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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Delineating The Mechanisms Of Misfolded Endoplasmic Reticulum (Er) Luminal Protein Retrotranslocation For Er-Associated Degradation, Christina Oikonomou
Delineating The Mechanisms Of Misfolded Endoplasmic Reticulum (Er) Luminal Protein Retrotranslocation For Er-Associated Degradation, Christina Oikonomou
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Secreted, plasma membrane, and resident proteins of the secretory pathway are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where they undergo post-translational modifications, oxidative folding, and subunit assembly in tightly monitored processes. An ER quality control (ERQC) system oversees protein maturation and ensures that only those reaching their native state will continue trafficking into the secretory pathway to reach their final destinations. Proteins that fail quality control must be recognized and eliminated to maintain ER proteostasis. The ER-associated degradation (ERAD) was discovered nearly 30 years ago and entails the identification of improperly matured secretory pathway proteins and their retrotranslocation to the …
Reverse Zoonosis Of Pandemic A(H1n1)Pdm09 Influenza Viruses At The Swine/Human Interface, Daniel Gene Darnell
Reverse Zoonosis Of Pandemic A(H1n1)Pdm09 Influenza Viruses At The Swine/Human Interface, Daniel Gene Darnell
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus emerged from the swine population. Despite frequent zoonotic events, swine influenza viruses had not become established in humans previously and little is known about host-barriers which prevent swine influenza viruses from efficiently infecting humans. Thus, the emergence of the H1N1pdm09 viruses in humans and the subsequent reverse zoonoses back to swine offered an extremely valuable opportunity to expand current knowledge. We used our active swine farm surveillance platform in combination with viruses from the USDA surveillance program to look for evidence of interspecies transmission of H1N1pdm09 viruses in the US. We found phylogenetic evidence …
Fear Learning And The Olfactory Bulb: Neural Correlates Of Behavioral Fear Generalization, Jordan Marie Ross
Fear Learning And The Olfactory Bulb: Neural Correlates Of Behavioral Fear Generalization, Jordan Marie Ross
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The exploration of how learning alters neural coding to guide behaviors remains fundamental to neuroscience. At the most basic level, the ability for organisms to flexibly adapt to changing environments and situations is paramount to biological success and often manifests in behavioral responses controlled by neural activity. For example, organisms must modify their behavior to defensive responses in the face of biological threat. Neural circuitry is involved in coordinating an initial defensive behavioral response but must undergo reorganization in order to reliably employ defensive responses in subsequent encounters based on a cue that signals imminent danger. One such form of …
Roles Of Γδ T Cells In Influenza Infections And Methods For Tcr Expression And Characterization, Xizhi Guo
Roles Of Γδ T Cells In Influenza Infections And Methods For Tcr Expression And Characterization, Xizhi Guo
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
"Influenza virus is a significant pathogen in humans and animals with the ability to cause extensive morbidity and mortality. Exuberant immune responses associated with immune cell migration/activation and cytokine/chemokine release, can be induced after infections. Recent studies have painted a complex picture of viral clearance and tissue repair in adults. The immune responses in neonatal influenza infections and the potential methods to engineer antigen-specific T cells for immunotherapy against cancers and infections will be the focus of this dissertation." "Compared to adults, infants suffer higher rates of hospitalization, severe clinical complications, and mortality due to influenza infection. We found that …
Investigation Of Cell-Type-Specific Effects And Synergistic Interactions Between Genes In Duplication 15q Syndrome, Kevin A. Hope
Investigation Of Cell-Type-Specific Effects And Synergistic Interactions Between Genes In Duplication 15q Syndrome, Kevin A. Hope
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Duplication 15q syndrome (Dup15q) is a genetic disorder caused by duplications of the 15q11.2-q13.1 region and is characterized by developmental delay, autism spectrum disorder, and treatment resistant epilepsy. Extra copies of the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBE3A and elevated levels of UBE3A expression in neurons are thought to be the primary cause of Dup15q phenotypes. However, animal models overexpressing UBE3A in neurons have not successfully recapitulated all aspects of Dup15q syndrome, especially epilepsy. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) to investigate Dup15q syndrome. In Chapter 2 we explored whether Dube3a, the Drosophila homolog of UBE3A, is imprinted in the fly …
Using Genetic Diversity To Understand Susceptibility To Cognitive Decline In Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, Sarah M. Neuner
Using Genetic Diversity To Understand Susceptibility To Cognitive Decline In Aging And Alzheimer’S Disease, Sarah M. Neuner
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
An individual's genetic makeup plays an important role in determining susceptibility to cognitive aging and transition to dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Identifying the specific genetic variants that contribute to cognitive aging and AD may aid in early diagnosis of at-risk patients, as well as identify novel therapeutics targets to treat or prevent development of symptoms. Challenges to identifying these specific genes in human studies include complex genetics, difficulty in controlling environmental factors, and limited access to human brain tissue. Here, we turned to genetically diverse mice from the BXD genetic reference panel (GRP) to overcome some of the …
Transcriptional Regulation Of Nlrc4 Inflammasome By Irf8, Ein Lee
Transcriptional Regulation Of Nlrc4 Inflammasome By Irf8, Ein Lee
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The NLRC4 inflammasome is a crucial part of the innate immune response against bacterial infections. We found that NLRC4 inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) is greatly dependent on interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8). NLRC4-mediated caspase-1 activation and subsequent production of the inflammasome-dependent cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and cell death were impaired in IRF8-deficient cells. IRF8 mediated the transcription of genes encoding NAIPs, the receptors for NLRC4 inflammasome, which recognize bacterial flagellin and type III secretion system (T3SS) proteins. IRF8 was critical for host survival following infection with Salmonella Typhimurium or Burkholderia thailandensis. Furthermore, mice deficient in IRF8 were …