Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Role Of Cytokines In Stressful Condition As A Trigger For A Depression, Febyan Febyan, Sri Handawati Wijaya, Ayudhea Tannika, Johannes Hudyono

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.

Subanesthetic Iv Ketamine Reduces Acute Suicidal Ideation In Patients With Mood Disorders, Kimberly Jenko, Jack Anzilotti

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2016 to 2019

Background. Depression and suicide are common in the United States and present a significant problem in the healthcare landscape. Currently, there are few options that can rapidly reduce suicidal ideation in patients with depression. Ketamine, a glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been shown to reduce acute suicidality in patients with depression. Previous studies have a reduction of suicidal ideation compared to saline placebo, but few studies have shown a significant effect compared to a similar psychoactive drug such as midazolam.

Method. A search of PubMed and PsychNET was performed in September 2018 using the terms “ketamine,” “suicide,” …

Burnout, Job Dissatisfaction, And Mental Health Outcomes Among Medical Students And Health Care Professionals At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan: Protocol For A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study, Syed Hamza Mufarrih, Aeman Naseer, Nada Qaisar Qureshi, Zohaib Anwar, Nida Zahid, Riaz Hussain Lakdawala, Shahryar Noordin

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Burnout, a state of vital exhaustion, has frequently been related to work-related stress and job dissatisfaction. Given the emotionally and physically challenging nature of their work, high rates of burnout have been reported among health care professionals. This may put them at a higher risk for of suffering from adverse mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety and stress. In our study, we aim to assess the prevalence i of and associations among burnout and job dissatisfaction and adverse mental health outcomes in a developing country, where the challenges faced by the health care system are unique. Facilities are over-burdened and …

Processing Trauma In The Hebrew Bible, Carol A. Mcmullen

Consensus

From a contemporary perspective, many of the colourful characters in the Hebrew Bible may have experienced various levels of trauma which affected their thoughts, feelings and behaviours as recorded in the text. As part of a scholarly tradition of applying modern diagnostic terminology to historical personalities, this study connects various Biblical stories to an implicit theme of trauma that runs through much of the larger Jewish narrative. Such exploration provides a unique perspective in contrast to more traditional biblical interpretations that have largely ignored these specific aspects of trauma. Strategies of coping, healing, survival, and resilience can be further gained …

Does Depressed Persons With Non-Cardiovascular Morbidity Have A Higher Risk Of Cvd? A Population-Based Cohort Study In Sweden, Aysha Almas, Jette Moller, Romaina Iqbal, Andreas Lundin, Yvonne Forsel

Section of Internal Medicine

Background: Depression often co-exists with non-cardiovascular morbid conditions. Whether this comorbidity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease has so far not been studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if non-cardiovascular morbidity modifies the effect of depression on future risk of CVD.
Methods: Data was derived from the PART study (acronym in Swedish for: Psykisk hälsa, Arbete och RelaTioner: Mental Health, Work and Relationships), a longitudinal cohort study on mental health, work and relations, including 10,443 adults (aged 20-64 years). Depression was assessed using the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) and self-reported data on non-cardiovascular morbidity was assessed …

Acute Diagnosis Of Wilson’S Disease In A Teenage Patient, Sarah Irvin, Ryan Mccarthy

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Wilson’s Disease, a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease, is caused by a mutation in the ATP7B enzyme gene. Without this enzyme, copper builds up in the brain, liver, and cornea causing a multitude of symptoms. It is important to consider Wilson’s disease because the prognosis is dependent on timely diagnosis. This is an interesting case of a 19-year-old male who presented with suicidal thoughts and rapid weight loss. After many months and an extensive work-up, Wilson’s Disease was diagnosed. Due to his rapid decline, he was transferred to a larger university healthcare center where he is currently enrolled in clinical …

Effects Of Resistance Training On Depression And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Black Men: Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Andrew M. Busch, Mark E. Louie, Micholas J. Santabarbara, Alex A. Ajayi, Neil Gleason, Shira I. Dunsiger, Michael P. Carey, Joseph T. Ciccolo

Faculty Authored Articles

Background

Depression is severely undertreated in Black men. This is primarily because Black men are less likely to seek traditional psychiatric treatment, have less access and more barriers to treatment, and perceive more stigma associated with treatment. Depression contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and Black men have the highest rate of mortality from CVD. Resistance training (RT) can have beneficial effects on both depression and CVD. This study will be the first randomized controlled trial to test the effects of RT on depression and cardiovascular health in a sample of depressed Black men.

