Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Exome Sequencing Identifies Gene Variants And Networks Associated With Extreme Respiratory Outcomes Following Preterm Birth, Aaron Hamvas, Rui Feng, Yingtao Bi, Fan Wang, Soumyaroop Bhattacharya, Jared Mereness, Madhurima Kaushal, C Michael Cotten, Philip L Ballard, Thomas J Mariani

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have identified genetic variants associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm infants. However, findings with genome-wide significance have been rare, and not replicated. We hypothesized that whole exome sequencing (WES) of premature subjects with extremely divergent phenotypic outcomes could facilitate the identification of genetic variants or gene networks contributing disease risk.

RESULTS: The Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program (PROP) recruited a cohort of > 765 extremely preterm infants for the identification of markers of respiratory morbidity. We completed WES on 146 PROP subjects (85 affected, 61 unaffected) representing extreme phenotypes of early respiratory morbidity. We tested for …

Effect Of Aspirin On Cardiovascular Events And Bleeding In The Healthy Elderly, John J Mcneil, Rory Wolfe, Robyn L Woods, Andrew M Tonkin, Geoffrey A Donnan, Mark R Nelson, Christopher M Reid, Jessica E Lockery, Brenda Kirpach, Elsdon Storey, Raj C Shah, Jeff D Williamson, Karen L Margolis, Michael E Ernst, Walter P Abhayaratna, Nigel Stocks, Sharyn M Fitzgerald, Suzanne G Orchard, Ruth E Trevaks, Lawrence J Beilin, Colin I Johnston, Joanne Ryan, Barbara Radziszewska, Michael Jelinek, Mobin Malik, Charles B Eaton, Donna Brauer, Geoff Cloud, Erica M Wood, Suzanne E Mahady, Suzanne Satterfield, Richard Grimm, Anne M Murray

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Aspirin is a well-established therapy for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. However, its role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is unclear, especially in older persons, who have an increased risk.

METHODS: From 2010 through 2014, we enrolled community-dwelling men and women in Australia and the United States who were 70 years of age or older (or ≥65 years of age among blacks and Hispanics in the United States) and did not have cardiovascular disease, dementia, or disability. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg of enteric-coated aspirin or placebo. The primary end point was a …

Effect Of Aspirin On All-Cause Mortality In The Healthy Elderly, John J Mcneil, Mark R Nelson, Robyn L Woods, Jessica E Lockery, Rory Wolfe, Christopher M Reid, Brenda Kirpach, Raj C Shah, Diane G Ives, Elsdon Storey, Joanne Ryan, Andrew M Tonkin, Anne B Newman, Jeff D Williamson, Karen L Margolis, Michael E Ernst, Walter P Abhayaratna, Nigel Stocks, Sharyn M Fitzgerald, Suzanne G Orchard, Ruth E Trevaks, Lawrence J Beilin, Geoffrey A Donnan, Peter Gibbs, Colin I Johnston, Barbara Radziszewska, Richard Grimm, Anne M Murray

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: In the primary analysis of the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial, now published in the Journal, we report that the daily use of aspirin did not provide a benefit with regard to the primary end point of disability-free survival among older adults. A numerically higher rate of the secondary end point of death from any cause was observed with aspirin than with placebo.

METHODS: From 2010 through 2014, we enrolled community-dwelling persons in Australia and the United States who were 70 years of age or older (or ≥65 years of age among blacks and Hispanics …

Effect Of Aspirin On Disability-Free Survival In The Healthy Elderly, John J Mcneil, Robyn L Woods, Mark R Nelson, Christopher M Reid, Brenda Kirpach, Rory Wolfe, Elsdon Storey, Raj C Shah, Jessica E Lockery, Andrew M Tonkin, Anne B Newman, Jeff D Williamson, Karen L Margolis, Michael E Ernst, Walter P Abhayaratna, Nigel Stocks, Sharyn M Fitzgerald, Suzanne G Orchard, Ruth E Trevaks, Lawrence J Beilin, Geoffrey A Donnan, Peter Gibbs, Colin I Johnston, Joanne Ryan, Barbara Radziszewska, Richard Grimm, Anne M Murray

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Information on the use of aspirin to increase healthy independent life span in older persons is limited. Whether 5 years of daily low-dose aspirin therapy would extend disability-free life in healthy seniors is unclear.

