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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Interpreting Hemoglobin And Water Concentration, Oxygen Saturation, And Scattering Measured In Vivo By Near-Infrared Breast Tomography, Subhadra Srinivasan, Brian W. Pogue, Shudong Jiang, Hamid Dehghani, Christine Kogel, Sandra Soho, Jennifer J. Gibson, Tor D. Tosteson, Steven P. Poplack, Keith D. Paulsen
Interpreting Hemoglobin And Water Concentration, Oxygen Saturation, And Scattering Measured In Vivo By Near-Infrared Breast Tomography, Subhadra Srinivasan, Brian W. Pogue, Shudong Jiang, Hamid Dehghani, Christine Kogel, Sandra Soho, Jennifer J. Gibson, Tor D. Tosteson, Steven P. Poplack, Keith D. Paulsen
Dartmouth Scholarship
Near-infrared spectroscopic tomography was used to measure the properties of 24 mammographically normal breasts to quantify whole-breast absorption and scattering spectra and to evaluate which tissue composition characteristics can be determined from these spectra. The absorption spectrum of breast tissue allows quantification of (i) total hemoglobin concentration, (ii) hemoglobin oxygen saturation, and (iii) water concentration, whereas the scattering spectrum provides information about the size and number density of cellular components and structural matrix elements. These property data were tested for correlation to demographic information, including subject age, body mass index, breast size, and radiographic …
Use Of In Vivo-Induced Antigen Technology (Iviat) To Identify Genes Uniquely Expressed During Human Infection With Vibrio Cholerae, Long Hang, Manohar John, Muhammad Asaduzzaman, Emily A. Bridges, Cecily Vanderspurt, Thomas J. Kirn, Ronald K. Taylor
Use Of In Vivo-Induced Antigen Technology (Iviat) To Identify Genes Uniquely Expressed During Human Infection With Vibrio Cholerae, Long Hang, Manohar John, Muhammad Asaduzzaman, Emily A. Bridges, Cecily Vanderspurt, Thomas J. Kirn, Ronald K. Taylor
Dartmouth Scholarship
In vivo-induced antigen technology is a method to identify proteins expressed by pathogenic bacteria during human infection. Sera from 10 patients convalescing from cholera infection in Bangladesh were pooled, adsorbed against in vitro-grown El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1, and used to probe a genomic expression library in Escherichia coli constructed from El Tor V. cholerae O1 strain N16961. We identified 38 positive clones in the screen, encoding pili (PilA and TcpA), cell membrane proteins (PilQ, MshO, MshP, and CapK), methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, chemotaxis and motility proteins (CheA and CheR), a quorum-sensing protein (LuxP), and four hypothetical proteins. Analysis of immune …
Alginate Is Not A Significant Component Of The Extracellular Polysaccharide Matrix Of Pa14 And Pao1 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilms, Daniel J. Wozniak, Timna J. O. Wyckoff, Melissa Starkey, Rebecca Keyser, Parastoo Azadi, George A. O'Toole, Matthew R. Parsek
Alginate Is Not A Significant Component Of The Extracellular Polysaccharide Matrix Of Pa14 And Pao1 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilms, Daniel J. Wozniak, Timna J. O. Wyckoff, Melissa Starkey, Rebecca Keyser, Parastoo Azadi, George A. O'Toole, Matthew R. Parsek
Dartmouth Scholarship
The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Such infections are extremely difficult to control because the bacteria exhibit a biofilm-mode of growth, rendering P. aeruginosa resistant to antibiotics and phagocytic cells. During the course of infection, P. aeruginosa usually undergoes a phenotypic switch to a mucoid colony, which is characterized by the overproduction of the exopolysaccharide alginate. Alginate overproduction has been implicated in protecting P. aeruginosa from the harsh environment present in the CF lung, as well as facilitating its persistence as a biofilm by providing an extracellular matrix that promotes adherence. Because of …
Probucol Prevents Early Coronary Heart Disease And Death In The High-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Sr-Bi/Apolipoprotein E Double Knockout Mouse, Anne Braun, Songwen Zhang, Helena E. Miettinen, Shamsah Ebrahim, Teresa M. Holm, Eliza Vasile, Mark J. Post
Probucol Prevents Early Coronary Heart Disease And Death In The High-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Sr-Bi/Apolipoprotein E Double Knockout Mouse, Anne Braun, Songwen Zhang, Helena E. Miettinen, Shamsah Ebrahim, Teresa M. Holm, Eliza Vasile, Mark J. Post
Dartmouth Scholarship
Mice with homozygous null mutations in the high-density lipoprotein receptor SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B, type I) and apolipoprotein E genes fed a low-fat diet exhibit a constellation of pathologies shared with human atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD): hypercholesterolemia, occlusive coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarctions, cardiac dysfunction (heart enlargement, reduced systolic function and ejection fraction, and ECG abnormalities), and premature death (mean age 6 weeks). They also exhibit a block in RBC maturation and abnormally high plasma unesterified-to-total cholesterol ratio (0.8) with associated abnormal lipoprotein morphology (lamellar/vesicular and stacked discoidal particles reminiscent of those in lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency and cholestasis). Treatment …
Regulation And Localization Of Endogenous Human Tristetraprolin, Anna-Marie Fairhurst, John E. Connolly, Katharine A Hintz, Nicolas J Goulding
Regulation And Localization Of Endogenous Human Tristetraprolin, Anna-Marie Fairhurst, John E. Connolly, Katharine A Hintz, Nicolas J Goulding
Dartmouth Scholarship
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the development and pathogenicity of infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders, such as septic shock and arthritis. The zinc-finger protein tristetraprolin (TTP) has been identified as a major regulator of TNF biosynthesis. To define its intracellular location and examine its regulation of TNF, a quantitive intracellular staining assay specific for TTP was developed. We establish for the first time that in peripheral blood leukocytes, express
Saru, A Sara Homolog, Is Repressed By Sart And Regulates Virulence Genes In Staphylococcus Aureus, Adhar C. Manna, Ambrose L. Cheung
Saru, A Sara Homolog, Is Repressed By Sart And Regulates Virulence Genes In Staphylococcus Aureus, Adhar C. Manna, Ambrose L. Cheung
Dartmouth Scholarship
In searching the Staphylococcus aureus genome, we previously identified sarT, a homolog of sarA, which encodes a repressor for alpha-hemolysin synthesis. Adjacent but transcribed divergently to sarT is sarU, which encodes a 247-residue polypeptide, almost twice the length of SarA. Sequence alignment disclosed that SarU, like SarS, which is another SarA homolog, could be envisioned as a molecule with two halves, with each half being homologous to SarA. SarU, as a member of the SarA family proteins, disclosed conservation of basic residues within the helix-turn-helix motif and within the beta hairpin loop, two putative DNA binding domains within this protein …