Method

Fifty Black men with clinically significant …

Daily Technology Interruptions And Emotional And Relational Well-Being., Brandon T. Mcdaniel Phd, Michelle Drouin

Health Services and Informatics Research

The current abundance of technology in daily life creates opportunities for interruptions in couple interactions, termed technoference or phubbing. The current study examined reports from both partners in 173 romantic relationships who completed daily surveys on technoference and relational well-being measures across 14 days. By using daily diary data, we were able to examine within-person associations and more closely approximate everyday life. Utilizing multilevel modeling, we found that on days when participants rated more technoference than usual, they felt worse about their relationship, perceived more conflict over technology use, rated their face-toface interactions as less positive, and experienced more negative …

Socioemotional Selectivity And Psychological Health In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients And Caregivers: A Longitudinal, Dyadic Analysis, Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Edward J. Kasarskis, David W. Fardo, Philip M. Westgate

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective: Socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that as the end of life approaches, goals and resources that provide immediate, hedonic reward become more important than those that provide delayed rewards. This study tested whether these goal domains differentially affected psychological health in the context of marital dyads in which one partner had been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a life-limiting disease.

Design: ALS patients (N = 102) being treated in three multidisciplinary clinics and their spouses (N = 100) reported their loneliness, financial worry and psychological health every 3 months for up to 18 months.

Main …

A Letter To My Departed Niece, * Anonymous *

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

The following piece was written in the weeks following the death of the author’s niece. It is an attempt to explore how we as a society handle health crises differently for medical versus mental health diagnoses.

Mind And Body Training To Improve Functioning And Coping With Chronic Pain: A Pilot Study, Olga Valieva, Leah M. Welsh, Betty Amuzu, Niraj Nijhawan, Jessica J.F. Kram

Aurora Ob/Gyn Faculty

Background: Patients with chronic pain are often crippled by psychological distress, depression and fear. These patients also can develop altered pain perception, with enhanced brain activity in pain-responsive regions and those associated with anxiety/depression. Exercise and meditation can impact pain-reducing brain areas and positively influence pain characteristics.

Purpose: To alter pain center activity by reducing the activation of the higher brain and deactivation of the lower brain with somatocognitive and meditative practices, with secondary aim of reducing anxiety/depression and improve overall quality of life.

Methods: We conducted a pilot study on mentally competent adult women with stable chronic pain who …

Peripheral Blood Count Characteristics, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, And Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients With Depression, Hamzah Shatri, Reinaldo Alexander, Rudi Putranto, Cleopas Martin Rumende

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) had an increased risk for depression up to 1.53 times from a large cohort study. Studies have found an increase in the neutrophil - lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in various mood disorders including depression, also the value of the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) associated with major depression accompanied by psychotic symptoms. This study aimed to describe the peripheral blood characteristics, NLR, and PLR in pulmonary TB patients with depression. Methods. A cross-sectional study of 106 non-multidrug-resistant pulmonary TB patients was done at outpatient department of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta from August to October 2018. The …

Evaluation Of Clinical Outcomes In An Interdisciplinary Abdominal Pain Clinic: A Retrospective, Exploratory Review., Amanda D. Deacy, Craig A. Friesen, Vincent S. Staggs, Jennifer Verrill Schurman

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: Pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common and well-accepted to be etiologically complex in terms of the contribution of biological, psychological, and social factors to symptom presentations. Nonetheless, despite its documented benefits, interdisciplinary treatment, designed to address all of these factors, for pediatric FGIDs remains rare. The current study hypothesized that the majority of pediatric patients seen in an interdisciplinary abdominal pain clinic (APC) would demonstrate clinical resolution of symptoms during the study period and that specific psychosocial variables would be significantly predictive of GI symptom improvement.

Aim: To evaluate outcomes with interdisciplinary treatment in pediatric patients with pain-related …

Nash-Wo-Numa (Childhood Growth & Development) Study Protocol: Factors That Impact Linear Growth In Children 9 To 15 Years Of Age In Matiari, Pakistan, Susan C. Campisi, Yaqub Wasan, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Suneeta Monga, Daphne J. Korczak, Wendy Lou, Olle Soder, Ashley Vandermorris, Khadija N Humayun, Ayesha Mian, Peter Szatmari, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: Adolescence is a time of significant physical and emotional change, and there is emerging concern that adolescents living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) may face substantial challenges in relation to linear growth and mental health. Data on the global burden of stunting after 5 years of age are limited, but estimates suggest up to 50 per cent of all adolescents in some LMIC are stunted. Additionally, many LMIC lack robust mental health care delivery systems. Pakistan has one of the world's largest populations of adolescents (10 to 19 years) at approximately 40 million. The Nash-wo-Numa study's primary objective …

