Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing The Metformin, Oral Contraceptive Pills And Their Combination In Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hamed Mohamed Hamed Abd El Rahman, Mohamed Ali Mohamed, Mohamed Ibrahem Mohamed Ibrahem

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of metformin also OCP in females with PCOS. Subject and Methods: This was a prospective study that included three hundred patients who were chosen at random from patients who attended outpatient obstetrics and gynecology clinics at Al-Azhar University Hospitals. Samples were obtained using a systematic random technique. Results: Variations in age, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio among the groups were statistically significant. Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature demonstrated no statistically significant distinctions among the 2 groups. There was significant variance among examined group as regard TG, LDL-cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose and Fasting insulin. There was …

Role Of Transcerebellar Diameter And Abdominal Circumference In Assessment Of Gestational Age In Both Normal And Intrauterine Growth Restricted Fetuses, Mohamed Mohamed Gebril, Mofeed Fawzy Mohamed, Mohamed Hamdy Elshabrawy Mohamed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The process of providing obstetric and neonatal care, in addition to the monitoring of the outcomes of pregnancy by the public health system, requires an accurate estimate of the gestational age of the fetus. An incorrect estimation of the mother's gestational age has been associated with several different unfavorable birth outcomes, for example low birth weight, spontaneous preterm delivery, and death during the perinatal period. Aim and objectives: Identifying a Reliable Method for 2nd and 3rd Trimester Gestational Age Assessment and IUGR Diagnosis. Subjects and methods: This 2-dimensional ultrasound study included 100 pregnant patients at Al Azhar University Hospitals' …

Comparative Study Between Three-Dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasonography And Hysteroscopy In The Diagnosis Of Uterine Cavity Abnormalities In Infertile Women, Ahmed Soliman Hassan Zaki, Ismail Mohmed Abd-El Aziem Mira, Abd El-Monsef Abd El-Hamid Sedek

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The uterus of 34%-62% of infertile women has abnormalities. Clinical hysterosalpingography (HSG), saline infusion sonohysterography (saline sonohysterography [SIS]), transvaginal sonography (TVS) or two-dimensional (2D) TVS, diagnostic hysteroscopy, three-dimensional TVS (3D TVS), and even magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have all been used to evaluate the uterine cavity. However, diagnostic hysteroscopy has been the standard for examining uterine diseases in cases of infertility for several decades. Aim and objectives: compare the diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy in detecting intrauterine cavitary lesions or abnormalities in infertile women. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional observational study compared 150 women who visited …

Evaluation Of Dual Trigger Versus Higher Dose Hcg Trigger In Antagonist Protocol For Patients With Low Number Of Oocytes Retrieved Per Number Of Follicles, Gamal Ibrahim Abou El Serour, Mohamed Khaled Mostafa, Mohamed Shehata Abdel All, Bahy Abd El Hamid Hussein Zaki

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Controlled ovarian hyper stimulation is a critical step in the process of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer because it ensures the absorption of a large number of oocytes that are of sufficient quality to be fertilized.This condition's source, mechanism, and/or pathophysiology are still unknown, unpredictable, and unpreventable, despite the years of clinical experience that have been accumulated. Aim and objectives: To assess the efficiency of utilizing a dual trigger as opposed to a higher dosage of hCG as a trigger in an antagonist protocol for the purpose of improving the number of up taken eggs per number of …

Evaluation Of Yolk Sac Diameter, Gestational Sac Diameter, Embryonic Heart Rate As Prognostic Factor Of 1st Trimester Outcome, Fahd Abdelal Al Omda, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed, Abdelrahman Ali Abdallh Okasha

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Ultrasound at 5 weeks gestation reveals the yolk sac's hypoechoic centre and echogenic rim. Between 8 and 11 weeks of pregnancy, it expands and then disappears. Larger yolk sacs cause more miscarriages. Normal yolk sacs reduce first-trimester complications. A normal yolk sac predicts a 94% typical result. By 5 weeks, the embryonic heartbeat is visible. The fetal heart rate rose from 118 to 167 beats per minute between 6 and 10 weeks. An embryonic heart rate (EHR) of 100 BPM is abnormal and related to an 83.3% loss rate early in pregnancy (6-9 weeks). Aim: Does Assessment of gestational …

Classical Antagonist Protocol In Comparison With Agonist Stop Protocol In Pcos Women Undergoing Icsi Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Mohamed Sameeh Kamal Mohamed, Hassan Ahmed Abdrbo, Mohamed Mohamed Farahat

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background and aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is distinguished by hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea, and a cystic ovarian morphology. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is more likely to occur in women with PCOS who undergo IVF. The utilization of hCG to begin the ovum's ultimate maturation is a significant mechanism in OHSS . The ESHRE guidelines recommend that in women with PCOS undergoing ICSI/IVF treatment the gonadotrophine releasing hormone antagonist protocol is optimal or superior to gonadotrophin releasing agonist long protocol. In this study we aimed to Compare pregnancy rate between classical (standard) antagonist protocol to agonist stop/antagonist protocol in women with PCOS …

