Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Clinical Outcomes For Patients With Nafld And Acute Hepatitis: An Analysis Of The National Inpatient Sample, Dakota B. Pastore, Tony Elias, Peter Senatore

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease in the United States and has been found to play a significant role in cardiovascular disease risk through several mechanisms including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, coagulability, and inflammation. Acute-on-chronic liver disease continues to contribute to worse health outcomes via acute hepatitis.

Methods: This case-control study investigated the relationship between NAFLD and acute hepatitis using data extracted from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database for the years 2019 and 2020. The NIS was searched for hospitalizations of adult patients with acute hepatitis with and without NAFLD. Using …

Advancements In Understanding And Treating Nafld: A Comprehensive Review Of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease And Emerging Therapies, Jacob Beiriger, Kashyap Chauhan, Adnan Khan, Taha Shahzad, Natali Salinas, Peter Zhang, Sarah Chen, Anh Nguyen, Brian Yan, John Bruckbauer, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current understanding of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), focusing on key factors influencing its pathogenesis and emerging therapeutic strategies. This review highlights the growing prevalence of NAFLD and NASH, emphasizing their multifactorial nature. The manuscript identifies various contributors to NAFLD development, including genetic, dietary, and environmental factors, while examining the intricate interplay between these factors and their impact on hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Genetic predisposition, dietary fat intake, and excessive fructose consumption are discussed as significant contributors to NAFLD progression. The article …

The Global Survey Of Disease Burden And Stigma Among Patients With Nafld And Their Healthcare Providers, Zobair M. Younossi, Yusuf Yilmaz, Jian-Gao Fan, Ming-Hua Zheng, Khalid Aida Alswat, Saleh A. Alqahtani, Mohamed El-Kassas, Laurent Castera, Jesus Funuyet-Salas, Stuart C. Gordon

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Background: NAFLD can be associated with disease burden and stigma to patients and providers. Aims: To understand the disease burden and stigma related to NAFLD. Methods: Members of the Global NASH Council created two surveys (68-item patient and 41- items provider survey) about experiences and attitudes toward NAFLD and related terms. Results: The surveys were completed by 895 NAFLD patients (19 countries) and 629 providers (64% GI/hepatologists, 23 countries). Of all patients, 64% ever disclosed having NAFLD to family/friends; the main term used was “fatty liver” (82%) while “metabolic disease” or “MAFLD” were rarely used (never by 88%). 35% of …

Prevalence Of Post-Liver Transplant Complications And Nash-Related Cirrhosis In Postmenopausal Women, Natalia Salinas Parra, Michelle Schafer, Heather M. Ross, John Bruckbauer, Brian Yan, Sarah L. Chen, Adnan Khan Do, Danielle M. Tholey, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal women are at greater risk of developing NAFLD and NASH, two common indications for liver transplantation (LT). We aim to determine the prevalence of NASH-related cirrhosis in postmenopausal women from a cohort of LT patients and investigate their post-LT complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chart review of 1200 LT patients from 2002-2020 was performed. Postmenopausal women were defined as women over 51 and compared to a control group of men over 51. Prevalence of LT indications was determined. Subgroup analysis assessed cardiovascular disease risk. BMI and ASCVD risk scores were calculated at the …

Increasing Utilization Of The Fib-4 Score To Improve Appropriate Nafld Consultation, Fanny Stampfli Silva, Teayoung Kim, Omar Masarweh, Stephanie Lopez Orizondo, Mohammed Rahhal, Feras Al-Moussally

North Florida Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Review Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Kevan Josloff, Jacob Beiriger, Adnan Khan, Richard J. Gawel, Richard S. Kirby, Aaron Kendrick, Abhinav K. Rao, Roy Wang, Michelle Schafer, Margaret Pearce, Kashyap Chauhan, Yash B. Shah, Gregary D. Marhefka, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a growing global phenomenon, and its damaging effects in terms of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are becoming more apparent. NAFLD is estimated to affect around one quarter of the world population and is often comorbid with other metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we examine the current evidence describing the many ways that NAFLD itself increases CVD risk. We also discuss the emerging and complex biochemical relationship between NAFLD and its common comorbid conditions, and how they coalesce to increase CVD risk. With NAFLD's rising …

