Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevention Of Infection In Pin Sites, Sarah Pelletier, Audrey Stearns, Victoria Smith

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

External fixation is a term describing skeletal apparatuses that attach to wire or pins that penetrate the bone, used for complex fractures and limb deformity. 11-100% of patients with external fixation develop some sort of infection. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the measures taken to prevent infection are effective.

Prevention Of Postpartum Depression Related To Mode Of Birth Delivery, Ashley Palumbo, Andrea Vanmeter

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Postpartum depression (PPD) is moderate to severe depression in women after birth. It may occur up to one year after birth, most often in first three months, and affects 10-20% of mothers. Our purpose for reviewing the literature is to identify a potential link between PPD and mode of delivery and to inform the postpartum woman of any increased risk she may have to the development of postpartum depression.

Non-Pharmacological Pain Management Techniques In Neonates, Emily Hudson, Ricky Voetberg, Stephanie Swanson

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Research based evidence supports non-pharmacological techniques for pain management in neonates. Hospitalized neonates undergo multiple painful procedures, and poorly treated pain leads to negative effects in neonates. Pharmacological techniques have many adverse effects. The benefits of non-pharmacological techniques include fewer adverse effects, ease of implementation, and less cost. The purpose of this study is to determine the most effective non-pharmacological technique for reducing procedural pain in neonates.

Effects Of Early Ambulation In Prevention And Treatment Of Vte, Megan Bernstein, Sarah Dolce, Brittany Smith

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

There is a discrepancy in the methods of prevention and treatment of VTE (venous thromboembolism). VTE is a first event in approximately 100 out of 100,000 people. VTE is the synthesis of DVT (deep vein thrombosis), which can ultimately lead to pulmonary embolism, and occurs when a clot forms in the peripheral veins, possibly dislodging and journeying to the lungs. PE (pulmonary embolism) is a blockage in an artery of the lungs and causes permanent tissue damage. 1 in 5 individuals with PE die almost immediately and a further 40% die within three months. PE can develop 3-7 days after …

A Review Comparing The Most Beneficial Regimens Of Cleansing An Umbilical Cord Before Detachment, Caitlyn Seegers, Mary Burkholder, Ellen Moore

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

This review was conducted because an umbilical cord infection is one of the leading causes of death in neonates. “Newborn cord care practices may directly contribute to infections, which account for a large proportion of the four million annual global neonatal deaths (Alam).” Previous studies have shown that there are multiple ways to care for an umbilical cord stub before detachment. Chemical and natural regimens have been proven to be significant in decreasing omphalitis in neonates. One of the most susceptible areas to bacterial colonization for a neonate is the umbilicus. The purpose of this study is to determine the …

The Effectiveness Of Music Therapy In The Pediatric Population, Megan Brewer, Jaclyn Lewis

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Music therapy (MT) is defined as, “the systematic use of music or musical elements-along with the resulting interpersonal relationship with a trained music therapist to achieve optimal health outcomes…” (The Effectiveness, 2010). Nurses are able to implement music therapy in care. Decreasing fear, anxiety, and ultimately pain will enhance the patient’s experience at the hospital and will lessen the burden of performing care on the patient, decrease stress on caregivers, and ease the provision of care on health professionals.

Review Of Pain Control Methods After An Episiotomy, Abigail L. Tomlinson, Sarah J. Firmin

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

In 2007, 443,000 episiotomies were performed. Because this procedure is used often, pain management after episiotomy is a priority for many women. Mothers may be reluctant to use pharmacological treatment due to the potential negative side effects to both mother and baby. Because of this concern, a number of researchers have investigated alternative methods of managing pain, particularly after episiotomies are performed. The purpose of this review is to determine the best evidence-based practice for controlling pain related to an episiotomy.

Skin-To-Skin Care Related To Thermoregulation, Becky Wunderlich, Hannah Elwell

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Skin-to-skin contact can reduce neonatal mortality or morbidity by 18-42%. After birth temperature regulation is essential in newborn babies. Skin-to-skin benefits include: regulating heart rate, temperature, and respirations; greater weight gain. The purpose of this study is to determine if skin-to-skin care is more efficient in stabilizing the temperature of a full-term infant than using a radiant warmer. If so, why are radiant warmers still used on health full-term infants if skin-to-skin has more benefits?

