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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Studies Toward The Development Of An Improved Countermeasure For Synthetic Opioid Overdose, Sidnee L. Hedrick
Studies Toward The Development Of An Improved Countermeasure For Synthetic Opioid Overdose, Sidnee L. Hedrick
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
One of the most prominent opioid analgesics in the United States is the high potency agonist fentanyl. It is used in the treatment of acute and chronic pain and as an anesthetic adjuvant. When used inappropriately, however, ingestion of just a few milligrams of fentanyl or other synthetic opioid can cause opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD), often leading to death. Currently, the treatment of choice for OIRD is the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Recent reports, however, suggest that higher doses or repeated dosing of naloxone (due to recurrence of respiratory depression) may be required to fully reverse fentanyl-induced respiratory depression, rendering …
Formulation Optimization For Pore Lifetime Enhancement And Sustained Drug Delivery Across Microneedle Treated Skin, Priyanka Ghosh
Formulation Optimization For Pore Lifetime Enhancement And Sustained Drug Delivery Across Microneedle Treated Skin, Priyanka Ghosh
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
Microneedle (MN) enhanced drug delivery is a safe, effective and efficient enhancement method for delivery of drug molecules across the skin. The “poke (press) and patch” approach employs solid stainless steel MN to permeablize the skin prior to application of a regular drug patch over the treated area. It has been previously shown that MN can be used to deliver naltrexone (NTX) at a rate that provides plasma concentrations in the lower end of the therapeutic range in humans. The drug delivery potential of this technique is, however, limited by the re-sealing of the micropores in a 48-72h timeframe. The …
Clinical Evaluation Of Novel Methods For Extending Microneedle Pore Lifetime, Nicole K. Brogden
Clinical Evaluation Of Novel Methods For Extending Microneedle Pore Lifetime, Nicole K. Brogden
Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy
Microneedles are a minimally invasive method for delivering drugs through the impermeable skin layers, and have been used to deliver a variety of compounds including macromolecules, vaccines, and naltrexone. Microneedles can be applied to the skin once, creating micropores that allow for drug delivery into the underlying circulation from a drug formulation. The utility of this technique, however, is blunted by rapid micropore closure. This research project sought to: 1) characterize micropore lifetime and re-sealing kinetics, and 2) prolong micropore lifetime via inhibition of the skin’s barrier restoration processes. Impedance spectroscopy was used as a surrogate technique in animals and …
Microneedle-Assisted Transdermal Delivery Of Naltrexone Species: In Vitro Permeation And In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies, Mikolaj Milewski
Microneedle-Assisted Transdermal Delivery Of Naltrexone Species: In Vitro Permeation And In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies, Mikolaj Milewski
University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations
Naltrexone (NTX) is a drug used primarily in the management of alcohol dependence and opioid dependence. Based on several drawbacks associated with the oral and injectable intramuscular dosage forms of naltrexone currently available on the market, there is substantial interest in delivering naltrexone transdermally. Although naltrexone does not permeate skin at the rate sufficient to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations in humans, novel flux enhancement methods such as microneedles help address this challenge. Earlier work in humans has demonstrated that the use of microneedles achieves plasma concentrations in the lower end of expected therapeutic values. Further flux enhancement is desired to …