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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Consequences Of Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Binyamin S. Kanter
Consequences Of Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Binyamin S. Kanter
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Over the past few years, awareness of the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea has significantly increased. Indeed, sleep apnea may be more common now with the increasing incidence of obesity and the growing number of elderly individuals in our population. How serious is this condition, and what are the potential long-term effects and consequences of obstructive sleep apnea if left untreated? An overlap of many serious conditions with obstructive sleep apnea has been noticed. These conditions include hypertension, heart disease and failure, stroke, diabetes, neurological diseases, depression, and a number of other serious health concerns. The purpose of this paper …
Oocyte Cryopreservation, Esther Gellis
Oocyte Cryopreservation, Esther Gellis
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Anti-mitotic therapies are a form of therapy used to treat cancer patients. The use of these treatments on females can result in fertility complications. Therefore, prior to treatment, women must seek ways to preserve their ability to conceive children after receiving treatment. This study analyzes the outcomes of oocyte cryopreservation and its many variables. Three important variables that can affect the outcome of oocyte cryopreservation are age, cryopreservation method and cryoprotectants. Evidence indicates that human oocyte cryopreservation can enable a woman to preserve her ability to give birth to a healthy child, following anti-mitotic therapies. Hundreds of babies have been …
Biological Reasons For The Neurotoxic Effects Of Mdma (‘Ecstasy’) On The Developing Fetus, Leah Schneeweiss
Biological Reasons For The Neurotoxic Effects Of Mdma (‘Ecstasy’) On The Developing Fetus, Leah Schneeweiss
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
MDMA (3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is an illicit, recreational drug known by many individuals as ‘Ecstasy.’ MDMA has gained popularity over the past decade and has become a drug of choice at dance parties and clubs because of the stimulating and hallucinogenic effects that it has on the central nervous system. Scientists have determined that MDMA causes neurotoxic damage to adults by harming the serotonergic system in the adult brain. Researchers discovered that embryos exposed to MDMA while in utero also suffer neurotoxic deficits, although not due to impairments in the embryos’ serotonergic systems. These deficits arise because of the cortisol increase …
Understanding The Hygiene Hypothesis And Its Mechanisms, Yaakov Tropper
Understanding The Hygiene Hypothesis And Its Mechanisms, Yaakov Tropper
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The hygiene hypothesis provides an explanation for the sharp increase in atopy over the past several decades by proposing that it is inversely related to the lack of infectious diseases in our society. Although atopy, as well as other hypersensitivity reactions, do have a genetic basis; studies clearly show that environmental and socioeconomic factors play a large role in determining which people will develop allergies. Proposed mechanisms leading to this disorder include an imbalance in the Th1/Th2 complex in the immune system, and a deficiency in Regulatory T cells which controls excessive T cell activity.
Should Sports Drinks Be Given To Children And Adolescents Engaged In Athletics As An Effective Source Of Hydration?, Zeev W. Rubinson
Should Sports Drinks Be Given To Children And Adolescents Engaged In Athletics As An Effective Source Of Hydration?, Zeev W. Rubinson
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Dehydration in children and adolescents is a major concern for caretakers. Often children are not drinking enough, particularly while participating in physical activity. Utilizing data drawn from pediatricians, nutritionists, and bio-scientists, this paper will examine whether sports drinks are a good source of fluids for the exercising child. The results of the research indicate that the advantages generally associated with sports drinks, to achieve higher body water absorption levels, prevent electrolyte deficits, and maintain proper electrolyte/water concentrations, are reserved for unique circumstances. Sports drink intake should be encouraged only when the child is participating in prolonged physical activity, in intense …
Short-Term Effects On The Fetus And Long-Term Outcome On Children Exposed To Maternal Chemotherapy, Yocheved Kramer
Short-Term Effects On The Fetus And Long-Term Outcome On Children Exposed To Maternal Chemotherapy, Yocheved Kramer
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Ethical questions with regard to treatment arise when pregnant women are diagnosed with cancer. Does the health of the mother or the health of the fetus take priority? However, research suggests that concern over transplacental transfer should not deter those seeking treatments since avoidance of favorable transfer drugs can allow chemotherapy to be a viable option if properly administered. Doctors highly contraindicate the use of chemotherapeutic drugs in the first trimester due to high risks such as teratogenesis and fetal death. However, they reassure that treatment can be given in the final two trimesters. It presents minimal consequences as long …