Omt For The Treatment Of Depression And Anxiety, Zachary Winchell

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMT) fundamentally aims to remedy somatic dysfunction through the manipulation of the patient. In this regard, OMT is a particularly viable non-pharmacological adjunct for patients with depressive and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

In both of these disorders, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has an interdependent relationship with physiological stress that feed one another to both increase symptomology and leave patients vulnerable to negative life events. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines acting on the brain over long periods of time can lead to exacerbation of disease and the development of depression in susceptible individuals. Altered cytokine balance has also been found in …

The Correlation Between Obesity, Food Addiction, Anxiety & Depression, Ayham Khrais, Adarsh K. Gupta D.O.

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Obesity is a multifaceted disease with physiological, psychological and social influences. While physiological factors, such as basal metabolic rate, can influence an individual’s BMI (Body Mass Index), obesity is primarily determined by behavior: excess food intake and a sedentary lifestyle greatly contribute to weight gain. An individual’s behavior is influenced by many factors, including their desires, perceptions, and social pressures. Therefore, psychological conditions can greatly impact an individual’s eating habits, thereby affecting that person’s BMI. This endeavor involved exploration of the potential effects of food addiction, anxiety, and depression on obesity. A survey consisting of an amalgamation of the Yale …

Affective Disturbance In Mild Cognitive Impairment, Jason Greenhagen, Emily Matusz, Sheina Emrani, David Libon, Sherry Pomerantz

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an identifiable, prodromal stage of cognitive impairment and has been further defined into subtypes: amnestic, language, executive functioning, and multi domain/mixed MCI (Jak et al. 2009 ). The purpose of this study is to (1) examine the differences in depression, anxiety, and apathy between MCI subtypes; and (2) assess the relationship between the neurocognitive domains (executive functioning, language, and memory and affective symptoms. We hypothesize that apathy will be greater in dysexecutive/mixed MCI (dys/mixed MCI) and be more highly correlated to neurocognitive deficits compared to depression or anxiety. This is a retrospective study of 113 …

The Influence Of Stressful Life Events On The Development Of Type 2 Diabetes, Joshua Minks

Dissertations

This study examined the relationship between distress and the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the presence of established risk factors. Distress secondary to mental health disparities, stressful life events, and work conditions has been shown to promote insulin resistance and the development of T2DM.

Subjects (N=79) diagnosed with T2DM within the previous six months were recruited from SSM Health Centers and VA Medical Centers in the greater St. Louis area. They completed the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire, ENRICHD Social Support Instrument, and a demographic survey and analyses were conducted to determine differences between the veteran …

Assessing The Effect Of Patient To Provider Language Discordance On Depression Screening Utilizing The Patient Health Questionnaire: An Epidemiology Study., Luis A. Murillo, Georgi Alex Grekoff, John C. Sheffield

Reading Hospital Family Medicine Residency

Background: As depression screening becomes a standard in primary care, the question remains of how effective and equitable screening can be implemented to avoid cultural and language-related disparities.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, rates of depression screening were compared for 3626 adult patients at a family medicine residency-based health centre in Pennsylvania, USA. The PHQ-2/PHQ-9 modality was verbally administered by nursing staff at the time of patient intake as part of a universal screening initiative. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the univariate associations of performed depression screening with variables of language, ethnicity, gender and number of office visits. …

The Influence Of Unpredictable, Fragmented Parental Signals On The Developing Brain, Laura M. Glynn, Tallie Z. Baram

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Mental illnesses originate early in life, governed by environmental and genetic factors. Because parents are a dominant source of signals to the developing child, parental signals - beginning with maternal signals in utero - are primary contributors to children’s mental health. Existing literature on maternal signals has focused almost exclusively on their quality and valence (e.g. maternal depression, sensitivity). Here we identify a novel dimension of maternal signals: their patterns and especially their predictability/unpredictability, as an important determinant of children’s neurodevelopment. We find that unpredictable maternal mood and behavior presage risk for child and adolescent psychopathology. In experimental models, fragmented/unpredictable …

Assessing The Effect Of Patient To Provider Language Discordance On Depression Screening Utilizing The Patient Health Questionnaire: An Epidemiology Study., Luis A. Murillo, Georgi Alex Grekoff, John C. Sheffield

