Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Amixicile Inhibits Anaerobic Bacteria Within An Oral Microbiome Derived From Patients With Chronic Periodontitis, Kane Ramsey

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic bacteria residing in a complex biofilm within a susceptible host. Amixicile is a non-toxic, readily bioavailable novel antimicrobial that targets strict anaerobes through inhibition of the activity of Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase (PFOR), a major enzyme mediating oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of amixicile, when compared to metronidazole, in inhibiting the growth of bacteria present in a microbiome harvested from patients with chronic periodontitis.

Plaque samples were harvested from patients with severe chronic periodontitis and cultured under anaerobic conditions. The microbiomes were grown in the presence …

The Role Of Human Msc Derived Exosomes In The Treatment Of Periodontal Diseases, Sonia S. Talegaonkar

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease affects 47% of Americans over 30. Characterized by microbial dysbiosis and unregulated inflammation, severe periodontitis causes degradation of bone and soft tissue around teeth. Current treatments have limited regenerative outcomes and frequent reinfection by harmful bacteria. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been shown to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. Many therapeutic benefits of hMSCs are due to their secretome products, like exosomes. Our long-term goal is to develop periodontal therapies with hMSC exosomes. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of hMSC-derived exosomes on cellular activity of hMSCs and investigate whether hMSC exosome …

Profiling Precursor Lipids For Specialized Pro-Resolution Molecules In Platelet-Rich Fibrin Following Fish Oil And Aspirin Intake, Danielle M. Mccormack

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Current research has demonstrated that aspirin and fish oil (EFA) increase plasma levels of specialized pro-resolution molecules (SPMs). This study investigates their effects on SPM precursor pools in platelet rich fibrin (PRF). Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to take aspirin; EFA or aspirin and EFA. Four hours later, SPM precursor levels were quantified using combined Liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The differences between the groups: Aspirin (yes or no), EFA (yes or no), were analyzed by ANCOVA, testing for group differences after covarying out the baseline value. Results: There were 4 significant interactions, 1 with an aspirin …

Profiling Precursor Lipids For Specialized Pro-Resolution Molecules In Platelet-Rich Plasma Following Fish Oil And Aspirin Intake, Lisa A. Turner

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Unfavorable outcomes following periodontal surgeries can be attributed to impaired resolution mechanisms likely due to decreased levels of specialized pro-resolution molecules (SPM). The current study investigates if SPM substrate pools in platelet-rich plasma preparations (PRP) can be increased by essential fatty acid (EFA) and / or aspirin supplementation. Methods: Nineteen healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to take i) aspirin; ii) EFA; iii) aspirin and EFA. Four hours after intake, the lipid precursor pools in PRP were quantified using combined Liquid Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the data statistically analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: Of the 77 metabolites screened, only …