METHODS: From 2010 through 2014, we enrolled community-dwelling persons in Australia and the United States who were 70 years of age or older (or ≥65 years of age among blacks and Hispanics in the United States) and did not have cardiovascular disease, dementia, or physical disability. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg per day of enteric-coated aspirin or placebo orally. The primary end …

Precision Oncology Decision Support: Current Approaches And Strategies For The Future, Katherine C Kurnit, Ecaterina E Ileana Dumbrava, Beate Litzenburger, Yekaterina B Khotskaya, Amber M Johnson, Timothy A Yap, Jordi Rodon, Jia Zeng, Md Abu Shufean, Ann M Bailey, Nora S Sánchez, Vijaykumar Holla, John Mendelsohn, Kenna Mills Shaw, Elmer V Bernstam, Gordon B Mills, Funda Meric-Bernstam

Journal Articles

With the increasing availability of genomics, routine analysis of advanced cancers is now feasible. Treatment selection is frequently guided by the molecular characteristics of a patient's tumor, and an increasing number of trials are genomically selected. Furthermore, multiple studies have demonstrated the benefit of therapies that are chosen based upon the molecular profile of a tumor. However, the rapid evolution of genomic testing platforms and emergence of new technologies make interpreting molecular testing reports more challenging. More sophisticated precision oncology decision support services are essential. This review outlines existing tools available for health care providers and precision oncology teams and …

A Behavioral Lifestyle Intervention Enhanced With Multiple-Behavior Self-Monitoring Using Mobile And Connected Tools For Underserved Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes And Comorbid Overweight Or Obesity: Pilot Comparative Effectiveness Trial, Jing Wang, Chunyan Cai, Nikhil Padhye, Philip Orlander, Mohammad Zare

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Self-monitoring is a cornerstone of behavioral lifestyle interventions for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mobile technology has the potential to improve adherence to self-monitoring and patient outcomes. However, no study has tested the use of a smartphone to facilitate self-monitoring in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in the underserved community.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of and compare preliminary efficacy of a behavioral lifestyle intervention using smartphone- or paper-based self-monitoring of multiple behaviors on weight loss and glycemic control in a sample of overweight or obese adults …

Activation Of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Redirects The Inflammatory Response In Neonatal Sepsis, A. C. Bolognese, W. Yang, L. W. Hansen, A. Sharma, J. M. Nicastro, G. F. Coppa, P. Wang

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No abstract provided.

Neonatal Intestinal Dysbiosis In Necrotizing Enterocolitis, N. Denning, J. M. Prince

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No abstract provided.

Age And Other Risk Factors Influencing Long-Term Mortality In Patients With Traumatic Cervical Spine Fracture., M. Bank, K. Gibbs, C. Sison, N. Kutub, A. Paptheodorou, S. Lee, A. Stein, O. Bloom

Journal Articles

To identify clinical or demographic variables that influence long-term mortality, as well as in-hospital mortality, with a particular focus on the effects of age.Cervical spine fractures with or without spinal cord injury (SCI) disproportionately impact the elderly who constitute an increasing percentage of the US population.We analyzed data collected for 10 years at a state-designated level I trauma center to identify variables that influenced in-hospital and long-term mortality among elderly patients with traumatic cervical spine fracture with or without SCI. Acute in-hospital mortality was determined from hospital records and long-term mortality within the study period (2003-2013) was determined from the …

Gastric Banding Surgery Versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure For Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial, J. P. Bakker, A. Tavakkoli, M. Rueschman, W. Wang, R. Andrews, A. Malhotra, R. L. Owens, A. Anand, K. A. Dudley, S. R. Patel

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No abstract provided.

Current Options For The Emergency Management Of Diverticular Disease And Options To Reduce The Need For Colostomy, D. Theodoropoulos

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No abstract provided.

B-1a Cells Protect Mice From Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury, M. Aziz, Y. Ode, M. Zhou, M. Ochani, N. E. Holodick, T. L. Rothstein, P. Wang

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No abstract provided.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma Masquerading As Cellulitis: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, F. Safa, M. Pant, C. Weerasinghe, R. Felix, T. Terjanian

Journal Articles

© 2018 Multimed Inc. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon malignancy of the skin arising from cells located in the deeper layers of the epidermis called Merkel cells. This malignancy rarely presents as a metastatic disease, and the field is therefore deficient in regards to management. We report the case of a 49-year-old woman who presented with a presumptive diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the left fifth digit that was resistant to treatment with antibiotics; she underwent debridement of the digit that revealed MCC and was later to have metastatic disease to her lungs, liver, and musculoskeletal system. The management …

Delayed Pneumothorax: A Potential Complication Of Transbronchial Lung Biopsy, N. Narula, F. Siddiqui, A. H. Siddiqui, W. C. Man, M. Chalhoub

