Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Dopaminergic Modulation Of Memory And Affective Processing In Parkinson Depression, Lee X. Blonder, John T. Slevin, Richard J. Kryscio, Catherine A. Martin, Anders H. Andersen, Charles D Smith, Frederick A. Schmitt

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Faculty Publications

Depression is common in Parkinson's disease and is associated with cognitive impairment. Dopaminergic medications are effective in treating the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease; however, little is known regarding the effects of dopaminergic pharmacotherapy on cognitive function in depressed Parkinson patients. This study examines the neuropsychological effects of dopaminergic pharmacotherapy in Parkinsonian depression. We compared cognitive function in depressed and non-depressed Parkinson patients at two time-points: following overnight withdrawal and after the usual morning regimen of dopaminergic medications. A total of 28 non-demented, right-handed patients with mild to moderate idiopathic Parkinson's disease participated. Ten of these patients were depressed according …

Diet And Toenail Arsenic Concentrations In A New Hampshire Population With Arsenic-Containing Water, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Roxanne Karimi, Joann F. Gruber, M Scot Zens, Vicki Sayarath, Carol L. Folt, Tracy Punshon, J. Steven Morris, Margaret R. Karagas

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Limited data exist on the contribution of dietary sources of arsenic to an individual's total exposure, particularly in populations with exposure via drinking water. Here, the association between diet and toenail arsenic concentrations (a long-term biomarker of exposure) was evaluated for individuals with measured household tap water arsenic. Foods known to be high in arsenic, including rice and seafood, were of particular interest.

Methods: Associations between toenail arsenic and consumption of 120 individual diet items were quantified using general linear models that also accounted for household tap water arsenic and potentially confounding factors (e.g., age, caloric intake, sex, smoking) …

One, Two And Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Measurements Of Carotid Atherosclerosis Before And After Cardiac Rehabilitation: Preliminary Results Of A Randomized Controlled Trial., Tamas J Lindenmaier, Daniel N Buchanan, Damien Pike, Tim Hartley, Robert D Reid, J David Spence, Richard Chan, Michael Sharma, Peter L Prior, Neville Suskin, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

BACKGROUND: It is still not known how patients who are post-transient ischemic attack (TIA) or post-stroke might benefit from prospectively planned comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR). In this pilot evaluation of a larger ongoing randomized-controlled-trial, we evaluated ultrasound (US) measurements of carotid atherosclerosis in subjects following TIA or mild non-disabling stroke and their relationship with risk factors before and after 6-months of CCR.

METHODS: Carotid ultrasound (US) measurements of one-dimensional intima-media-thickness (IMT), two-dimensional total-plaque-area (TPA), three-dimensional total-plaque-volume (TPV) and vessel-wall-volume (VWV) were acquired before and after 6-months CCR for 39 subjects who had previously experienced a TIA and provided written informed …

An Integrated Clinico-Metabolomic Model Improves Prediction Of Death In Sepsis., Raymond J. Langley, Ephraim L. Tsalik, Jennifer C. Van Velkinburgh, Seth W. Glickman, Brandon J. Rice, Chunping Wang, Bo Chen, Lawrence Carin, Arturo Suarez, Robert P. Mohney, Debra H. Freeman, Mu Wang, Jinsam You, Jacob Wulff, J Will Thompson, M Arthur Moseley, Stephanie Reisinger, Brian T. Edmonds, Brian Grinnell, David R. Nelson, Darrell L. Dinwiddie, Neil A. Miller, Carol J. Saunders, Sarah Soden, Angela J. Rogers, Lee Gazourian, Laura E. Fredenburgh, Anthony F. Massaro, Rebecca M. Baron, Augustine M K Choi, G Ralph Corey, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Charles B. Cairns, Ronny M. Otero, Vance G. Fowler, Emanuel P. Rivers, Christopher W. Woods, Stephen F. Kingsmore

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Sepsis is a common cause of death, but outcomes in individual patients are difficult to predict. Elucidating the molecular processes that differ between sepsis patients who survive and those who die may permit more appropriate treatments to be deployed. We examined the clinical features and the plasma metabolome and proteome of patients with and without community-acquired sepsis, upon their arrival at hospital emergency departments and 24 hours later. The metabolomes and proteomes of patients at hospital admittance who would ultimately die differed markedly from those of patients who would survive. The different profiles of proteins and metabolites clustered into the …

Progression Of Carotid Plaque Volume Predicts Cardiovascular Events, Thapat Wannarong, Grace Parraga, Daniel Buchanan, Aaron Fenster, Andrew A House, Daniel G Hackam, J David Spence

Medical Biophysics Publications

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carotid ultrasound evaluation of intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque burden has been used for risk stratification and for evaluation of antiatherosclerotic therapies. Increasing evidence indicates that measuring plaque burden is superior to measuring IMT for both purposes. We compared progression/regression of IMT, total plaque area (TPA), and total plaque volume (TPV) as predictors of cardiovascular outcomes.

