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Fungsi Ginjal Dan Kematian Akibat Sindrom Koroner Akut, Eka Ginanjar Dec 2016

Fungsi Ginjal Dan Kematian Akibat Sindrom Koroner Akut, Eka Ginanjar

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Penyakit kardiovaskuler merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia. World Health Organization (WHO) melaporkan 17,5 juta orang meninggal akibat penyakit kardiovaskuler pada tahun 2012, atau diperkirakan 3 dari 10 kematian terjadi akibat penyakit jantung.


Correlation Of Forced Expiratory Volume In 1 Second Prediction With Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure Using Echocardiography In Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Munadi Munadi, M. Yamin, Anna Ujainah, Cleopas Martin Rumende Dec 2016

Correlation Of Forced Expiratory Volume In 1 Second Prediction With Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure Using Echocardiography In Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Munadi Munadi, M. Yamin, Anna Ujainah, Cleopas Martin Rumende

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Factors Related To Diagnosis Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In The Elderly, Elza Febria Sari, C. Martin Rumende, Kuntjoro Harimurti Dec 2016

Factors Related To Diagnosis Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In The Elderly, Elza Febria Sari, C. Martin Rumende, Kuntjoro Harimurti

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the elderly remains a clinical challenge for various reasons. The clinical manifestation in the elderly is not frank and atypical manifestations, e.g. falls, decrease of functional status and food intake or urinary incontinence, may be present. These reasons may be associated with under or over diagnosis, which consequently contribute to the higher observed mortality rate in the elderly population with CAP. Study about factors related to diagnosis of CAP in the elderly was ra rely performed.

Methods. From January to October 2010, 158 elderly patients suspected of having pneumonia at RSCM were registered. Relationship …


Auto Immune Hemolytic Anemia (Aiha) Patients Profile And Treatment Response To Corticosteroids In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Wulyo Rajabto, Djumhana Atmakusuma, Siti Setiati Dec 2016

Auto Immune Hemolytic Anemia (Aiha) Patients Profile And Treatment Response To Corticosteroids In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Wulyo Rajabto, Djumhana Atmakusuma, Siti Setiati

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Correlation Of Frailty Status With Influenza Vaccine Seroconversion And Seroprotection Among Elderly Population, Sukamto Koesnoe, Ummu Habibah, Edy Rizal Wahyudi, Murdani Abdullah Dec 2016

Correlation Of Frailty Status With Influenza Vaccine Seroconversion And Seroprotection Among Elderly Population, Sukamto Koesnoe, Ummu Habibah, Edy Rizal Wahyudi, Murdani Abdullah

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Diagnosis And Treatment Of Acquired Hemophilia A (Aha) With Bullous Pemphigoid, Rasco Sandy Sihombing, Henry Ratno Diono Silalahi, Hamzah Shatri, Lugyanti Sukrisman, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Findy Prasetyawati, Endy Novianto, Em Yunir Dec 2016

Diagnosis And Treatment Of Acquired Hemophilia A (Aha) With Bullous Pemphigoid, Rasco Sandy Sihombing, Henry Ratno Diono Silalahi, Hamzah Shatri, Lugyanti Sukrisman, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Findy Prasetyawati, Endy Novianto, Em Yunir

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Prevention Of Hepatitis B Vertical Transmission: Focus On Antenatal Antiviral Administration, Anandhara Indriani Khumaedi, Rino Alvani Gani, Irsan Hasan Dec 2016

Prevention Of Hepatitis B Vertical Transmission: Focus On Antenatal Antiviral Administration, Anandhara Indriani Khumaedi, Rino Alvani Gani, Irsan Hasan

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (Egfr) As An In-Hospital Mortality Predictor In Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients In Iccu, Esthika Dewiasty, Idrus Alwi, Dharmeizar Dharmeizar, Kuntjoro Harimurti Dec 2016

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (Egfr) As An In-Hospital Mortality Predictor In Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients In Iccu, Esthika Dewiasty, Idrus Alwi, Dharmeizar Dharmeizar, Kuntjoro Harimurti

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Bone Mass Density In Hiv/Aids Patients, Nadia Ayu Mulansari, Nanang Sukmana, Bambang Setyohadi, Siti Setiati Dec 2016