Accuracy Of Noninvasive Diagnostic Tests For The Detection Of Significant And Advanced Fibrosis Stages In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Literature Review Of The Us Studies, Dhaval Gosalia, Vlad Ratziu, Filip Stanicic, Djurdja Vukicevic, Vladimir Zah, Nadege Gunn, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio, Tram Tran

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: The purpose of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to evaluate the accuracy of noninvasive diagnostic tools in detecting significant or advanced (F2/F3) fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) in the US healthcare context.

Methods: The SLR was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, with an additional hand search of public domains and citations, in line with the PRISMA statement. The study included US-based original research on diagnostic test sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Results: Twenty studies were included in qualitative evidence synthesis. Imaging techniques with the highest diagnostic accuracy in F2/F3 detection and differentiation were magnetic …

Risk Prevention And Health Promotion For Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (Nafld), Adnan Khan, Do, Heather Ross, Natali Salinas, Sarah Chen, Kashyap Chauhan, Makala Wang, Brian Yan, Ba, John Magagna, Jacob Beiriger, Yash Shah, Taha Shahzad, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio, Md

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious clinicopathological condition that is recognized as the most frequent chronic liver disease, affecting 14%-30% of the world’s population. The prevalence of NAFLD has rapidly grown and is correlated with the growth in obesity and type 2 diabetes, among other factors. NAFLD often results in long-term complications including cardiovascular disease, liver cirrhosis, and liver fibrosis. This paper provides an updated overview of NAFLD with a focus on epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, screening, complications, and pharmacological therapies to identify effective risk prevention and health promotion.

The Diagnostic Role Of Cytokeratin 8/18 Immunohistochemical Marker For Lean Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, P Telli, M Buyuk, Nazli Begum Ozturk, Z Istemihan, K Nuriyev, A Atasoy, B Cavus, A Cifcibasi Ormeci, U Akyuz, K Demir

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Introduction

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases. NAFLD spectrum begins from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Although most NAFLD patients are overweight and obese, 30% are lean. We analyzed lean and non-lean NAFLD patients’ liver biopsies for cytokeratin 8/18 immunohistochemical staining differences.

Aims & Methods

Thirty biopsy-proven NAFLD patients (15 patients with BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, 15 patients with BMI > 25 kg/m2) were included in the study. Demographic, biochemical, and histologic features of the patients were recorded. Biopsy specimens from our archive were …

Assessment Of Predictive Factors Of Hepatic Steatosis Diagnosed By Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography (Vcte) In Chronic Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients, Singh Y, Gogtay M, Gurung S, Trivedi N, Abraham Gm

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors of moderate/severe hepatic steatosis diagnosed by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE). It included 158 adult patients with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by VCTE in an outpatient setting of a community-based teaching hospital. Patients with significant alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive use, hepatitis B disease, autoimmune hepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis were excluded. Steatosis was categorized as S0-S1 (mild) and S2-S3 (moderate/severe) based on the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) score. Results demonstrated the mean values of BMI (p=0.001), kiloPascals [kPa] (fibrosis) raw score (p=0.009), obesity (p=0.001), diabetes mellitus [DM] (p=0.014), …

Efficacy Of Weight Reduction On Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Opportunities To Improve Treatment Outcomes Through Pharmacotherapy., Chance S. Friesen, Chelsea Hosey-Cojocari, Sherwin S. Chan, Iván L. Csanaky, Jonathan B. Wagner, Brooke Sweeney, Alec Friesen, Jason D. Fraser, Valentina Shakhnovich

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Obesity is the single greatest risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Without intervention, most pediatric patients with NAFLD continue to gain excessive weight, making early, effective weight loss intervention key for disease treatment and prevention of NAFLD progression. Unfortunately, outside of a closely monitored research setting, which is not representative of the real world, lifestyle modification success for weight loss in children is low. Bariatric surgery, though effective, is invasive and can worsen NAFLD postoperatively. Thus, there is an evolving and underutilized role for pharmacotherapy in children, both for weight reduction and NAFLD management. In this perspective article, …