Journal Articles

© 2018 The purpose of this article is to report a case of secondary tension pneumothorax presenting seven weeks post Transbronchial Lung biopsy. A 62 year old male with a known history of germ cell tumor was found to have a left-sided pneumothorax which later complicated to a tension pneumothorax.To the best of our knowledge this is the second case being reported for a delayed pneumothorax post a Transbronchial Lung Biopsy.The purpose of this case report is to create awareness among physicians to consider this diagnosis even at a later stage and the importance of patient education regarding the signs …

Initial Experience With A Novel Resection And Plication (Rap) Method For Acid Reflux: A Pilot Study., P. C. Benias, L. D'Souza, G. Lan, C. Gluckman, S. Inamdar, A. J. Trindade, L. S. Miller, D. L. Carr-Locke

Journal Articles

Current endoscopic therapies for gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) are limited by technical complexity, and/or cost. We sought to evaluate the success of a novel resection and plication (RAP) anti-reflux procedure. RAP was performed on 10 patients with GERD refractory to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. RAP consists of semi-circumferential mucosectomy along with full-thickness plication of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and cardia. We assessed the technical success and safety as well as followed GERD-Health Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) scores and medication usage.All patients underwent RAP without adverse events and were discharged on the same day. Only half of the …

Adult Onset Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein Purpura) With Alveolar Hemorrhage, N. Niknam, L. Ha, P. Gautam-Goyal

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Authors S. pyogenes is the cause of many important human diseases, ranging from mild superficial skin infections to life-threatening systemic diseases. The post streptococcal syndromes are immune mediated phenomena including Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura). HSP is more common in children and usually self limited but it can cause skin, joint, renal, gastrointestinal and rarely respiratory involvement. We present a case with Streptococcus pyogenes pneumonia that presented with respiratory failure, pulmonary hemorrhage, extensive rash and renal failure.

Same-Session Placement Of Multiple Lumen-Apposing Metal Stents To Provide Effective Drainage Of Extensive Walled-Off Pancreatic Necrosis, D. V. Sejpal, G. M. Grimaldi, P. C. Benias, A. J. Trindade, C. W. Lee

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No abstract provided.

Mutation Patterns Identify Adult Patients With De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia Aged 60 Years Or Older Who Respond Favorably To Standard Chemotherapy: An Analysis Of Alliance Studies, A. K. Eisfeld, J. Kohlschmidt, K. Mrózek, J. S. Blachly, C. J. Walker, D. Nicolet, S. Orwick, S. E. Maharry, J. E. Kolitz, C. D. Bloomfield, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. Thus far, only 5-15% of AML patients aged ≥60 years are cured with chemotherapy. Identification of patients who are less (more) likely to respond to standard chemotherapy might enable early risk stratification toward alternative treatment regimens. We used a next-generation sequencing panel of 80 cancer- and/or leukemia-associated genes to profile molecularly 423 older patients with de novo AML. Using variables identified in multivariable models and co-occurring mutations in NPM1-mutated AML, we classified the patients into good-, intermediate-, and poor-risk groups for complete remission (CR) attainment, disease-free (DFS), and overall survival (OS). …

Potentially Avoidable Readmissions In United States Hemodialysis Patients, A. T. Mathew, L. Rosen, R. Pekmezaris, A. Kozikowski, D. W. Ross, T. Mcginn, K. Kalantar-Zadeh, S. Fishbane

Journal Articles

© 2017 International Society of Nephrology Introduction: Patients with end-stage kidney disease have a high risk of 30-day readmission to hospital. These readmissions are financially costly to health care systems and are associated with poor health-related quality of life. The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the frequency, causes, and predictors of 30-day potentially avoidable readmission to hospital in patients on hemodialysis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the US Renal Data System data from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2008. A total of 107,940 prevalent United States hemodialysis patients with 248,680 index hospital …

Nephropathology Education During Nephrology Fellowship Training In The United States, V. Mechery, T. Hernandez, A. T. Mathew, R. Wanchoo, S. V. Seshan, K. D. Jhaveri, H. H. Shah

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No abstract provided.

Oral Curcumin For Radiation Dermatitis: A Urcc Ncorp Study Of 686 Breast Cancer Patients, J. R. Wolf, C. E. Heckler, J. J. Guido, A. R. Peoples, J. S. Gewandter, M. Ling, V. P. Vinciguerra, T. Anderson, L. Evans, G. R. Morrow, +2 Additional Authors

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No abstract provided.

Effects Of Vedolizumab Therapy On Extraintestinal Manifestations In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, M. Fleisher, J. Marsal, S. D. Lee, L. E. Frado, A. Parian, B. I. Korelitz, B. G. Feagan

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No abstract provided.

Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir In Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Or 4 And Past Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Failure, F. Poordad, S. Pol, A. Asatryan, M. Buti, D. Shaw, C. Hezode, F. Felizarta, R. W. Reindollar, D. E. Bernstein, F. J. Mensa, +10 Additional Authors

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No abstract provided.

The Comb Sign In Crohn's Ileocolitis, N. Adlakha, A. Swaminath

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No abstract provided.

The Social Media Revolution In Nephrology Education, G. B. Colbert, J. Topf, K. D. Jhaveri, T. Oates, M. N. Rheault, S. Shah, S. Hiremath, M. A. Sparks

Journal Articles

© 2018 International Society of Nephrology The past decade has been marked by the increasing use of social media platforms, often on mobile devices. In the nephrology community, this has resulted in the organic and continued growth of individuals interested in using these platforms for education and professional development. Here, we review several social media educational resources used in nephrology education and tools including Twitter, videos, blogs, and visual abstracts. We will also review how these tools are used together in the form of games (NephMadness), online journal clubs (NephJC), interactive learning (GlomCon), and digital mentorship (Nephrology Social Media Collective …

Hepatitis C Infection Patterns At A Tertiary Care Center In New York: A Cross-Sectional Study., A. Mahgoub, T. El Imad, H. Al Moussawi, D. Daneshvar, F. G. Haddad, J. Saabiye, G. Abdelsayed, S. Andrawes, L. Deeb

Journal Articles

Introduction In the United States, 2.7 to 3.9 million patients are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) with 3,500 new cases reported yearly. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HCV was the underlying or contributing cause of death of 19,659 patients in 2014. These facts underscore the need for a better understanding of the scope of this disease. Our epidemiologic study aimed at analyzing the pattern of occurrence of HCV infection at Staten Island University Hospital (SIUH) by evaluating the characteristics of newly infected patients with hepatitis C in 2014. The identified features served to better …

Anticholinergic Toxicity Secondary To Overuse Of Topricin Cream, A Homeopathic Medication., M. Krzyzak, A. Regina, R. C. Jesin, L. Deeb, E. Steinberg, N. Majlesi

Journal Articles

Adverse reactions from over-the-counter medications present a challenge to physicians. Homeopathic medicine is an alternative practice, originating in Germany and gaining popularity in the United States. It utilizes dilute preparations of substances in order to treat and cure disease. Patients may potentially suffer serious effects from the use of these products as the contents and concentrations are often unclear. Here, we describe a case of suspected atropine toxicity due to the overuse of a topical homeopathic cream, Topricin, which contains belladonna, a plant containing atropine.

Prevalence Of Proteinuria And Albuminuria In An Obese Population And Associated Risk Factors., J. L. Rosenstock, M. Pommier, G. Stoffels, S. Patel, M. F. Michelis

Journal Articles

Obesity has been increasingly recognized as a risk factor for kidney disease and both proteinuria and microalbuminuria have been associated with obesity. The actual prevalence of microalbuminuria and proteinuria in obese patients in the United States (US) has not been clearly described in the literature. Furthermore, obesity is associated with risk factors of kidney disease, such as diabetes and hypertension (HTN), and the prevalence of proteinuria and albuminuria excluding these risk factors is uncertain. In this study, we collected urine albumin/creatinine and urine protein/creatinine ratios on obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery to determine the prevalence of albuminuria and proteinuria in …

Bouveret's Syndrome: Literature Review., F. G. Haddad, W. Mansour, L. Deeb

Journal Articles

It was in 1896 that Bouveret's syndrome acquired its name after the French physician Leon Bouveret, who published two case reports in Revue de Medecin. Bouveret's syndrome describes gastric outlet obstruction secondary to an impacted gallstone. The gallstone reaches the small bowel through a bilioenteric fistula as a consequence of chronic inflammation and adherence between the biliary system and the bowels which increase the intraluminal pressure and leads to secondary wall ischemia and wall perforation with gallstone passage into the bowel. Bouveret's syndrome's prevalence is highest among elderly women. Despite the rarity of Bouveret's syndrome, it can cause notable morbidity …

Athlete's Hepatitis In A Young Healthy Marathon Runner, H. Khan, J. Phillipose, M. Ahmed, L. Deeb

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. Athlete's hepatitis is an uncommon clinical condition characterized by a significant ischemic insult to the liver. The most likely pathogenesis is decreased blood supply to the liver resulting in significant hypoxic hepatocyte injury. We report a case of a 48-year-old healthy young male who presented with athlete's hepatitis confirmed by liver biopsy after a 14-mile marathon run. To our knowledge, this is the second case of athlete's ischemic hepatitis reported in the literature. It is a diagnosis worth considering in patients involved in extreme exercise programs.