Neonate Abstinence Syndrome And Therapeutic Interventions, Erica Danner

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

The impact of drug use by mothers to fetus’ in utero is critical not only to their growth and development but also has huge implications for sudden withdrawal at birth. Medication is used for neonates along with many other therapeutic techniques. With drug use for pregnant mothers rising, the incidence for NAS is significant. Hospitals are faced with lengthy hospital stays for neonates as well as providing environments appropriate for these newborns. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome has risen in opioid dependency alone from 26.4% in 2000 to 41.7% in 2008. As national drug use is increasing, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) congruently …

Adherence To Clean Intermittent Catheterization Treatment In Pediatric Patients: A Comprehensive Review Of Literature, Amanda Miller, Ashley Thompson

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC) was first introduced by Lapides, et al, in 1972 and has revolutionized management of voiding dysfunction through decreasing urological complications. CIC is an invasive procedure where a clean catheter is introduced into the bladder in order to empty it. The procedure can be done by the patient or caregiver and is usually performed 4-5 times a day. The World Health Organization defines adherence as the extent to which a person’s behavior corresponds with agreed recommendations from a health care professional. Non-adherence to CIC causes many urological complications, including UTIs, epididymitis, and decreasing renal function. The purpose …

Pulse Oximetry Testing For Screening For Congenital Heart Defects In Newborns: A Literature Review Of The Effectiveness And Accuracy, Amanda Custer, Bethany Teixeira

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Pulse oximetry detects the level of oxygen in the blood. A deficiency of oxygen can indicate the presence of CHD. Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) are the number one birth defect in newborns • CHD contributes to 3% of infant mortality and 46% of deaths from congenital malformations in the first year of life

Health Maintenance Regarding Carbohydrate Counting And Calorie Restricted Diets In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients, Chelsea Stoltzfus, Katie Siegle, Lauren Trainer

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Diabetes Mellitus is a rapidly growing epidemic in today’s society. In 2000, 2.8% (171 million) of the world had this diagnosis. In 2030, it is expected to increase to 4.4% (366 million). There is an increased need for research and implementation in the nursing field to manage diabetic symptoms. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a cellular change causing insulin to be resistant to the cells which leads to a build up of glucose. Multiple medical complications can result from the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2. The purpose of this study is to determine which diabetic diet is more effective …

Early Vs. Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping, Jerilyn Cox, Kristen Givens, Katie Grayton

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Nearly 4 million infants are born annually in the United States. Events during birth can have life-long implications. Early cord clamping is associated with a decreased risk of jaundice, whereas delayed cord clamping is associated with a decreased risk of anemia. Parents deserve knowledge and autonomy concerning care of their infants.

Breastfeeding Among Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome And Mothers Addicted To Narcotics, Landon Bundenthal

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

50,000 infants born in the U.S yearly receive medical treatment for maternal drug use while pregnant. Breastfeeding is associated with decreased maternal use of drugs or alcohol. Breast milk lessens side effects of drug withdrawal for infant. Breastfeeding is associated with decreased cases of necrotizing enter colitis and a significant decrease in hospitalization time. Drug dependent mothers have very low rate of breastfeeding. The purpose of this study is to determine if mothers who are using opioids or methadone should be encouraged to breastfeed.

Umbilical Cord Care: Cord Detachment And Prevention Of Infection, Tania Lacombe, Mary Miller, Grace Ziegler

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

There are nearly 4 million neonatal deaths worldwide each year, with one-third of those related to infections. The longer the umbilical cord remains attached, the more likely an infection will develop. Uneducated guardians may utilize improper cleaning techniques, which increases infection rates. Guardians desire to know the best method of care for their neonate.

Preventing Perineal Trauma During Labor, Kaela Johnson, Claire Vanderhart

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Around 85% of mothers experience perineal trauma during labor. Effects include pain, discomfort, dyspareunia, increased risk of infection, urinary and fecal incontinence, and weakened pelvic floor muscles. The purpose of this study is to determine the best method of practice to prevent perineal trauma related to vaginal delivery of a fetus.

A Literature Review Of Outcomes Related To Delayed And Spontaneous Pushing In Women During The Second Stage Of Labor, Lydia Douglas, Katherine Drake, Sarah Schmidt

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

There are 267 births each minute throughout the world, employing one of two different pushing methods: delayed and spontaneous (withhold pushing after full dilation until irresistible urge); and immediate (push as soon as completely dilated). There are inconsistencies and gaps in research regarding the two methods of pushing in terms of maternal and fetal outcomes.

