Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Determinants Of Infant And Young Complementary Feeding Practices Among Children 6-23 Months Of Age In Urban Pakistan: A Multicenter Longitudinal Study, Shabina Ariff, Kamran Sadiq, Javairia Khalid, Laila Sikanderali, Batha Tariq, Fariha Shaheen, Gul Nawaz Khan, Atif Habib, Sajid Bashir Soofi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Suboptimal feeding practices have a negative impact on children's health and growth in the first 2 years of life and increase their risk of undernutrition, morbidity, and mortality. The aim of the study was to assess the factors that influence infant and young child feeding practices among urban mothers in a hospital setting at Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A longitudinal multi-center cohort study was conducted in four countries, MULTICENTER BODY COMPOSITION REFERENCE STUDY (MBCRS) to produce normal body composition reference data in healthy infants from 3 months to 24 months of age. Repeated anthropometric (weight, length and head circumference) and …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections In Children: Multicenter Surveillance, United States, January-March 2020., Brian Rha, Joana Y. Lively, Janet A. Englund, Mary A. Staat, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Natasha B. Halasa, John V. Williams, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Marian G. Michaels, Laura S. Stewart, Christopher J. Harrison, Peter G. Szilagyi, Monica M. Mcneal, Eileen J. Klein, Bonnie Strelitz, Kirsten Lacombe, Elizabeth Schlaudecker, Mary Moffatt, Jennifer E. Schuster, Barbara A. Pahud, Gina Weddle, Robert W. Hickey, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Mary E. Wikswo, Aron J. Hall, Aaron T. Curns, Susan I. Gerber, Gayle Langley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Previous reports of coronavirus disease 2019 among children in the United States have been based on health jurisdiction reporting. We performed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing on children enrolled in active, prospective, multicenter surveillance during January-March 2020. Among 3187 children, only 4 (0.1%) SARS-CoV-2-positive cases were identified March 20-31 despite evidence of rising community circulation.

A Novel Sting1 Variant Causes A Recessive Form Of Sting-Associated Vasculopathy With Onset In Infancy (Savi)., Bin Lin, Roberta Berard, Abdulrahman Al Rasheed, Buthaina Aladba, Philip J Kranzusch, Maggie Henderlight, Alexi Grom, Dana Kahle, Sofia Torreggiani, Alexander G Aue, Jacob Mitchell, Adriana A De Jesus, Grant S Schulert, Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky

Paediatrics Publications

No abstract provided.

Developing And Implementing A Novel Mentorship Model (4+ 1) For Maternal, Newborn And Child Health In Rwanda, Anaclet Ngabonzima, Cynthia Kenyon, Celestin Hategeka, Aimee Josephine Utuza, Paulin Ruhato Banguti, Isaac Luginaah, David F Cechetto

Paediatrics Publications

BACKGROUND: There are a number of factors that may contribute to high mortality and morbidity of women and newborns in low-income countries. These include a shortage of competent health care providers (HCP) and a lack of sufficient continuous professional development (CPD) opportunities. Strengthening the skills and building the capacity of HCP involved in the provision of maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) is essential to ensure quality care for mothers, newborns and children. To address this challenge in Rwanda, mentorship of HCPs was identified as an approach that could help build capacity, improve the provision of care and accelerate the …

Effect Of Maternal Retinol Status At Time Of Term Delivery On Retinol Placental Concentration, Intrauterine Transfer Rate, And Newborn Retinol Status, Melissa K. Thoene, Haley Haskett, Jeremy Furtado, Maranda Thompson, Matthew Van Ormer, Corrine K. Hanson, Ann Anderson-Berry

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Retinol (vitamin A) is essential, so the objective of this Institutional Review Board approved study is to evaluate retinol placental concentration, intrauterine transfer, and neonatal status at time of term delivery between cases of maternal retinol adequacy, insufficiency, and deficiency in a United States population. Birth information and biological samples were collected for mother-infant dyads (n = 260). Maternal and umbilical cord blood retinol concentrations (n = 260) were analyzed by HPLC and categorized: deficient (≤0.7 umol/L), insufficient (>0.7-1.05 umol/L), adequate (>1.05 umol/L). Intrauterine transfer rate was calculated: (umbilical cord blood retinol concentration/maternal retinol concentration) × …