Pitch-Count And Its Effects On Shoulder Injuries: How To Keep A Pitcher Healthy, Alexander Malek
Pitch-Count And Its Effects On Shoulder Injuries: How To Keep A Pitcher Healthy, Alexander Malek
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Baseball is currently the fourth most popular sport in high schools across the country. However, pitchers are at a high risk to develop career ending injuries. Overuse can result in SLAP tears as well as torn rotator cuff muscles that can end a dream of pitching professionally. Major League Baseball has teamed up with leading sports medicine researchers to determine safe pitch-count guidelines for pitchers of all ages. Articles were found using Touro’s e-Journal database as well as Pubmed.gov to find pertinent research on this topic. Studies on ball velocity and scapular kinematics were done on three different levels of …
Eating Disorders: The Hidden Hormonal Effect On Fertility, Esther Tessler-Karfunkel
Eating Disorders: The Hidden Hormonal Effect On Fertility, Esther Tessler-Karfunkel
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Women who have a history of eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa, are more prone to suffer from infertility. There are several hormones which are the driving force in this system and are therefore responsible for this. Fortunately, there are treatments which can help women with a history of eating disorders to reproduce. Using information found on Pubmed and Touro College’s database, this paper will discuss why the body cannot reproduce when it is lacking proper nutrition, as well as the various dynamics in the human reproductive system which are compromised when the body is not properly nourished.
Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Adina Mezrahi
Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Adina Mezrahi
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
This objective of this review is to present the known data in regards to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in infants. Articles with relevant definitions, diagnosis and treatment options were evaluated. It is evident that much controversy exists in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, and there is the question as whether this disease can be called GERD. Current ability to attribute the symptoms infants present with the disease is still difficult to clarify, despite the fact that as many as 60% of infants show symptoms of this disease. The current testing options have proven to be insufficient in concretely …
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: How Can It Be Told Apart From Neurodegenerative Diseases Of The Elderly?, Raphael C. Zohn
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: How Can It Be Told Apart From Neurodegenerative Diseases Of The Elderly?, Raphael C. Zohn
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) affects more of the older population than people recognize. The underestimation of this neurological condition is due in most part to the overlap of its symptoms to other forms of dementia as well as many other geriatric conditions. The objective of this paper was to research and contrast various methods of differentiation in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus as well as find pretreatment indicators of successful surgery. Methods included reviewing of articles and studies done to evaluate which symptoms are most commonly presented in normal pressure hydrocephalus and their subtle differences from the symptoms of …
Delayed Versus Early Umbilical Cord Clamping, Bracha Yaffa Sachs
Delayed Versus Early Umbilical Cord Clamping, Bracha Yaffa Sachs
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Immediate cord clamping is a part of the active management of the third stage of labor. Active management is standard birth protocol because it significantly reduces the risk of maternal postpartum hemorrhaging. However, since recent evidence advocates delayed cord clamping, various medical practitioners and health organizations would like to incorporate delayed cord clamping in place of immediate cord clamping as a part of standard birth protocol. Proposed benefits include a serious decline in the prevalence of anemia, especially, in countries where anemia is endemic, as well as a decrease in the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage and late onset sepsis. Although …
Should Benzodiazepines Be Prescribed To Treat Insomnia And Anxiety Related Disorders?, Judith Nicole Margareten
Should Benzodiazepines Be Prescribed To Treat Insomnia And Anxiety Related Disorders?, Judith Nicole Margareten
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The following is an excerpt of the introduction of this article: Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed drugs used to treat insomnia and anxiety. They are often found in forms such as Xanax (alprazolam) and Valium (diazepam). For many, these drugs have proven essential for ensuring a restful night’s sleep, but for others they are the cause of sleepless ones. Negative effects of benzodiazepines such as addiction, dependence, and impaired cognition plague many patients. While doctors are prone to prescribe these medications readily due to their high level of effectiveness, this practice can pose a great risk to certain populations.