Macrophage-Derived Thrombospondin 1 Promotes Obesity-Associated Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Taesik Gwag, Raja Gopal Reddy Mooli, Dong Li, Sangderk Lee, Eun Young Lee, Shuxia Wang

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) is a multifunctional matricellular protein. We previously showed that TSP1 has an important role in obesity-associated metabolic complications, including inflammation, insulin resistance, cardiovascular, and renal disease. However, its contribution to obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD or NASH) remains largely unknown; thus, we aimed to determine its role.

Methods

High-fat diet or AMLN (amylin liver NASH) diet-induced obese and insulin-resistant NAFLD/NASH mouse models were utilised, in addition to tissue-specific Tsp1-knockout mice, to determine the contribution of different cellular sources of obesity-induced TSP1 to NAFLD/NASH development.

Results

Liver TSP1 levels were increased in experimental obese …

Evolving Role For Pharmacotherapy In Nafld/Nash, Suzanna L. Attia, Samir Softic, Marialena Mouzaki

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent, dynamic disease that occurs across the age spectrum and can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There are currently no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatments for NAFLD; however, this is a field of active research. This review summarizes emerging pharmacotherapies for the treatment of adult and pediatric NAFLD. Investigated pharmacotherapies predominantly target bile acid signaling, insulin resistance, and lipid handling within the liver. Three drugs have gone on to phase III trials for which results are available. Of those, obeticholic acid is the single agent that demonstrates promise …

Factors Regulating Features Of Metabolic Syndrome, Sonja S. Pijut

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

The collective presence of central obesity, low HDL-cholesterol, and elevated triglycerides, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose constitutes Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a disease state that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), present in up to 90% of obese adults, is also linked to MetS. As in CVD, disruptions in cholesterol metabolism play a contributing role in the development of T2DM and NAFLD. Genes involved in cholesterol synthesis, secretion, and catabolism are diurnally regulated in the liver and adipose. Disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle are thought to potentiate metabolic …

Identification Of Putative Receptors For The Novel Adipokine Ctrp3 Using Ligand-Receptor Capture Technology, Ying Li, Tammy Ozment, Gary L. Wright, Jonathan M. Peterson

ETSU Faculty Works

C1q TNF Related Protein 3 (CTRP3) is a member of a family of secreted proteins that exert a multitude of biological effects. Our initial work identified CTRP3’s promise as an effective treatment for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Specifically, we demonstrated that mice fed a high fat diet failed to develop NAFLD when treated with CTRP3. The purpose of this current project is to identify putative receptors which mediate the hepatic actions of CTRP3.

Methods

We used Ligand-receptor glycocapture technology with TriCEPS™-based ligand-receptor capture (LRC-TriCEPS; Dualsystems Biotech AG). The LRC-TriCEPS experiment with CTRP3-FLAG protein as ligand and insulin as a …

Incidence And Factors Associated With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ani K. John

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most common hepatic diseases worldwide, making the diagnosis and management of NAFLD an emerging public health issue. Theories associated with NAFLD surmise that inflammation may be the root cause, along with the complex interplay of other chronic conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is unknown if other inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), along with the use of methotrexate (MTX), might confer increased risk for NAFLD. Longitudinal data collected from a retrospective cohort of 17,481 adult RA patients in the United States …

Are We Ready For A New Epidemic Of Under Recognized Liver Disease In South Asia Especially In Pakistan? Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Om Parkash, Saeed Hamid

Section of Gastroenterology

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as an important public health problem nowadays. NAFLD encompass a variety of liver pathologies including simple steatosis, NASH, fibrosis, cirrhosis and finally cancer. It is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidaemia, Insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. It is the most common chronic liver disease in USA and considered to be increasing in Asia Pacific region including South Asia however there is no community based study from Pakistan. Customarily NAFLD had been regarded as a benign disease; however clinical as well as epidemiological studies had contradicted this belief because approximately 20% …