METHODS: IMT, TPA, and TPV were measured at baseline in 349 patients attending vascular prevention clinics; they had TPA of 40 to 600 mm(2) at baseline to qualify for enrollment. Participants were followed up for ≤5 years (median, 3.17 years) to …

On The Role Of Abnormal Dl(Co) In Ex-Smokers Without Airflow Limitation: Symptoms, Exercise Capacity And Hyperpolarised Helium-3 Mri, Miranda Kirby, Amir Owrangi, Sarah Svenningsen, Andrew Wheatley, Harvey O Coxson, Nigel A M Paterson, David G Mccormack, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

BACKGROUND: The functional effects of abnormal diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in ex-smokers without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well understood.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate and compare well established clinical, physiological and emerging imaging measurements in ex-smokers with normal spirometry and abnormal DLCO with a group of ex-smokers with normal spirometry and DLCO and ex-smokers with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I COPD.

METHODS: We enrolled 38 ex-smokers and 15 subjects with stage I COPD who underwent spirometry, plethysmography, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), 6 min Walk Test (6MWT), x-ray CT and …

A Study Of Small Rnas From Cerebral Neocortex Of Pathology-Verified Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia With Lewy Bodies, Hippocampal Sclerosis, Frontotemporal Lobar Dementia, And Non-Demented Human Controls, Sébastien S. Hébert, Wang-Xia Wang, Qi Zhu, Peter T. Nelson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (20-22 nucleotides) regulatory non-coding RNAs that strongly influence gene expression. Most prior studies addressing the role of miRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have focused on individual diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), making disease-to-disease comparisons impossible. Using RNA deep sequencing, we sought to analyze in detail the small RNAs (including miRNAs) in the temporal neocortex gray matter from non-demented controls (n = 2), AD (n = 5), dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 4), hippocampal sclerosis of aging (n = 4), and frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) (n = 5) cases, together accounting for the most prevalent …

Cytoplasmic Localization Of Alteration/Deficiency In Activation 3 (Ada3) Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome In Breast Cancer Patients., Sameer Mirza, Emad A. Rakha, Alaa Alshareeda, Shakur Mohibi, Xiangshan Zhao, Bryan J. Katafiasz, Jun Wang, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Aditya Bele, Ian O. Ellis, Andrew R. Green, Hamid Band, Vimla Band

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

Transcriptional activation by estrogen receptor (ER) is a key step to breast oncogenesis. Given previous findings that ADA3 is a critical component of HAT complexes that regulate ER function and evidence that overexpression of other ER coactivators such as SRC-3 is associated with clinical outcomes in breast cancer, the current study was designed to assess the potential significance of ADA3 expression/localization in human breast cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed ADA3 expression in breast cancer tissue specimens and assessed the correlation of ADA3 staining with cancer progression and patient outcome. Tissue microarrays prepared from large series of breast cancer …

Retinal Vascular Biomarkers For Early Detection And Monitoring Of Alzheimer's Disease, Shawn Frost, Yogi Kanagasingam, Hamid Sohrabi, J Vignarajan, P Bourgeat, Olivier Salvado, Victor Villemagne, Christopher Rowe, S Lance Macaulay, Cassandra Szoeke, Kathryn A. Ellis, David Ames, Colin L. Masters, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2013

The earliest detectable change in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the buildup of amyloid plaque in the brain. Early detection of AD, prior to irreversible neurological damage, is important for the efficacy of current interventions as well as for the development of new treatments. Although PiB-PET imaging and CSF amyloid are the gold standards for early AD diagnosis, there are practical limitations for population screening. AD-related pathology occurs primarily in the brain, but some of the hallmarks of the disease have also been shown to occur in other tissues, including the retina, which is more accessible for imaging. Retinal vascular changes …