Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Promise Of Novel Molecular Markers In Bladder Cancer, Jahan Miremami, Natasha Kyprianou

Urology Faculty Publications

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in the US and is associated with the highest cost per patient. A high likelihood of recurrence, mandating stringent surveillance protocols, has made the development of urinary markers a focus of intense pursuit with the hope of decreasing the burden this disease places on patients and the healthcare system. To date, routine use of markers is not recommended for screening or diagnosis. Interests include the development of a single urinary marker that can be used in place of or as an adjunct to current screening and surveillance techniques, as well identifying a …

Kallikrein Family Proteases Klk6 And Klk7 Are Potential Early Detection And Diagnostic Biomarkers For Serous And Papillary Serous Ovarian Cancer Subtypes., Ayala Tamir, Ushma Jag, Sreeja Sarojini, Craig Schindewolf, Takemi Tanaka, Rajendra Gharbaran, Hiren Patel, Anil Sood, Wei Hu, Ruzeen Patwa, Patrick Blake, Polina Chirina, Jin Oh Jeong, Heejin Lim, Andre Goy, Andrew Pecora, K Stephen Suh

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Early detection of ovarian cancer remains a challenge due to widespread metastases and a lack of biomarkers for early-stage disease. This study was conducted to identify relevant biomarkers for both laparoscopic and serum diagnostics in ovarian cancer.

METHODS: Bioinformatics analysis and expression screening in ovarian cancer cell lines were employed. Selected biomarkers were further validated in bio-specimens of diverse cancer types and ovarian cancer subtypes. For non-invasive detection, biomarker proteins were evaluated in serum samples from ovarian cancer patients.

RESULTS: Two kallikrein (KLK) serine protease family members (KLK6 and KLK7) were found to be significantly overexpressed relative to normal …

Blood Levels Of S-100 Calcium-Binding Protein B, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, And Interleukin-6 For Changes In Depressive Symptom Severity After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Prospective Cohort Nested Within A Randomized, Controlled Trial, Daniel M. Pearlman, Jeremiah R. R. Brown, Todd A. Mackenzie, Felix Hernandez, Souhel Najjar

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Cross-sectional and retrospective studies have associated major depressive disorder with glial activation and injury as well as blood–brain barrier disruption, but these associations have not been assessed prospectively. Here, we aimed to determine the relationship between changes in depressive symptom severity and in blood levels of S-100 calcium- binding protein B (S-100B), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 following an inflammatory challenge.

Methods: Fifty unselected participants were recruited from a randomized, controlled trial comparing coronary artery bypass grafting procedures performed with versus without cardiopulmonary bypass for the risk of neurocognitive decline. Depressive symptom severity was measured at baseline, discharge, and …

Visualization-Aided Classification Ensembles Discriminate Lung Adenocarcinoma And Squamous Cell Carcinoma Samples Using Their Gene Expression Profiles, Ao Zhang, Chi Wang, Shiji Wang, Liang Li, Zhongmin Liu, Suyan Tian

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The widespread application of microarray experiments to cancer research is astounding including lung cancer, one of the most common fatal human tumors. Among non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), there are two major histological types of NSCLC, adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

RESULTS: In this paper, we proposed to integrate a visualization method called Radial Coordinate Visualization (Radviz) with a suitable classifier, aiming at discriminating two NSCLC subtypes using patients' gene expression profiles. Our analyses on simulated data and a real microarray dataset show that combining with a classification method, Radviz may play a role in …

Rationale And Design Of The Guide-It Study: Guiding Evidence Based Therapy Using Biomarker Intensified Treatment In Heart Failure., G. Michael Felker, Tariq Ahmad, Kevin J. Anstrom, Kirkwood F. Adams, Lawton S. Cooper, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Mona Fiuzat, Nancy Houston-Miller, James L. Januzzi, Eric S. Leifer, Daniel B. Mark, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Gayle Paynter, Ileana L. Piña, David J. Whellan, Christopher M. O'Connor

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: The GUIDE-IT (Guiding Evidence Based Therapy Using Biomarker Intensified Treatment in Heart Failure) study is designed to determine the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of a strategy of adjusting therapy with the goal of achieving and maintaining a target N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level of

BACKGROUND: Elevations in natriuretic peptide (NP) levels provide key prognostic information in patients with HF. Therapies proven to improve outcomes in patients with HF are generally associated with decreasing levels of NPs, and observational data show that decreases in NP levels over time are associated with favorable outcomes. Results from smaller prospective, randomized studies …