Methods Of Screening To Detect Postpartum Depression, Anna Elliot, Shelby Young

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Postpartum depression is a mood altering condition that affects 10-20% of women after childbirth. Symptoms include an inability to perform activities of daily living, feelings of inadequacy/worthlessness, a discouraged outlook on life, altered sleeping pattern, overall worried feelings, and exhaustion. Screening is better than normal routine care in detecting postpartum depression, but only a small percentage of women are receiving screening. The focus of this study is to find the better evidence-based screening practice for nurses to detect postpartum depression: the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) or the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS).

The Therapeutical Benefits Of Using Music Therapy Rather Than Cognitive Therapy In Depressed Older Adults In A Healthcare Setting, Brittnie Jarrett, Elizabeth Hansel

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Limited research has been conducted concerning the effects of music therapy in depressed individuals with dementia. Music therapy is a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive treatment in relation to pharmaceutical interventions and possibly even some forms of cognitive therapies. Depression, a disabling disease that can cause a reduction in quality of life and loss of general functioning, affects more than 6.5 million of the 35 million Americans aged 65 years or older. 74% of older adults remain depressed one year after general treatment with pharmaceutical agents.

Education Interventions To Prevent Readmission Of Heart Failure Patients, Emily Reed, Rebecca Schnepp

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

More than 5.7 billion people in United States have been diagnosed with heart failure (HF). Non-adherence to self-care measures necessary to manage HF is associated with exacerbation and readmission. A 27% 30-day readmission rate for Medicare patients with HF can lead to reduced Medicare payments and penalties. HF hospitalizations contribute to over half of the $39 million annual HF cost. Almost half of HF admits will be readmitted within six months of discharge. The purpose of this study is to determine the best heart failure discharge education content and method of delivery in order to promote patient self-care and prevent …

Kangaroo Mother Care For Premature And Low Birthweight Infants, Emma Rahn, Bethany Hotchkiss

Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session

Due to an overwhelming number of babies born prematurely each year, new Interventions are being Introduced and studied. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC), the prolonged skin-to-skin contact between mother/father and the infant, has been studied and has been shown to be a more beneficial alternative to care for both the infant and the parents. The purpose of this paper Is to compare the holistic outcome of KMC to that of conventional care (incubators and radiators). The research team consisted of two Cedarville nursing students, Emma Rahn and Bethany Hotchkiss. For our paper, the Iowa model was used to guide our research. …

A Clinically Significant Interaction Between Tacrolimus And Multiple Proton Pump Inhibitors In A Kidney Transplant Recipient, Michelle Maguire, Thaddeus T. Franz, David S. Hains

Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications

The shared metabolism of PPIs and tacrolimus through the CYP enzyme system has been associated with clinically significant drug interactions, especially in patients who are classified as CYP 2C19 PMs. However, existing data are conflicting, indicating that a single mechanism does not account for all interactions. A drug interaction between tacrolimus and omeprazole, esomeprazole, but not lansoprazole, occurred in an 18-yr-old female kidney transplant recipient classified as a CYP 2C19 extensive (normal) metabolizer. This case suggests that further research is needed to establish the definitive mechanism of this potentially serious drug–drug interaction. Physicians prescribing PPIs in organ transplant recipients with …

Don’T Leave Without Them: Dispensing Asthma Medications To Pediatric Patients Upon Discharge Is Associated With Decreased Hospital Readmissions, Kelly J. Hiteshew, Thaddeus T. Franz, Kristen Lamberjack, Aleda M.H. Chen

Pharmacy Faculty Publications

Purpose: Asthma exacerbations are a leading cause of hospital and emergency department admissions at pediatric institutions. The objective of this study was to determine if patients who obtain discharge medications from a pediatric institution’s outpatient pharmacy after an admission for asthma have a lower thirty-day readmission rate than those who do not obtain discharge medications from the outpatient pharmacy.

Methods: This multi-phase retrospective study included an initial chart review, an intervention period, and a second chart review of the intervention period. The chart reviews included patients ages two years and older with a discharge diagnosis of asthma or wheezing. During …