Bone Mass Density In Hiv/Aids Patients, Nadia Ayu Mulansari, Nanang Sukmana, Bambang Setyohadi, Siti Setiati

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


The Difference Of C-Reactive Protein Levels In Acute Fever Causedby Dengue And Typhoid Infections, Adeputri Tanesha Idhayu, Lie Khie Chen, Suhendro Suhendro Sep 2016

The Difference Of C-Reactive Protein Levels In Acute Fever Causedby Dengue And Typhoid Infections, Adeputri Tanesha Idhayu, Lie Khie Chen, Suhendro Suhendro

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Dengue infection and typhoid fever are endemic disease in Indonesia. But in the early days of onset sometimes it is difficult to distinguish them. A simple modality test is needed to support the diagnosis. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an affordable, fast and relatively less expensive diagnostic tool to diagnose the causes of acute fever. This study was aimed to determine the differences of CRP level in the acute febrile caused by dengue infection or typhoid fever. Methods. A cross sectional study has been conducted among acute febrile patients with diagnosis of dengue fever/ dengue hemorrhagic fever or typhoid fever …


Change Of Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein And Soluble Vascularcell Adhesion Molecule-1 Concentrations In Hemodialysispatients With Reprocessed Dialyzer, Pringgodigdo Nugroho, Aida Lydia, Marulam Mp Panggabean Sep 2016

Change Of Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein And Soluble Vascularcell Adhesion Molecule-1 Concentrations In Hemodialysispatients With Reprocessed Dialyzer, Pringgodigdo Nugroho, Aida Lydia, Marulam Mp Panggabean

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. In addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as inflammation were also involved. Reprocessed dialyzer has been showed to induce less inflammation than new dialyzer, but data in diacetate cellulose membrane have not been presented. Methods. Twenty hemodialysis (HD) patients were enrolled. Pre and post study design was conducted to know post dialysis concentration changes of interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) at reuse 0, 5 and 10. Patients were recruited if medically stable, on …


Benarkah Dialiser Proses Ulang Memicu Inflamasi?, Suhardjono Suhardjono Sep 2016

Benarkah Dialiser Proses Ulang Memicu Inflamasi?, Suhardjono Suhardjono

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Predictors Of Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adult Hemophiliapatients In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Findy Prasetyawaty, Lugyanti Sukrisman, Bambang Setyohadi Sep 2016

Predictors Of Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adult Hemophiliapatients In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Findy Prasetyawaty, Lugyanti Sukrisman, Bambang Setyohadi

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Currently, one of the main focus of hemophilia treatment is to increase health-related quality of life. Due to financial constraints, factor VIII substitution is used only on demand in Indonesia, which might contribute to musculoskeletal complications and affect the quality of life of adult hemophilia patients. This study aimed to evaluate quality of life of adult hemophilic patients and its related factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study on hemophilia patients aged 18 years or older was conducted at the Hematology-Medical Oncology outpatient clinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta from March to May 2012. The radiologic assessment for arthropathy used the Arnold-Hilgartner …


The Role Of Hydration And N-Acetyl Cysteine Combination In 48hours Contrast-Induced Nephropaty After Percutaneous Coronaryintervention In Stage Three Chronic Kidney Disease Patients, Lydia D. Simatupang, Endang Susalit, Ika Prasetya Wijaya Sep 2016

The Role Of Hydration And N-Acetyl Cysteine Combination In 48hours Contrast-Induced Nephropaty After Percutaneous Coronaryintervention In Stage Three Chronic Kidney Disease Patients, Lydia D. Simatupang, Endang Susalit, Ika Prasetya Wijaya

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is common in stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. While there is no cure for CIN and some cases are fatal for the kidney or even life, it is preventable. Eventhough controversial, hydration and N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) are modalities to prevent CIN. Not having a certain guideline to prevent CIN in Integrated Cardiac Services (ICS) Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital for PCI patients generates interest to study it. Methods. A prospective cohort is conducted to evaluate plasma creatinine before and 48 hours after PCI, meanwhile recording whom is given combined hydration …


The Effect Of Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use On Frailtysyndrome In Elderly Patients, Stephanie Dewi, Purwita W. Laksmi, Ari Fahrial Syam Sep 2016