A Comparative Study Of The Transverse Cerebellar Diameter Of The Fetus With The Biparietal Diameter And Femur Length In Estimation Of Diagnostic Accuracy Of Gestational Age In The Second And Third Trimesters Of Pregnancy, Mohamed Mohamed Gebreel, Mofeed Fawzy Mohamed, Sherif Ahmed Hassan Abdel Fattah

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The management of antenatal care and the successful planning of an appropriate intervention or therapy depend greatly on the determination of gestational age (GA). When dates are ambiguous or there is a suspicion of intrauterine growth retardation, transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) provides a significant advantage in predicting GA. Aim of the work: to compare TCD measurement to existing fetal biometric measures such as femur length (FL) and biparietal diameter (BPD) in order to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of TCD measure in estimating GA throughout the second and third trimesters. Patients and methods: The obstetrics and gynecology department of El-Sheikh …

Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (Tap) Block For Pain Control In Patients Intraoperative Cesarean Section, Yehia Abdel Salam Wafa, Mofeed Fawzy, Mohamed Othman Mahmoud Nagy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a peripheral nerve block that anesthetizes the abdominal wall. The thoracolumbar nerves (T10-L1) are located in the fascial plane (TAP) among the internal oblique & transverses abdominis muscles. Aim of the study: The objective of the research is to analyze the evidence and assess the analgesic efficacy of ropivacaine TAP block for 24 hours following Pfannenstiel incision caesarean surgery. Patients and methods: A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 females undergoing cesarean section in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Al-Azhar University Hospital and El-Fayoum General Hospital. The participants …

Comparison Between Transcerebellar Diameter And Biparietal Diameter And Femur Length For Gestational Age Measurement Accuracy In Third Trimester, Abd Almenem Zakaria, Ahmed Mohamed Saeed, Mohammed Hassan Mohammed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Less of the physiologic diversity of late gestation was evident in transcerebellar diameter (TCD) compared to several other biometric measures. Menstrual history, clinical examination, and ultrasound are all used to estimate the gestational age of a fetus. In the absence of known risk factors, diagnostic ultrasonography is routinely used to monitor fetal development & confirm the presence of clinical complications. Our study aimed at comparison of the current last menstrual period, femur length, as well as biparietal diameter with transcerebellar diameter measurement for estimating gestational age in the third trimester. Our study was an observational trial was carried out on …

Role Of Retro-Chorionic Blood Flow Doppler In Early Prediction Of First Trimsetric Miscarriage, Ismail Mohamed Abd Elazim Mira, Mostafa Mohamed El-Laban, Ehab Taha Anwar Bakhaty

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Miscarriage is the most typical early pregnancy complication and a significant clinical problem even today. The etiology of this illness is poorly understood, and as a result, therapy regimens are based on scant evidence. The study objective was to assess the role of retro-chorionic blood flow doppler in early prediction of first trimester miscarriage. This prospective cohort study was carried out at a major medical center at the department of obstetrics & gynecology at Al Sayed Galal University Hospital from June 2022 till March 2023 and performed on total 100 patients who presented with singleton pregnancy and gestational age from …

A Comparative Study Between Cephalexin And Fosfomycin In The Treatment Of Urinary Tract Infection During Pregnancy, Mostafa Ramadan Soliman Mohamed, Ashraf Hamdy Mohamed, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection in pregnancy which has a serious complications for mother and fetus, so management of it by serial antibiotics is important. Aim of this Work was to compare between Cephalexin and Fosfomycin in the treatment of urinary tract infection during pregnancy. This randomized controlled study was conducted on 200 women attended at the Obstetrics and Gynecology department in Shebin El-Kom teaching hospital from October 2021 through April 2022. Patients were randomized to: (F) group: includes 100 cases treated with fosfomycin, and (C) group: includes 100 cases treated with cephalexin. Redarding our results …

Gray Scale 2d Ultrasound In Relation To Coagulation Profile And Uterine Artery Doppler Indices In Women With Postmenopausal Bleeding, Lamiaa Mohammed Yosri, Reham Saeed Mohammed Aly, Asmaa Abady Awad

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding in postmenopausal women is a common complaint in general gynecological practice. Progression and prognosis of AUB primarily relies on invasive surgery and pathology so our research aimed to evaluate the use of non-invasive procedures such as uterine artery Doppler indices and coagulation profile in detecting some underlaying causes of AUB. Aim and objectives: To evaluate the coagulation profile (PT, PTT, INR and platelete count) in women with postmenopausal bleeding in relation to 2D ultrasound endometrial thickness and uterine artery Doppler. Patients and methods: This longitudinal observational study was performed at the departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology …

Laparoscopic Tubal Salpingotomy Versus Salpingectomy In Management Of Tubal Ectopic: Impact On Future Fertility, Ahmed Maher El Awadi, Abd Elrhman Mostafa Abd Elrhman Anbar, Ahmed Shaaban Mohamed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the main cause of maternal death during the first trimester of pregnancy and accounts for approximately 10% of all pregnancy related deaths.

Aim of the work: The aim of this research is to observe fertility outcomes after laparoscopic tubal salpingotomy vs laparoscopic tubal salpingectomy in management of tubal ectopic. As regards decline in HCG and hystrosalpingogram (HSG) done 3 months post-operative.

