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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Antibiotic Resistance, Rachel Balentine, Kaitlyn Flint, Aaron Motsinger, Mitchell Webber Oct 2016

Antibiotic Resistance, Rachel Balentine, Kaitlyn Flint, Aaron Motsinger, Mitchell Webber

Introduction to Public Health Posters

Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic. It occurs when bacteria change in a way that reduces the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals, or other agents designed to cure or prevent infections. Bacteria survive and continue to multiply, causing more harm.


Antibiotic Resistance, Jonathan Williams, Kjersti Fry, Leno Abraham, Meghan Robbins Oct 2016

Antibiotic Resistance, Jonathan Williams, Kjersti Fry, Leno Abraham, Meghan Robbins

Introduction to Public Health Posters

Antibiotics have been so widely used across the world that organisms have evolved and adapted to them, causing the drug to be less effective. Professionals do not know how to adapt because the bacteria keeps evolving to become resistant against the antibiotics.


Antibiotic Drug Discovery With An Eye Towards Overcoming Drug Resistance, Daniel Towner Hoagland Aug 2016

Antibiotic Drug Discovery With An Eye Towards Overcoming Drug Resistance, Daniel Towner Hoagland

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

As a species, humans have become ever reliant on the use of antibiotics to facilitate our everyday lives. The widespread emergence of resistance to currently used antibiotics is commonly attributed to an over use in our society. Such resistance, coupled with a lack of innovation and production of novel antibiotic drugs, threatens to return humanity to an era similar to one before the discovery of the first antibiotics. The need to find new agents to be used in this fight is paramount, as well as learning from our recent failures to produce such compounds. This document will highlight my efforts …


Do Antibiotics Improve Outcomes For Patients Hospitalized With Copd Exacerbations?, Sagi Mathew, Deborah S. Zeitlin, Katherine Rickett Apr 2016

Do Antibiotics Improve Outcomes For Patients Hospitalized With Copd Exacerbations?, Sagi Mathew, Deborah S. Zeitlin, Katherine Rickett

Deborah Zeitlin

EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER YES. Antibiotic use reduced mortality and treatment failure in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Giving antibiotics early to hospitalized patients decreased the need for later ventilation and readmission within 30 days for exacerbation of COPD (SOR: B, a retrospective cohort study).


Do Antibiotics Improve Outcomes For Patients Hospitalized With Copd Exacerbations?, Sagi Mathew, Deborah S. Zeitlin, Katherine Rickett Apr 2016

Do Antibiotics Improve Outcomes For Patients Hospitalized With Copd Exacerbations?, Sagi Mathew, Deborah S. Zeitlin, Katherine Rickett

Deborah Zeitlin

EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER YES. Antibiotic use reduced mortality and treatment failure in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Giving antibiotics early to hospitalized patients decreased the need for later ventilation and readmission within 30 days for exacerbation of COPD (SOR: B, a retrospective cohort study).


Optimizing Guideline-Recommended Antibiotic Doses For Pediatric Infective Endocarditis, Chad A. Knoderer, Kristen R. Nichols, Emily N. Israel, Christopher A. Thomas Feb 2016

Optimizing Guideline-Recommended Antibiotic Doses For Pediatric Infective Endocarditis, Chad A. Knoderer, Kristen R. Nichols, Emily N. Israel, Christopher A. Thomas

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

The American Heart Association recently published an updated scientific statement on the management of infective endocarditis in childhood. The recommendations included for vancomycin, aminoglycoside, and β-lactam dosing and monitoring are based primarily on expert opinion and do not consider available evidence for dose optimization based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles in pediatric patients. This is concerning because even when clinically necessary, some practitioners may be hesitant to deviate from guideline-recommended doses. In this perspective, we highlight potential areas for improvement in the statement-recommended doses and summarize evidence supporting antibiotic dosing optimization. The addition of a pediatric clinical pharmacist with expertise …