Interstage Home Monitoring For Infants With Single Ventricle Heart Disease: Education And Management: A Scientific Statement From The American Heart Association., Nancy A. Rudd, Nancy S. Ghanayem, Garick D. Hill, Linda M. Lambert, Kathleen A. Mussatto, Jo Ann Nieves, Sarah Robinson, Girish S. Shirali, Michelle M. Steltzer, Karen Uzark, Nancy A. Pike, American Heart Association Council On Cardiovascular And Stroke Nursing; Council On Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease And Heart Health In The Young; Council On Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis And Vascular Biology; Council On Clinical Cardiology; And Council On Lifestyle And Cardiometabolic Health

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

This scientific statement summarizes the current state of knowledge related to interstage home monitoring for infants with shunt-dependent single ventricle heart disease. Historically, the interstage period has been defined as the time of discharge from the initial palliative procedure to the time of second stage palliation. High mortality rates during the interstage period led to the implementation of in-home surveillance strategies to detect physiologic changes that may precede hemodynamic decompensation in interstage infants with single ventricle heart disease. Adoption of interstage home monitoring practices has been associated with significantly improved morbidity and mortality. This statement will review in-hospital readiness for …

Medium-Term Complications Associated With Coronary Artery Aneurysms After Kawasaki Disease: A Study From The International Kawasaki Disease Registry., Brian W Mccrindle, Cedric Manlhiot, Jane W Newburger, Ashraf S Harahsheh, Therese M Giglia, Frederic Dallaire, Kevin Friedman, Tisiana Low, Kyle Runeckles, Mathew Mathew, Andrew S Mackie, Nadine F Choueiter, Pei-Ni Jone, Shelby Kutty, Anji T Yetman, Geetha Raghuveer, Elfriede Pahl, Kambiz Norozi, Kimberly E Mchugh, Jennifer S Li, Sarah D De Ferranti, Nagib Dahdah

Paediatrics Publications

Background Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) may occur after Kawasaki disease (KD) and lead to important morbidity and mortality. As CAA in patients with KD are rare and heterogeneous lesions, prognostication and risk stratification are difficult. We sought to derive the cumulative risk and associated factors for cardiovascular complications in patients with CAAs after KD. Methods and Results A 34-institution international registry of 1651 patients with KD who had CAAs (maximum CAA

Consensus Guidelines For Management Of Hyperammonaemia In Paediatric Patients Receiving Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy., Rupesh Raina, Jirair K Bedoyan, Uta Lichter-Konecki, Philippe Jouvet, Stefano Picca, Nicholas Ah Mew, Marcel C Machado, Ronith Chakraborty, Meghana Vemuganti, Manpreet K Grewal, Timothy Bunchman, Sidharth Kumar Sethi, Vinod Krishnappa, Mignon Mcculloch, Khalid Alhasan, Arvind Bagga, Rajit K Basu, Franz Schaefer, Guido Filler, Bradley A Warady

Paediatrics Publications

Hyperammonaemia in children can lead to grave consequences in the form of cerebral oedema, severe neurological impairment and even death. In infants and children, common causes of hyperammonaemia include urea cycle disorders or organic acidaemias. Few studies have assessed the role of extracorporeal therapies in the management of hyperammonaemia in neonates and children. Moreover, consensus guidelines are lacking for the use of non-kidney replacement therapy (NKRT) and kidney replacement therapies (KRTs, including peritoneal dialysis, continuous KRT, haemodialysis and hybrid therapy) to manage hyperammonaemia in neonates and children. Prompt treatment with KRT and/or NKRT, the choice of which depends on the …

Transient Hyponatremia Of Prematurity Caused By Mild Bartter Syndrome Type Ii: A Case Report., Subhrata Verma, Rahul Chanchlani, Victoria Mok Siu, Guido Filler

Paediatrics Publications

BACKGROUND: Bartter syndrome subtypes are a group of rare renal tubular diseases characterized by impaired salt reabsorption in the tubule, specifically the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. Clinically, they are characterized by the association of hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone, low blood pressure and vascular resistance to angiotensin II. Bartter syndrome type II is caused by mutations in the renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK) gene (KCNJ1), can present in the newborn period and typically requires lifelong therapy.

CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of a prematurely born female infant presenting with …

Prevalence And Clinical Features Of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Associated With Monogenic Variants, Identified By Whole-Exome Sequencing In 1000 Children At A Single Center, Eileen Crowley, Neil Warner, Jie Pan, Sam Khalouei, Abdul Elkadri, Karoline Fiedler, Justin Foong, Andrei L Turinsky, Dana Bronte-Tinkew, Shiqi Zhang

Paediatrics Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: A proportion of infants and young children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have subtypes associated with a single gene variant (monogenic IBD). We aimed to determine the prevalence of monogenic disease in a cohort of pediatric patients with IBD.