The Effect Of Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use On Frailtysyndrome In Elderly Patients, Stephanie Dewi, Purwita W. Laksmi, Ari Fahrial Syam

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Frailty syndrome, the newest elderly health predictor, associated with higher morbidity and mortality. PPI are often used in elderly due to presence of upper gastrointestinal complaints, and relates with polypharmacy as one of the risk factor for frailty syndrome. There is no study of the relationship between long term PPI use and frailty syndrome in elderly. Methods. A case control study included subjects 60 years and above with good cognitive status. All subjects with history of hypersensitivity of PPI were excluded. Elderly who were frail based on FI-40 item were defined as cases, while individuals that were not frail …


Diagnostic Approach And Treatment Of Instestinal Tuberculosis, Artati Murwaningrum, Murdani Abdullah, Dadang Makmun Sep 2016

Diagnostic Approach And Treatment Of Instestinal Tuberculosis, Artati Murwaningrum, Murdani Abdullah, Dadang Makmun

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Tuberculosis (TB) has become a resurgent global problem with increasing numbers of patients. TB infection is still common and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in underdeveloped and developing nations. Intestinal tuberculosis (intestinal TB) rates are rising, consistet with the overall trend. In 2014 Indonesia has the second highest TB prevalence in South East Asia after Timor Leste. Intestinal TB is the sixth highest manifestation of extrapulmonal TB. Manifestations can be non-specific and mimic many conditions, including malignancies causes’ intestinal TB diagnosis more difficult to be accurately determined. Findings from endoscopy and radiological imaging are countless, and …


Factors Related To Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Inhiv Patients, Dwi Rahayu Nlp, Teguh H. Karjadi, Erni J. Nelwan Sep 2016

Factors Related To Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Inhiv Patients, Dwi Rahayu Nlp, Teguh H. Karjadi, Erni J. Nelwan

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Increase access towards antiretroviral therapy (ART) contribute to global decrease of HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. Time to initiation of ART in eligible HIV-infected patients is associated with reduction in mortality and morbidity. Delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy can lead to increased of mortality rate more than 10% compare to early initiation. Methods. This study was a cross sectional study among adult HIV patients in Out-patient Clinic of HIV Integrated Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital who started ARV therapy for the first time (ART-naïve patients) enrolled from January 2013 to December 2014. The data were extracted from medical records to …


Diagnostic And Treatment Problems Of Primary Sclerosingcholangitis, Rezky Aulia Nurleili, Intan Airlina F, Anna Mira Lubis Sep 2016

Diagnostic And Treatment Problems Of Primary Sclerosingcholangitis, Rezky Aulia Nurleili, Intan Airlina F, Anna Mira Lubis

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease with high incidence reported in America (1/100.000 population), but there is still no data available in Indonesia. The best management of this disease is still not found. Thus, in this article author will discuss about the case of PSC in 49-years male patients hospitalized in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital Jakarta and its treatment.


Five-Year Survival In Patients With 3-Vessels Coronary Arterydisease And Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Coronary Arterybypass Graft, Coronary Percutaneus Intervention, Or Receivingpharmacological Therapy In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Andreas Arie Setiawan, Marulam Panggabean, M Yamin, Siti Setiati Jun 2016

Five-Year Survival In Patients With 3-Vessels Coronary Arterydisease And Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Coronary Arterybypass Graft, Coronary Percutaneus Intervention, Or Receivingpharmacological Therapy In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Andreas Arie Setiawan, Marulam Panggabean, M Yamin, Siti Setiati

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Revascularization results in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease involving 3 vessels (CAD 3VD) undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) are better compared with those undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or medical therapy. However, CABG is not always done despite being recommended in accordance with Syntax Score because some patients unwilling to undergo CABG or PCI . This trial determined whether the choice of revascularization affect 5-years survival. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study with survival analysis to examine the 5-years survival rate of CAD 3VD DM patients undergoing CABG, PCI, or medical therapy. The …


The Correlation Of Depression Level With Tumor Necrosis Factoralpha (Tnf-Α) Concentration In Uncontrolled Bronchial Asthmapatients, Muhammad Ali Apriansyah, Rudi Putranto, Eddy Mart Salim, Hamzah Shatri Jun 2016

