Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Nm23-H1 Blocks Cell Motility Independently Of Its Known Enzymatic Activities In A Cohort Of Human Melanoma Cells, Joseph Robert Mccorkle

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The metastasis suppressor gene NM23-H1 has been shown to possess three enzymatic activities including nucleoside diphosphate kinase, histidine-dependent protein kinase and 3’-5’ exonuclease activity. While these properties have been demonstrated in vitro using recombinant proteins, the contribution of these activities to suppression of metastatic dissemination is unknown. Site-directed mutagenesis studies were used to identify amino acid residues which are required for proper function of each enzymatic activity associated with H1, providing a platform for studying the importance of each function on an individual basis. To assess the relevance of these activities to melanoma progression, a panel of mutants harboring selective …

Development Of Novel Ahr Antagonists, Hyosung Lee

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a sensor protein, activated by aromatic chemical species for transcriptionally regulating xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. AHR is also known to be involved in a variety of pathogenesis such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, asthma, etc. The AHR signaling induced by xenobiotics has been intensively studied whereas its physiological role in the absence of xenobiotics is poorly understood. Despite a number of ligands of AHR have been reported thus far, further applications are still hampered by the lack of specificity and/or the partially agonistic activity. Thus, a pure AHR antagonist is needed for deciphering the AHR cryptic …

Drug Release And Pharmacokinetic Properties Of Liposomal Db-67, Yali Liang

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Sterically stabilized liposomes with saturated lipid as the major lipid component (DSPC:m-PEGDSPE were applied in DB-67 delivery. The drug retention in vitro and pharmacokinetic properties in vivo were investigated. Liposomal DB-67 was cleared faster from the circulation in the larger liposomes (~180 nm) than in the smaller ones (~120 nm), even though DB-67 was retained longer in smaller size liposomes in vitro. Liposomal DB-67 clearance was increased when cholesterol was present in the liposomal composition (40 mole %). It can be attributable to the faster drug release from cholesterol containing liposomes as compared to liposomes without cholesterol. Cholesterol free …

Inhibition Of Cholesterol Synthesis By Policosanol, Subhashis Banerjee

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Cholesterol is an essential component of the cell, but excessive blood levels are a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic plaques that can lead to heart disease and stroke, the foremost cause of premature death in Western societies. Policosanol, a mixture of very long chain alcohols derived from sugarcane, has gained considerable attention among the public as safe and effective means to reduce blood cholesterol levels, a belief based on some early clinical studies. My research investigates one possible mechanism by which policosanol might decrease blood cholesterol levels: the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Previous studies …

Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Regulation In Experimental Neurodegenerative Disease, Christina Margaret Charriez

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is involved in learning and memory, synaptic plasticity, neuroprotection, inflammation, and presynaptic regulation of neurotransmitter release. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by diminished cognitive abilities, memory loss, and neuropsychiatric disturbances, is associated with a loss of nAChRs. Similarly, traumatic brain injury (TBI) may result in long term neurobehavioral changes exemplified by cognitive dysfunction. Deficits in α7 nAChR expression have previously been shown in experimental TBI and may be related to cognitive impairment experienced in patients following TBI.

The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate changes in α7 nAChR expression in models …

Modulation Of The Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Following Experimental Rat Brain Injury Improves Cellular And Behavioral Outcomes, Thomas Matt Woodcock

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, and survivors are often left with cognitive deficits and significant problems with day to day tasks. To date, therapeutic pharmacological treatments of TBI remain elusive despite numerous clinical trials. An improved understanding of the molecular and cellular response to injury may help guide future treatment strategies. One promising marker for brain injury is the translocator protein (TSPO), which is normally expressed at a low level, but is highly expressed following brain damage and is associated with neuroinflammation. The isoquinoline carboxamide PK11195 binds selectively to the TSPO …

Impact Of Levalbuterol Versus Albuterol In Kentucky Medicaid Patients, Velma Henry

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Problem:

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary disease that occurs in approximately 10 percent of the population worldwide and is associated with a significant increase in direct medical expenditures. Levalbuterol and racemic albuterol are two short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) prescribed for the treatment of asthma. Racemic albuterol has been used for more than 40 years but is associated with several side effects including tremor. When levalbuterol was approved in 2005 its manufacturer and several studies suggested that using levalbuterol results in better respiratory parameters, fewer hospitalizations, less adverse effects and therefore, lower overall treatment costs and hence less need for β-adrenergic agonist …

What Is The Impact Of Kentucky’S Pharmacy Recovery Network?, Benjamin Paul Clark

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Problem Statement: This capstone will focus on Kentucky’s Pharmacy Recovery Network (PRN). In general, professional recovery networks are organizations that act as a liaison between professional state boards and the health professionals who are dealing with substance abuse and addictions that sometimes result in negative consequences to that individual and/or their profession. Instead of a “one-strike and you are out” approach, these organizations recognize that there is a disease process occurring. Thus, as opposed to engaging in strictly punitive measures, a rehabilitative approach is chosen to allow the health professional an opportunity to recover and successfully reenter into their profession. …