Investigation Of Rice Bran Derived Anti-Cancer Pentapeptide For Mechanistic Potency In Breast Cancer Cell Models, Ruiqi Li

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Bioactive peptides derived from food sources with anti-proliferative properties against cancer have drawn more attention in recent years. A pentapeptide derived from rice bran has shown anti-proliferative propertiesagainst human breast cancer cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanistic action of the pentapeptide-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cell models (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The growth inhibition activity of the pentapeptide was

evaluated by MTS[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3- arboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt] assayand trypan blue assay in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

The apoptotic properties of pentapeptide-induced apoptosis on cancerous breast cells were evaluated by morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, and caspases-3/7, -8,and -9 …

Evidence For Aberrant Astrocyte Hemichannel Activity In Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Jncl)., Maria Burkovetskaya, Nikolay Karpuk, Juan Xiong, Megan Bosch, Michael D. Boska, Hideyuki Takeuchi, Akio Suzumura, Tammy Kielian

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Juvenile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (JNCL) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in CLN3 that leads to vision loss, progressive cognitive and motor decline, and premature death. Morphological evidence of astrocyte activation occurs early in the disease process and coincides with regions where neuronal loss eventually ensues. However, the consequences of CLN3 mutation on astrocyte function remain relatively ill-defined. Astrocytes play a critical role in CNS homeostasis, in part, by their ability to regulate the extracellular milieu via the formation of extensive syncytial networks coupled by gap junction (GJ) channels. In contrast, unopposed hemichannels (HCs) have …

Functional Proteomic Analysis Reveals The Involvement Of Kiaa1199 In Breast Cancer Growth, Motility And Invasiveness., Mohammad-Saeid Jami, Jinxuan Hou, Miao Liu, M L. Varney, Hesham Hassan, Jixin Dong, Liying Geng, J. Wang, Fang Yu, Xin Huang, Hong Peng, Kai Fu, Yan Li, Rakesh Singh, Shi-Jian Ding

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

BACKGROUND: KIAA1199 is a recently identified novel gene that is up-regulated in human cancer with poor survival. Our proteomic study on signaling polarity in chemotactic cells revealed KIAA1199 as a novel protein target that may be involved in cellular chemotaxis and motility. In the present study, we examined the functional significance of KIAA1199 expression in breast cancer growth, motility and invasiveness.

METHODS: We validated the previous microarray observation by tissue microarray immunohistochemistry using a TMA slide containing 12 breast tumor tissue cores and 12 corresponding normal tissues. We performed the shRNA-mediated knockdown of KIAA1199 in MDA-MB-231 and HS578T cells to …

Maternal Biomarkers Of Endothelial Dysfunction And Preterm Delivery, Xinhua Chen, Theresa O Scholl

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction is key to the development of atherosclerosis. Preterm delivery foreshadows later maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD), but it is not known if endothelial dysfunction also occurs. We prospectively measured circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in pregnant women with preterm or term delivery.

METHODS: We conducted a case-control study nested within a large prospective epidemiological study of young, generally healthy pregnant women. Women who delivered preterm (gestation, n = 240) and controls who delivered at term (n = 439) were included. Pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia were analyzed separately. Circulating endothelial dysfunction biomarkers included soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular …

Serum Concentrations Of The Biomarkers Ca125, Ca15-3, Ca72-4, Tpsa And Papp-A In Natural And Stimulated Ovarian Cycles, Melissa J. Stemp, Peter Roberts, Allison Mcclements, Vincent Chapple, Jay Natalwala, Michael L. Black, Phillip L. Matson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: Biomarkers associated with cancer screening (CA125, CA15-3, CA72-4, total prostate specific antigen [tPSA]) and the monitoring of pregnancy (pregnancy associated plasma protein-A [PAPP-A]) were measured during natural and stimulated ovarian cycles in disease-free non-pregnant women to determine if they could reflect normal events relating to ovulation and/or endometrial changes. Methods: A total of 73 blood samples (10 women) collected throughout the natural menstrual cycle, and 64 blood samples (11 women) taken during stimulated ovarian cycles, were analysed on the Roche Cobas e411 automated analyser. Results: Detectable levels of tPSA were measured in at least one point in the cycle …