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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Spatial/Temporal Zonation, Diversification, And Evolutionary Conservation Of Kidney Resident Macrophage Subpopulations In Mice And Humans After Kidney Injury, Elise Nicole Erman
Spatial/Temporal Zonation, Diversification, And Evolutionary Conservation Of Kidney Resident Macrophage Subpopulations In Mice And Humans After Kidney Injury, Elise Nicole Erman
All ETDs from UAB
In the United States, acute kidney injury (AKI) affects nearly 20% of all intensive care unit patients. Additionally, over a third of Americans aged 50 or older suffer from stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) or higher. AKI and CKD are encompassing terms for many etiologies and pathological processes that affect different regions of the kidney but converge at tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Macrophages perform vital homeostatic functions and can initiate or ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis. As the largest component of the kidney immune system, kidney resident macrophages (KRMs) have been implicated in both disease propagation and mitigation, yet the …
Proof Of Concept: The Use Of Renal Biomarkers In Critically Ill Pediatric Patients For Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Christopher Lee Shaffer
Proof Of Concept: The Use Of Renal Biomarkers In Critically Ill Pediatric Patients For Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Christopher Lee Shaffer
Theses & Dissertations
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and common complication in critically ill pediatric patients. The incidence of pediatric AKI continues to increase, especially in patients who undergo surgical correction of congenital heart defects. Serum creatinine and urine output are the most commonly used tools to assess renal function, with international guidelines standardizing AKI-definitions based upon these parameters. However, changes in serum creatinine can occur 24 hours or later after a renal insult event, delaying the diagnosis and potential interventions to reverse injury. It is critical to identify endogenous renal biomarkers within the pediatric population that are both timely and …
C-Reactive Protein Subverts The Myeloid Lineage: Implications For Renal Injury, Rachel Jimenez
C-Reactive Protein Subverts The Myeloid Lineage: Implications For Renal Injury, Rachel Jimenez
All ETDs from UAB
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition molecule that was first characterized for its participation in the acute phase response to bacterial infection. In the last 90 years, knowledge of CRP biology in innate immunity has expanded significantly. CRP is known to bind and activate the classical pathway of complement, to opsonize bacteria and inflamed tissue, and to modulate myeloid cell functions. CRP is normally present in the blood at low levels with its biosynthesis and serum concentration rapidly rises upon systemic inflammation. For example, high levels of serum CRP are found following acute kidney injury (AKI) in …
Mechanisms Of Acute Kidney Injury: The Role Of Ferritin Heavy Chain In Renal Heme-Unology, Laurence Marie Black
Mechanisms Of Acute Kidney Injury: The Role Of Ferritin Heavy Chain In Renal Heme-Unology, Laurence Marie Black
All ETDs from UAB
The kidneys are complex, multi-faceted organs that are responsible for regulatory processes, such as fluid homeostasis, hormone production, blood pressure regulation, and systemic toxin removal. Sudden disruption of these processes by acute kidney injury (AKI) causes rapid decline in renal function as well as significant morbidity and mortality. AKI is a significant clinical concern, affecting up to 13.3 million people globally each year and has the propensity to progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), though the mechanism remains undefined. One reason for this is due to the lack of understanding of models used to study both AKI and CKD, hindering …
Kidney Resident Macrophages Utilize Developmental Programming During Healing From Acute Kidney Injury, Jeremie Matthew Peabody Lever
Kidney Resident Macrophages Utilize Developmental Programming During Healing From Acute Kidney Injury, Jeremie Matthew Peabody Lever
All ETDs from UAB
Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be a devastating condition, affecting up to sixty percent of critically ill patients in the United States. Despite the fact that AKI is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality, there are no targeted therapies available to treat it. Kidney resident macrophages (KRM) are likely necessary for healing and resolution of animal models of AKI. However, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding how KRM effect this function. The purpose of my thesis was to elucidate lineage relationships and functionally relevant adaptations of KRM and monocyte-derived mononuclear phagocytes (infiltrative MP) …
Mechanisms Of Acute Kidney Injury: The Role Of Ferritin Heavy Chain In Renal Heme-Unology, Laurence Marie Black
Mechanisms Of Acute Kidney Injury: The Role Of Ferritin Heavy Chain In Renal Heme-Unology, Laurence Marie Black
All ETDs from UAB
The kidneys are complex, multi-faceted organs that are responsible for regulatory processes, such as fluid homeostasis, hormone production, blood pressure regulation, and systemic toxin removal. Sudden disruption of these processes by acute kidney injury (AKI) causes rapid decline in renal function as well as significant morbidity and mortality. AKI is a significant clinical concern, affecting up to 13.3 million people globally each year and has the propensity to progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), though the mechanism remains undefined. One reason for this is due to the lack of understanding of models used to study both AKI and CKD, hindering …
The Role Of C-Reactive Protein In Acute Kidney Injury, Melissa A. Pegues
The Role Of C-Reactive Protein In Acute Kidney Injury, Melissa A. Pegues
All ETDs from UAB
Acute kidney injury (AKI), which manifests as an abrupt decline in renal function, occurs in ~1% of all hospitalization. Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), a common cause of AKI, can occur in any situation where blood flow to the kidney is significantly reduced such as hypertensive crisis, cardiovascular surgery, and inevitably during renal transplantation. Mortality from AKI is up to 80% due to incomplete knowledge of the pathogenesis of IRI and the lack of an effective therapy. It is thought that cellular damage as a result of hypoxia signals the release of proinflammatory cytokines that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. …
Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Heme Oxygenase-1 Via Chromatin Looping In Renal Cells, Junghyun Kim
Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Heme Oxygenase-1 Via Chromatin Looping In Renal Cells, Junghyun Kim
All ETDs from UAB
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a critical enzyme catalyzing the degradation of heme and generating carbon monoxide, iron, and biliverdin. In addition to heme degradation, HO-1 expression is known to protect against various cellular insults and disease states including acute kidney injury, atherosclerosis, vascular restenosis, and others. Human HO-1 gene expression is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. The main goal of this study is to explore the transcriptional regulation of the human HO-1 gene in renal epithelial cells. Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) demonstrates that multiple regulatory regions within the HO-1 promoter and enhancer regions are physically interacting with each …
Role Of Heme Oxygenase-1 In Acute Kidney Injury, Subhashini Bolisetty
Role Of Heme Oxygenase-1 In Acute Kidney Injury, Subhashini Bolisetty
All ETDs from UAB
Acute kidney injury (AKI), defined as the rapid loss of kidney function, is often seen in the setting of multiple organ failure in critically ill patients. Lack of established therapeutic approaches to overcome AKI has lead to unacceptably high incidence of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The molecular mechanisms that lead to AKI often have oxidative stress as a common pathogenic event. The kidney responds by prompt induction of its own anti-oxidant machinery including the highly inducible, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic gene-heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). This microsomal enzyme degrades pro-oxidant heme, which is released from heme proteins. The cytoprotective properties of …