Is Thrombolytic Therapy Safe When Used To Treat Elderly Patients?, Daniel Yaeger
Is Thrombolytic Therapy Safe When Used To Treat Elderly Patients?, Daniel Yaeger
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Recently, research has been conducted to determine if thrombolytic therapy works to dissolve clots and if it is a safe treatment option. The specific purpose of this study is to determine if thrombolytic therapy is safe for use in the elderly. This study was conducted by reviewing the relevant literature that has been published from the time that research began to test the usefulness of thrombolytic therapy. Numerous journals were examined to ensure impartiality and emerge with an unbiased conclusion. The journals were discovered using PubMed article finder, using Google as a search engine, and by scrutinizing relevant references found …
A Proposed Mechanism For Drug-Induced Nightmares, Isaac Brezner
A Proposed Mechanism For Drug-Induced Nightmares, Isaac Brezner
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The following is the introduction of this article: The fields of neuropharmacology and psychopharmacology are known to be highly connected, despite our severe lack of knowledge in these fields. One of the many overlaps between the two fields is sleep, which itself entails many mechanisms and events which are, as of yet, unexplainable. From the perspective of either field, one of the most mysterious events occurring during sleep is dreaming. From the cause of dreams to their content, little is known about them or their more sinister subclassification: nightmares. In this field of disturbed dreaming, neuropharmacology makes a large intrusion …
The Effects Of Smoking On Pregnant Women, Meir Cohen
The Effects Of Smoking On Pregnant Women, Meir Cohen
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Smoking during pregnancy is accepted as the most significant avoidable risk factor for an unsuccessful pregnancy result. Smoking is linked with fetal growth restriction, and increasing evidence also suggests that smoking can cause stillbirth, preterm birth, placental abruption, and possibly sudden infant death syndrome. Smoking during pregnancy is also associated with enhanced risks of spontaneous abortions, ectopic pregnancies, and placenta previa, and it might increase risks of behavioral disorders in childhood. Studies have shown with randomized controlled trials, that smoking intervention during pregnancy has had limited success. Smoking during pregnancy continues to be an important risk factor for maternal and …
Folic Acid And Neural Tube Defects, Rachel Leah Feinstein
Folic Acid And Neural Tube Defects, Rachel Leah Feinstein
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
The following is an excerpt of this article: Neural tube defects (NTD) are the most common types of birth defects. Research shows that folic acid taken periconceptionally greatly reduces the risk of having a NTD affected child. This paper will explain the role that folate plays in the metabolism, specifically in synthesizing methionine. It will bring evidence to show that methionine is crucial for normal neural tube development. In addition, it will explore the genetic factor involved in folate metabolism and possible folate deficiency.
The Peanut Allergy Epidemic, Rivky Sachs
The Peanut Allergy Epidemic, Rivky Sachs
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Peanut allergy is one of the most predominant food allergies. It accounts for majority of the highly severe and fatal allergic reactions to food. Peanut allergy is generally detected early in life and is commonly associated with other atopic disorders such as asthma, eczema, and rhinitis. The prevalence and pervasiveness of peanut allergies is increasing worldwide, and most peanut allergic patients have lifelong sensitivities to peanuts (de Leon et al, 2008). Patients with severe allergies must stringently avoid any contact with peanuts and depend on intramuscular epinephrine (EpiPen) to counteract the reaction caused by intake of peanuts. Much research is …
Pregnancy Associated Breast Cancer: An Analysis Of Fetal Treatment Risk, Melissa Barnett
Pregnancy Associated Breast Cancer: An Analysis Of Fetal Treatment Risk, Melissa Barnett
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
There are several viable treatment options for patients with PABC considered un-harmful to fetal development. Trastusumab, or Herceptin, targets HER2 protein and successfully combats aggressive breast cancer. In standard doses, it appears to be safe to the fetus even when administered during the first trimester. A likely side effect of Herceptin is anhydramnios, which can be monitored for throughout the stages of a pregnancy (Shrim et al. 2008). Anthracyclines, commonly used in chemotherapy, appear to be non-toxic, and have been used to successfully cure PABC patients in their second and third trimester. However, first trimester spontaneous abortions are documented to …