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Medical Specialties

SelectedWorks

2009

Articles 1 - 14 of 14

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Human Amnion As A Novel Cell Delivery Vehicle For Chondrogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tunku Kamarul Zaman Dec 2009

Human Amnion As A Novel Cell Delivery Vehicle For Chondrogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tunku Kamarul Zaman

Tunku Kamarul Zaman

This study investigates the feasibility of processed human amnion (HAM) as a substrate for chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). HAM preparations processed by air drying (AD) and freeze drying (FD) underwent histological examination and MSC seeding in chondrogenic medium for 15 days. Monolayer cultures were used as control for chondrogenic differentiation and HAMs without cell seeding were used as negative control. Qualitative observations were made using scanning electron microscopy analysis and quantitative analyses were based on the sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG) assays performed on day 1 and day 15. Histological examination of HAM substrates before seeding revealed a smooth …

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Ppar Agonists Down-Regulate The Expression Of Atp10c Mrna During Adipogenesis, A Peretich, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, S Hurst, Sj Baek, Madhu Dahr Nov 2009

Ppar Agonists Down-Regulate The Expression Of Atp10c Mrna During Adipogenesis, A Peretich, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, S Hurst, Sj Baek, Madhu Dahr

Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD

No abstract provided.

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Modeling Brain Tumors Using Avian Retroviral Gene Transfer, Tod D. Holland, Eric C. Holland Aug 2009

Modeling Brain Tumors Using Avian Retroviral Gene Transfer, Tod D. Holland, Eric C. Holland

Tod D Holland

RCAS/tv-a is a system for post-natal cell type specific gene transfer. It is used for the modeling of gliomas and medulloblastomas. This system provides a combination of lineage tracing from the cell origin with oncogenesis induced by mis-expression of specific genes. The genes that are most potent at inducing tumors are those that encode components of signal transduction and undifferentiated cells are most capable of serving as the cell of origin. The system effectively generates tumors with the histologic characteristics of human disease. Mice bearing RVAS/tv-a induced brain tumors are currently being used for preclinical trials to understand the biology …

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F-2-Isoprostanes As Novel Biomarkers For Type 2 Diabetes: A Review, Ikram Shah Ismail Jul 2009

F-2-Isoprostanes As Novel Biomarkers For Type 2 Diabetes: A Review, Ikram Shah Ismail

Ikram Shah Ismail

Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated as one of the major underlying mechanisms behind many acute and chronic diseases. However, the measurement of free radicals or their end products is complicated. Isoprostanes, derived from the non-enzymatic peroxidation of arachidonic acid are now considered to be reliable biomarkers of oxidant stress in the human body. Isoprostanes are involved in many of the human diseases such as type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes elevated levels of F-2-Isoprostanes (F-2-IsoPs) have been observed. The measurement of bioactive F-2-IsoPs levels offers a unique noninvasive analytical tool to study the role of free radicals in …

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The Efficacy Of Topical Antibiofilm Agents In A Sheep Model Of Rhinosinusitis, Peter-John Wormald Jan 2009

The Efficacy Of Topical Antibiofilm Agents In A Sheep Model Of Rhinosinusitis, Peter-John Wormald

Peter-John Wormald

Background: Biofilms have been shown to be resistant to conventional antibiotic treatment. This study uses a sheep biofilm model developed by our department to investigate several novel topical anti-biofilm treatments. Methods: Staphylococcal biofilms were grown in 54 sheep frontal sinuses over 8 days: Each sinus was randomized to (1) no intervention, (2) single mupirocin flush, (3) regular 12-hourly mupirocin flushes for 5 days, (4) Citric Acid Zwitterionic Surfactant (CAZS) via hydrodebrider, (5) gallium nitrate, (6) CAZS with gallium nitrate, (7) CAZS with mupirocin, and (8) saline regular flushes. Sheep were sacrificed and the sinus mucosa harvested 1 or 8 days …

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The Role Of Itraconazole In Recalcitrant Fungal Sinusitis, K Seiberling, Peter-John Wormald Jan 2009

The Role Of Itraconazole In Recalcitrant Fungal Sinusitis, K Seiberling, Peter-John Wormald

Peter-John Wormald

Background: Oral itraconazole is an antifungal that has been shown to be of benefit to patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillus (ABPA). It is hypothesized that itraconazole may similarly benefit patients with allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS), a disease similar to ABPA. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic response of itraconazole in patients with refractory chronic fungal sinusitis who have failed maximal medical and surgical therapy. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of 23 patients with AFS and nonallergic eosinophilic fungal sinusitis treated with oral itraconazole. Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, comorbidities, allergies, fungal cultures, type of surgery …

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Efficacy Of Different Techniques Of Sinonasal Irrigation After Modified Lothrop Procedure., A Beule, T Athanasiadis, E Athanasiadis, J Field, Peter-John Wormald Jan 2009

Efficacy Of Different Techniques Of Sinonasal Irrigation After Modified Lothrop Procedure., A Beule, T Athanasiadis, E Athanasiadis, J Field, Peter-John Wormald

Peter-John Wormald

Background: Post-operative irrigation after endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic Lothrop procedure is used to remove nasal crusts and to improve wound healing. To evaluate the optimal application protocol for irrigation of the frontal sinus, a prospective cadaver study was performed. Methods: An endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure and complete sphenoethmoidectomy were performed in 19 heads. Each was irrigated with a 1.5% solution of water and different colours using nasal spray and a squeeze bottle filles with 50, 100 and 200 mL. Intensity of local staining and percentage of area were documented using standardized videoendoscopy after irrigation in 'bending over the sink' …

