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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
On The Roles Of Trait Anxiety And Toll Like Receptor 4 In Amphetamine Sensitization In Adolescent Male Rats, Corey A. Calhoun
On The Roles Of Trait Anxiety And Toll Like Receptor 4 In Amphetamine Sensitization In Adolescent Male Rats, Corey A. Calhoun
Graduate Doctoral Dissertations
Mammalian adolescence can be a difficult transition from childhood to adulthood, where increases in impulsivity and novelty- and risk-seeking are combined with heightened affect and elevated sensitivity to stress. Indeed, during adolescence, first drug use patterns emerge and in the continental United States, increasing misuse of amphetamines has been observed in adolescent youth. Myriad neural mechanisms underlie this shift in adolescence, including the dynamic remodeling of the mesocorticolimbic (MCL) pathway. Repeated drug administration affects neuroimmune substrates within the MCL circuit including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)Advances in addiction neuroscience indicate that drugs of abuse activate neural TLR4 and implicate glial TLR4 …
Impact Of Interleukin-34 On The Promotion Of Bone Osteolysis And Neuroinflammation In Experimental Models Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Anny Ho
All HCAS Student Capstones, Theses, and Dissertations
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a growing health concern and is the most common type of dementia worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that aggregated amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, one of the hallmark features of AD neuropathology, can increase RANKL-mediated osteoclast activity leading to the prevalence and severity of inflammatory osteolysis, e.g., osteoporosis and periodontal bone loss. Conversely, osteolytic lesions are associated with increased risk of dementia diagnosis indicating that there is a direct link between dementia and inflammatory osteolysis. It was demonstrated that the neuronal cells primarily produce interleukin-34 (IL-34) and microglia, macrophages, and osteoclast precursors express colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), a …
Immunomodulatory Roles Of The Lysosomal Sialidase Neuraminidase 1, Leigh Ellen Fremuth
Immunomodulatory Roles Of The Lysosomal Sialidase Neuraminidase 1, Leigh Ellen Fremuth
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Background Sialic acids are key sugar moieties located at the non-reducing terminals of glycan chains on glycoproteins and glycolipids. By virtue of their location, they influence the functions and biochemical properties of the macromolecules they are bound to. Removal of sialic acids in mammalian cells is carried out by four sialidases, which are differentially expressed and localized in distinct subcellular compartments. Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), the most abundant and ubiquitous of the four sialidases, functions primarily in the acidic environment of the lysosomes, but can hydrolyze substrates at the plasma membrane, at least in certain cell types. The enzyme initiates the …
Uncovering The Role Of Apoe4 On Alzheimer’S Disease-Related Neuroinflammation, Courtney Marie Kloske
Uncovering The Role Of Apoe4 On Alzheimer’S Disease-Related Neuroinflammation, Courtney Marie Kloske
Theses and Dissertations--Physiology
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by two hallmark pathologies: amyloid-beta plaques (Ab plaques) and hyperphosphorylated, aggregated tau tangles. These pathologies are typically accompanied by the presence of neuroinflammation which is primarily mediated by microglia. Interestingly, several genetic risk factors that increase the risk of AD also have direct impacts on neuroinflammation. Of interest, Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the largest genetic risk factor for AD. ApoE has three isoforms- E4 confers an increased risk for AD, E3 is considered the “control” phenotype, and E2 is protective against AD. E4 plays a role in virtually …
Evaluating The Role Of Mmp9 In Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced Cerebrovascular Pathology, Alexandria Linton
Evaluating The Role Of Mmp9 In Hyperhomocysteinemia Induced Cerebrovascular Pathology, Alexandria Linton
Theses and Dissertations--Neuroscience
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is one of the leading causes of dementia, along with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and often manifests as a comorbidity of AD. Elevated plasma homocysteine, known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), is a risk factor for VCID; however, the mechanism underlying the connection between HHcy and development of VCID pathology remains elusive. Understanding this mechanism would reveal novel therapeutic targets with the potential to be disease modifying, which are a critical need for a disease that lacks any approved treatment. Previous studies from our lab have strongly associated neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier (BBB) dysregulation …