METHODS: We performed whole-exome sequencing analyses of blood samples from an unselected cohort of 1005 children with IBD, aged 0-18 years (median age at diagnosis, 11.96 years) at a single center in Canada and their family members (2305 samples total). Variants believed to cause IBD were validated using Sanger sequencing. Biopsies from patients were analyzed by immunofluorescence and …

Predictors Of Bicuspid Aortic Valve-Associated Aortopathy In Childhood: A Report From The Mibava Consortium, Michael Grattan, Andrea Prince, Rawan K Rumman, Conall Morgan, Michele Petrovic, Amanda Hauck, Luciana Young, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Bart Loeys, Salah A Mohamed, Harry Dietz, Seema Mital, Chun-Po Steve Fan, Cedric Manlhiot, Gregor Andelfinger, Luc Mertens

Paediatrics Publications

BACKGROUND: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most prevalent congenital heart defect affecting 1% to 2% of the population. It is associated with ascending aorta dilatation. Valve morphology, aortic stenosis (AS), and aortic insufficiency (AI) have been proposed as potential risk factors; however, evaluating their role is difficult, as these factors are inherently related. The aim of this study was to determine whether BAV morphology and dysfunction are independent determinants for ascending aorta dilatation in pediatric patients.

METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study of pediatric BAV patients followed since 2004 was performed. Imaging data were assessed for BAV morphology, severity …

Osteochondritis Dissecans In Pediatric Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis., Bradley C Jackson, Debra L Bartley, Roberta A Berard

Paediatrics Publications

No abstract provided.

A Ten-Year Retrospective Evaluation Of Acute Flaccid Myelitis At 5 Pediatric Centers In The United States, 2005-2014., Margaret M. Cortese, Anita K. Kambhampati, Jennifer E. Schuster, Zaid Alhinai, Gary R. Nelson, Gloria J. Guzman Perez-Carrillo, Arastoo Vossough, Michael A. Smit, Robert C. Mckinstry, Timothy Zinkus, Kevin R. Moore, Jeffrey M. Rogg, Meghan S. Candee, James J. Sejvar, Sarah E. Hopkins

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a severe illness similar to paralytic poliomyelitis. It is unclear how frequently AFM occurred in U.S. children after poliovirus elimination. In 2014, an AFM cluster was identified in Colorado, prompting passive US surveillance that yielded 120 AFM cases of unconfirmed etiology. Subsequently, increased reports were received in 2016 and 2018. To help inform investigations on causality of the recent AFM outbreaks, our objective was to determine how frequently AFM had occurred before 2014, and if 2014 cases had different characteristics.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study covering 2005-2014 at 5 pediatric centers in 3 …

Increased Episodes Of Aspiration On Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study In Children With Nasogastric Tube Placement., Sarah T. Edwards, Linda Ernst, Ashley K. Sherman, Ann M. Davis

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Given the limited evidence available, the impact of nasogastric (NG) tube placement on swallowing in children is not well understood. When a child needs to be fed enterally, the current standard is to initially place an NG tube and leave it in place for the first few months of supplemental or total enteral nutrition. It is important to understand if placement of NG tubes has a negative effect on a patient's swallow.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of those children who had videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS) to identify all children who had an NG tube in place at …

Growth Hormone Deficiency In Megalencephaly-Capillary Malformation Syndrome: An Association With Activating Mutations In Pik3ca, Shanlee Davis, Meredith A Ware, Jordan Zeiger, Matthew A Deardorff, Katheryn Grand, Adda Grimberg, Stephanie Hsu, Megan Kelsey, Shideh Majidi, Revi P Matthew, Melanie Napier, Natalie Nokoff, Chitra Prasad, Andrew C Riggs, Margaret L Mckinnon, Ghayda Mirzaa

Paediatrics Publications

Megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome (MCAP) is a brain overgrowth disorder characterized by cortical malformations (specifically polymicrogyria), vascular anomalies, and segmental overgrowth secondary to somatic activating mutations in the PI3K-AKT-MTOR pathway (PIK3CA). Cases of growth failure and hypoglycemia have been reported in patients with MCAP, raising the suspicion for unappreciated growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Here we report an observational multicenter study of children with MCAP and GH deficiency. Eleven participants were confirmed to have GH deficiency, all with very low or undetectable circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Seven underwent GH stimulation testing and all had …