The Correlation Of Depression Level With Tumor Necrosis Factoralpha (Tnf-Α) Concentration In Uncontrolled Bronchial Asthmapatients, Muhammad Ali Apriansyah, Rudi Putranto, Eddy Mart Salim, Hamzah Shatri

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Depression occurs at high rates in people with chronic diseases, including bronchial asthma, with the prevalence of depression approaches 50% in tertiary care asthma clinic. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is known to play a critical role in the pathogenic mechanism of a number of chronic inflammatory disease, including bronchial asthma and depression. There has not been any research data on the subject in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between depressive level and TNF-α level in uncontrolled bronchial asthma. Methods. This was a cross sectional study conducted in 40 patients with uncontrolled bronchial …


Hyper-Ige Syndrome With Bullous Pemphigoid And Esophagealstricture, Laras Budiyani, Adeputri Tanesha Idayu, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Alvina Widhani Jun 2016

Hyper-Ige Syndrome With Bullous Pemphigoid And Esophagealstricture, Laras Budiyani, Adeputri Tanesha Idayu, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Alvina Widhani

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Laras


Hiperimunoglobulin E, Atopi Dan Hiv, Evy Yunihastuti Jun 2016

Hiperimunoglobulin E, Atopi Dan Hiv, Evy Yunihastuti

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Comparison Of Chemotherapy Regiments Between Cisplatinetoposide And Cisplatin-Docetaxel On 2-Year And Progressionfree Survival In Late-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients, Salman Paris Harahap, Noorwati Sutandyo, Cleopas Martin Rumende, Hamzah Shatri Jun 2016

Comparison Of Chemotherapy Regiments Between Cisplatinetoposide And Cisplatin-Docetaxel On 2-Year And Progressionfree Survival In Late-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients, Salman Paris Harahap, Noorwati Sutandyo, Cleopas Martin Rumende, Hamzah Shatri

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Chemotherapy is one of therapy choices for the advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). The success in therapy is measured with the 1-year survival, 2-year survival and the Progression Free Survival (PFS). The success is influenced by many factors: resistant to the citostatic, dosage, administer intensity, chemotherapy regiment, type histology, stage, performance status, comorbidity and social economic. In Indonesia, funding and chemotherapy regiment become the challenge for the success of therapy. Methods. The study used the Retrospective Cohort study with survival analysis. The Patients included in this study were the advanced NSC Lung Cancer (At least Stadium IIIa) who …


Hiv In Geriatrics, Nur Ainun, Evy Yunihastuti, Arya Govinda Roosheroe Jun 2016

Hiv In Geriatrics, Nur Ainun, Evy Yunihastuti, Arya Govinda Roosheroe

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Through both prolonged survival and late acquisition of the disease, numbers of older adults with HIV are climbing. Along with ageing process is an accumulation of HIV-associated non-AIDS related comorbidities, creating a complex patient group affected by multi-morbidity along with polypharmacy, functional decline and social issues.


The Role Of Duke Treadmill Score As A Predictor Of Coronaryartery Disease In Patients With Positive Treadmill Test Results, Muhammad Ikhsan, Sally Aman Nasution, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Cleopas Martin Rumende Jun 2016

The Role Of Duke Treadmill Score As A Predictor Of Coronaryartery Disease In Patients With Positive Treadmill Test Results, Muhammad Ikhsan, Sally Aman Nasution, Ika Prasetya Wijaya, Cleopas Martin Rumende

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the disease entity that leading cause of morbidity and mortality in worldwide. Treadmill test is part of the diagnostic modality which readily available to assess possibility of narrowing coronary artery and guiding us whether we need for the further investigation. Despite of that, treadmill test has limitation in diagnostic accuracy. Duke Treadmill Score (DTS) was also tested as a diagnostic score, and shown to predict significant CAD better than the ST-segment response alone. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study performed in adult patients with stable CAD that underwent treadmill test and coronary …


Prevalence And Predictors Of Atopy In Hiv/Aids Patients, Jimmy Tesiman, Heru Sundaru, Teguh H. Karjadi, Siti Setiati Jun 2016

Prevalence And Predictors Of Atopy In Hiv/Aids Patients, Jimmy Tesiman, Heru Sundaru, Teguh H. Karjadi, Siti Setiati

