Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Self-Reported Memory Complaints: Implications From A Longitudinal Cohort With Autopsies, Richard J. Kryscio, Erin L. Abner, Gregory E. Cooper, David W. Fardo, Greg A. Jicha, Peter T. Nelson, Charles D. Smith, Linda J. Van Eldik, Lijie Wan, Frederick A. Schmitt

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: We assessed salience of subjective memory complaints (SMCs) by older individuals as a predictor of subsequent cognitive impairment while accounting for risk factors and eventual neuropathologies.

METHODS: Subjects (n = 531) enrolled while cognitively intact at the University of Kentucky were asked annually if they perceived changes in memory since their last visit. A multistate model estimated when transition to impairment occurred while adjusting for intervening death. Risk factors affecting the timing and probability of an impairment were identified. The association between SMCs and Alzheimer-type neuropathology was assessed from autopsies (n = 243).

RESULTS: SMCs were …

Frontal White Matter Integrity In Adults With Down Syndrome With And Without Dementia, David K. Powell, Allison Caban-Holt, Greg A. Jicha, William C. Robertson, Roberta Davis, Brian T. Gold, Frederick A. Schmitt, Elizabeth Head

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Faculty Publications

Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk for developing Alzheimer's disease after the age of 40 years. To detect white matter (WM) changes in the brain linked to dementia, fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor imaging was used. We hypothesized that adults with DS without dementia (DS n = 10), DS with dementia (DSAD n = 10) and age matched non-DS subjects (CTL n = 10) would show differential levels of FA and an association with scores from the Brief Praxis Test and the Severe Impairment Battery. WM integrity differences in DS compared with CTL were found predominantly …

Il-4 Signaling Drives A Unique Arginase+/Il-1Β+ Microglia Phenotype And Recruits Macrophages To The Inflammatory Cns: Consequences Of Age-Related Deficits In Il-4rα After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury, Ashley M. Fenn, Jodie C.E. Hall, John C. Gensel, Phillip G. Popovich, Jonathan P. Godbout

Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Faculty Publications

Alternative activation of microglia/macrophages (M2a) by interleukin (IL)-4 is purported to support intrinsic growth and repair processes after CNS injury. Nonetheless, alternative activation of microglia is poorly understood in vivo, particularly in the context of inflammation, injury, and aging. Here, we show that aged mice (18-19 months) had reduced functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) associated with impaired induction of IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) on microglia. The failure to successfully promote an IL-4/IL-4Rα response in aged mice resulted in attenuated arginase (M2a associated), IL-1β, and chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression, and diminished recruitment of IL-4Rα⁺ macrophages to …

Ultraviolet Radiation, Aging And The Skin: Prevention Of Damage By Topical Camp Manipulation, Alexandra Amaro-Ortiz, Betty Yan, John A. D’Orazio

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Being the largest and most visible organ of the body and heavily influenced by environmental factors, skin is ideal to study the long-term effects of aging. Throughout our lifetime, we accumulate damage generated by UV radiation. UV causes inflammation, immune changes, physical changes, impaired wound healing and DNA damage that promotes cellular senescence and carcinogenesis. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and among the malignancies of highest increasing incidence over the last several decades. Melanoma incidence is directly related to age, with highest rates in individuals over the age of 55 years, making it a clear age-related disease. …