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Endoscopic Management Of Frontal Sinus Osteomas Revisited, K Seiberling, S Floreani, S Robinson, Peter-John Wormald Jan 2009

Endoscopic Management Of Frontal Sinus Osteomas Revisited, K Seiberling, S Floreani, S Robinson, Peter-John Wormald

Peter-John Wormald

Background: recent articles have published guidelines regarding the role of endoscopic surgery in the removal of frontal sinus osteomas. These guidelines recommend the endoscopic approach for small ostoemas but recommend an osteoplastic flap for larger tumors. This study presents a series of endoscopically resected tumors both large and small. Methods: retrospective chart reviews were performed. Charts were reviewed of all patients who underwent surgical resection of a frontal sinus osteoma from 1998 to 2008. Sinus CT scans were reviewed and each tumor was staged according to Kennedy's grading system proposed in 2005. Results: Twenty-three patients, 8 with a grade IV …

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Immunomodulatory Effect Of Cytosine-Phosphate-Guanosine (Cpg)-Oligonucleotides In Nonasthmatic Chronic Rhinosinusitis: An Explant Model, L Tan, T Rogers, N Hatzirodos, L Baker, E Ooi, Peter-John Wormald Jan 2009

Immunomodulatory Effect Of Cytosine-Phosphate-Guanosine (Cpg)-Oligonucleotides In Nonasthmatic Chronic Rhinosinusitis: An Explant Model, L Tan, T Rogers, N Hatzirodos, L Baker, E Ooi, Peter-John Wormald

Peter-John Wormald

Background: The use of cytosine-phosphate-guanosine-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs) or immunostimulatory sequences (ISSs) in the treatment of airway diseases is gaining interest. Binding of the CpG-ODN ligand to Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) triggers a shift from a Th2- to a Th1-type response in the target tissue. In this study, we explored the potential use of CpG-ODN to dampen the predominantly Th2-driven chronic inflammatory state in our cohort of patients. Methods: An in vitro explant model comprising of sinonasal tissue from patients with asthma (n=12) and without asthma (n=11) were stimulated with CpG-ODN or Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) or CpG-ODN in combination with …

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Nasal Polyp Cell Populations And Fungal-Specific Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Proliferation In Allergic Fungal Sinusitis, H Pant, D Beroukas, F Kette, W Smith, Peter-John Wormald, P Macardle Jan 2009

Nasal Polyp Cell Populations And Fungal-Specific Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Proliferation In Allergic Fungal Sinusitis, H Pant, D Beroukas, F Kette, W Smith, Peter-John Wormald, P Macardle

Peter-John Wormald

Background: Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is considered a different disease from other polypoid chronic rhinosinusitis diseases (CRS) with eosinophilic mucus (EM) termed eosinophilic mucus chronic rhinosinusitis (EMCRS). To substantiate this, studies on cellular responses to fungi and sinus mucosal inflammatory cell populations in AFS and other EMCRS diseases are required. This study was designed to examine polyp inflammatory cell populations and peripheral blood fungal-specific T cell responses in AFS, other EMCRS subgroups (defined later) and polypoid CRS without EM. Methods: A prospective study was performed. Clinical characteristics, including CRS symptoms, sinus computed tomography (CT) scans, allergy status, intraoperative endoscopy, presence …

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Dispensing Collaboration, Valerie Lucus Cem, Cbcp Jan 2009

Dispensing Collaboration, Valerie Lucus Cem, Cbcp

Valerie Lucus-McEwen CEM CBCP

Collaboration between UC Davis and Yolo County Public Health to provide a real-time POD (Point of Distribution).

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Prevalence Of Electrocardiographic Findings In Elderly Individuals: The Sao Paulo Aging & Health Study, Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 2009

Prevalence Of Electrocardiographic Findings In Elderly Individuals: The Sao Paulo Aging & Health Study, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Background: The determination of the prevalence of electrocardiographic alterations in the older age strata of the Brazilian population represents important information with clinical and epidemiological purpose. Objective:To verify the prevalence rates of atrial fibrillation, enlarged Q/QS waves (Minnesota code 1.1-1.2) and left bundle branch block. Methods: In a population-based study, 1,524 participants (921 women and 603 men) aged > 65 years and living in Sao Paulo, Brazil, were submitted to electrocardiographic assessment at rest as well as anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, in addition to fasting blood collection for the measurement of glycemia, total cholesterol and fractions. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence …

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Nutritional Evaluation Of The Patients With Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 2009

Nutritional Evaluation Of The Patients With Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) usually present nutritional disorders, secondary to the upper aerodigestive tract involvement or due to the treatment sequels. Objective: To assess the nutritional status of patients with HNSCC in different phases of the disease treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 155 patients divided in 4 groups: 103 patients with HNSCC (29 before treatment, 47 post-treatment with no recurrence and 27 post treatment with recurrent disease) and 52 controls without HNSCC. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected and a nutrition assessment was performed from anthropometric parameters (weight, height and Body Mass Index – BMI), …

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Patterns Of Viral Load In Chronic Hepatitis B Patients In Brazil And Their Association Withalt Levels And Hbeag Status, Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 2009

Patterns Of Viral Load In Chronic Hepatitis B Patients In Brazil And Their Association Withalt Levels And Hbeag Status, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level is a predictor of the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients. Nevertheless, the distribution of viral load levels in chronic HBV patients in Brazil has yet to be described. This cross-sectional study included 564 participants selected in nine Brazilian cities located in four of the five regions of the country using the database of a medical diagnostics company. Admission criteria included hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity, availability of HBV viral load samples and age >or=18 years. Males comprised 64.5% of the study population. Mean age was 43.7 years. …

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