increased risk of falls is highly correlated with decreases in physical mobility and related functions. The Timed Up-and-Go test (TUG) has an established reliability and validity in assessing physical function and the risk of falling in the older adult population. With age, a person typically has an increased number of health morbidities, which may be reflected in changing body composition and the number of medications associated with diseases. However, the influence of these factors on physical mobility …