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. HIV infection attacks the center of immune control system resulting opportunistic infection, malignancy and death. Immune system dysregulation plays the central role in the progression of the disease. Some studies reported that HIV-infected patient prone to have allergic disease such as sinusitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis. Elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and increased prevalence of atopy had also been reported in HIV-infected patient. Methods. A cross sectional study was performed in 92 HIV-infected persons and 90 non-HIV persons. Atopy diagnosis was based on immediate hypersensitivity to six common aeroallergen using skin prick test. CD4 cell count, total serum immunoglobulin …


Diagnostic Value And The Role Of Inferior Vena Cava Diametercollapsibility Index To Evaluate Dry Weight In Hemodialysispatients, Muhammad Artisto Adi Yussac, Dharmeizar Dharmeizar, Murdani Abdullah, Dono Antono, Muhadi Muhadi Jun 2016

Diagnostic Value And The Role Of Inferior Vena Cava Diametercollapsibility Index To Evaluate Dry Weight In Hemodialysispatients, Muhammad Artisto Adi Yussac, Dharmeizar Dharmeizar, Murdani Abdullah, Dono Antono, Muhadi Muhadi

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. In daily clinical practice, fluid status in Hemodialysis (HD) patients is well correlated with dry weight calculation. Dry weight calculation is commonly practiced by clinical observation, which is not accurate. Because of these, few methods has been suggested to calculate the dry weight non-invasively. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is widely available in overseas but not readily available in all dialysis center in Indonesia, while inferior vena cava diameter is a relatively inexpensive method, and readily available in all dialysis center because it can be performed with ultrasonography (USG) instrument. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in a group of …


The Difference In Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori Infectionbetween Chinese And Dayak Ethnics With Dyspepsia Syndrome, Willy Brodus Uwan, Ari Fahrial Syam, C. Rinaldi A. Lesmana, C Martin Rumende Mar 2016

The Difference In Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori Infectionbetween Chinese And Dayak Ethnics With Dyspepsia Syndrome, Willy Brodus Uwan, Ari Fahrial Syam, C. Rinaldi A. Lesmana, C Martin Rumende

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection risk is associated with many factors related to host-agent-environment. Ethnicity is one of the host factors which was the most studied factor overseas. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was found higher in certain ethnic such among Chinese. Based on migration and transmission theory, it was suspected that H. pylori infection was transmitted by people migrating from areas with a high prevalence of infection to the destination area. Chinese in West Borneo are originated from South China region where the prevalence of H. pylori infection is high. It is estimated that there are differences …


Elderly Mistreatment: Risk Factors And Therapy, Ummi Ulfah Madina, Noto Dwimartutie Mar 2016

Elderly Mistreatment: Risk Factors And Therapy, Ummi Ulfah Madina, Noto Dwimartutie

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Elderly mistreatment is a preventable serious health problem that lowering older adults quality of life. Elderly mistreatment can be done by the caregiver or even the patient himself, regardless the intention. Meanwhile, defining an elderly mistreatment is still a challenge due to varied risk factors and cultural differences in each country. Those conditions result in challenges in identifying and managing elderly mistreatment. This review will also discuss screening modalities to identify elderly who is at risk or currently abused to prevent and manage elderly mistreatment properly.


Correlation Between Spiritual Aspect And Serum Interleukin-6level In Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Wika Hanida, E Mudjaddid, Habibah Hanum Nasution, Hamzah Shatri Mar 2016

Correlation Between Spiritual Aspect And Serum Interleukin-6level In Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Wika Hanida, E Mudjaddid, Habibah Hanum Nasution, Hamzah Shatri

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Holistic approach in psychosomatic focus on spirituality factor and spiritual support is expected to improve services and psychological condition of the patients. Inflammatory response during hemodialisis procedure hence increased with the evidence of increasing level of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6). Further research is still needed to see the spiritual factors that can decrease the inflammatory factors. Methods. Cross sectional study on 51 chronic hemodialisis patients at RSUP. H. Adam Malik and RSU dr. Pirngadi Medan between July-August 2014. Serum IL-6 was measured using quantitative enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Blood samples and spiritual aspect assessment by handing out FACIT …