Reading Hospital Family Medicine Residency

Background: As depression screening becomes a standard in primary care, the question remains of how effective and equitable screening can be implemented to avoid cultural and language-related disparities.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, rates of depression screening were compared for 3626 adult patients at a family medicine residency-based health centre in Pennsylvania, USA. The PHQ-2/PHQ-9 modality was verbally administered by nursing staff at the time of patient intake as part of a universal screening initiative. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the univariate associations of performed depression screening with variables of language, ethnicity, gender and number of office visits. …

Factors Associated With A Positive Depression Screen After A Miscarriage, Steve Mutiso, Alfred Murage, Abraham Mukaindo

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Introduction: Miscarriages are a common pregnancy complication and positive depression screen after a miscarriage has been shown to be high in our population. Various factors are associated with an increased risk of developing depression after a miscarriage. However, these factors vary across populations studied with no studies existing in our region. We set out to determine the factors associated with a positive depression screen among post-miscarriage women at the Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi.

Methods: Patients were recruited at the 2 weeks clinic review after a miscarriage in the gynaecological clinics. They were screened using the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale …

Yoga-Specific Enhancement Of Quality Of Life Among Women With Breast Cancer: Systematic Review And Exploratory Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Daline El-Hashimi, Kevin M. Gorey

Social Work Publications

Physical activities during and after cancer treatment have favorable psychosocial effects. Increasingly, yoga has become a popular approach to improving the quality of life (QoL) of women with breast cancer. However, the extant synthetic evidence on yoga has not used other exercise comparison conditions. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess yoga-specific effects relative to any other physical exercise intervention (eg, aerobics) for women with breast cancer. QoL was the primary outcome of interest. Eight randomized controlled trials with 545 participants were included. The sample-weighted synthesis at immediate postintervention revealed marginally statistically and modest practically significant differences suggesting yoga’s potentially greater …

Depression Among Epileptic Patients And Its Association With Drug Therapy In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Getenet Dessie, Henok Mulugeta, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Fasil Wagnew, Sahai Burrowes

BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa and the established relationship between depression and epilepsy, the extent of comorbid epilepsy and depression in the region is still poorly understood. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to address this gap in the literature by determining the pooled prevalence of depression among epileptic patients in sub-Saharan Africa.

METHODS: A systematic desk review and electronic web-based search of PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the World Health Organization's Hinari portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases) conducted from December 2, 2017 …

Editorial: Recent Advances In Psychiatry From Psycho-Neuro-Immunology Research: Autoimmune Encephalitis, Autoimmune Encephalopathy, And Mild Encephalitis, K. Bechter, D. Brown, S. Najjar

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Growing Evidence For The Impact Of Air Pollution On Depression, Naureen Akber Ali, Adeel Khoja

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Patient Education On The Association Of Hormonal Contraception With Depression, Julia E. Hannigan

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Hormonal contraceptive agents are widely used by women during their reproductive years. In recent years, research has been released linking hormonal contraception with the initiation of antidepressant medication and a first diagnosis of depression. More research is still warranted in order to further elucidate the relationship between hormonal contraception and depression, but current evidence prompts the necessity for shared decision making between clinicians and women considering treatment with hormonal contraceptive agents. The goal of this project is to give providers easily accessible patient educational materials in the form of epic smart phrases to aid in informed decision making.

Depression Screening For Bariatric Surgical Patients, Cova Teresa Stidham

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity in the United States has increased to epidemic numbers over the last decade. Practitioners need to reverse the trend. To address the problem of depression in obesity, a practice guideline from a bariatric clinic for under-served populations was proposed to an expert panel. The Spell Out on First Use (PHQ-9) screening is a valid and reliable self-screening tool to assist the practitioner in determining the level of depression if any. The PHQ-9 has nine questions. No formal screening existed at the bariatric clinic, and the practice guideline (with algorithm and revised workflow) was proposed for use at the clinic. …

Exercise Promotion For Patients With Mental Health Conditions In Milton, Vt, Pirapon Leo Chaidarun

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Depression and anxiety are two highly prevalent mental health conditions and can often occur together. Research shows that sustained low-intensity exercise releases chemicals that promote nerve cell growth in the brain, which helps regulate mood and relieve symptoms. Exercise may seem like a logical solution for mental health to those with a medical background, but may be a new idea to many patients who are unaware of the added benefits of staying active.

Meditation For Depression And Anxiety, Max Knapp

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Mental health is a major burden on residents of Vermont. Access to care is the most commonly cited cause. An evidence-based pamphlet was designed to empower providers to quickly and easily help patients start a meditation practice to help address such concerns.