Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Macrophage Activation: An Insight Into The Mechanism Of Thioredoxin-Mediated Immune Activation, Chontida Yarana, Hannah Thompson, Luksana Chaiswing, D. Allan Butterfield, Heidi L. Weiss, Subbarao Bondada, Sara S. Alhakeem, Suriyan Sukati, Daret K. St. Clair

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated from redox active anticancer drugs are released into the extracellular environment. These EVs contain oxidized molecules and trigger inflammatory responses by macrophages. Using a mouse model of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced tissue injury, we previously found that the major sources of circulating EVs are from heart and liver, organs that are differentially affected by DOX. Here, we investigated the effects of EVs from cardiomyocytes and those from hepatocytes on macrophage activation. EVs from H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2 EVs) and EVs from FL83b mouse hepatocytes (FL83 b EVs) have different levels of protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal and thus different immunostimulatory effects …