Patient and Method: This prospective observational study was carried out in Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, El-Hussein University Hospital on 52 pregnant women diagnosed as tubal ectopic pregnancies in the period from 5/2021 to 10/2022. …

Post-Caesarean Section Niche-Related Impaired Fertility, Fahd Abdelal El Omda, Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed, Mohamed Elbayoumy Mohamed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

A cesarean section is a common surgical operation all around the world. Post-caesarean niches, sometimes called isthmoceles, are anechoic myometrial indentation at the caesarean scar site caused by improper healing. Our study aimed to examine the role of the postoperative niche in reducing fertility following a cesarean surgery. 50 cases were randomly recruited from those who visited the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics at Al Azhar University Hospitals for this prospective observational, cross-sectional study. Our results revealed that Mean age in included 50 cases, mean duration of secondary infertility was 2.62 years, 76% of cases had elective CS , 24% …

The Effect Of Diabetes Mellitus On Fetal Hemodynamic Indices In Late Pregnancy And Fetal Birth Weight, Ahmed Altaf Abbas, Ahmed Mohamed Al-Sheikh, Mahamed Hosny Mousa El-Behery

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: One of the most prevalent adverse pregnancy outcomes is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Different degrees of impaired glucose metabolism characterize GDM, which is typically diagnosed during pregnancy. Consistent economic growth, rising living standards, and the introduction of more stringent diagnostic criteria have all contributed to a rise in GDM morbidity in emerging nations in recent years. Aim and objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not gestational diabetes has an impact on fetal hemodynamics, fetal growth indices, and birth weight. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional prospective comparative study included 210 pregnant ladies between 36 – …

Comparison Between Cu T 380 A Iucd Insertion During Cesarean Section With Fixation And 6 Weeks Postpartum, Yehia Abdel Salam Wafa, Fahd Abd Elaal Alomda, Ahmed Shokry Ahmed Nasr

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Suturing to the uterine fundus during a cesarean delivery utilizing the hung up approach for immediate post placental implantation of IUCD Cu T 380 A is a safe and successful procedure; no cases of ejection or perforation have been documented. Aim of work: The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of inserting an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) with fixation during a lower segment cesarean section as a method of contraception, as well as the impact of fixation on the expulsion rate in comparison to the traditional approach. Patient and methods: At Al Galaa Maternity …

Role Of Progesterone And Inhibin A In Predicting The Adverse Outcome Of Pregnancy, Ahmed Hassan Khedr, Amany Seif Mohammed Soliman, Yasmine M. Amrousy, Shaimaa Elsayed Belal

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: The prediction of future miscarriages in patients who have had a first-trimester abortion can be improved by measuring levels of inhibin A and progesterone. Pregnancy outcomes can be improved by using this important information to direct clinical treatment and care Objective. Progesterone and Inhibin A during the first trimester can be used to quickly and precisely detect pregnancy outcomes, improving prenatal services. Methods: A total of 180 women from Badr City Hospital participated in the study, split up into two groups: group b contained ninety women who had undergone a first-trimester abortion, and group a comprised ninety well-being expectant …

The Value Of Middle Cerebral Versus Umbilical Artery Doppler In The Prediction Of Neonatal Outcome Among Primi Gravida With Hypertension, Samir Abdalla Ali, Emad Mohamed Ibrahim Atalla, Ahmed Abdelhamid Ahmed Awad

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background; Doppler ultrasonography is typically used to examine umbilical arteries, however recent research have shown that middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler examination is equally effective and strongly recommend it. Aim and objectives; This study sought to determine how well the ratio of the middle cerebral artery to umbilical artery pulsatility could be used to predict a newborn's outcome in Primi Gravida with hypertension. Subjects and methods: Women who have Primi Gravida with Hypertension participated in this cohort research. Between December 2021 and November 2022, Emergency personnel and workers at ALHUSSIEN University Hospital's foetal care unit 100 patients with severe preeclampsia …

A Comparative Study Between Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (Usg-Tap) Block Vs Open Surgical Technique For Post Cesarean Section Pain Control, Abd El-Moneim Mohamed Zakaria, Magdy Ahmed Abdel Momen, Ahmed Mohamed Saeed, Moustafa Mahomoud Nasr Hemdan

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Opioids are linked to significant health problems, such as nausea, vomiting, sedations, pruritus, and respiratory depressions in addition to newborns adverse effects via opioid transmitting across breastfeeding during caesarean section, even after the efficient stages of post-operative analgesia attained with the administration of opioids in combination with NSAIDs and paracetamol continuing to follow general anaesthesia.

Aim of the work: This study's objective is to evaluate pain levels at (rests and movements), and need for opioids following cesarean section using TAP block techniques (USG TAP, intraoperative direct vision TAP).

Patients and Methods: This study comprised 100 pregnant women who underwent …

Doppler Study Of Uterine And Ovarian Arteries In Predication Of Post Insertion Heavy Menstrual Bleeding In Iucd Patients, Tag El-Din Ahmed Muhammad El-Sayed, Mofeed Fawzy Mohamed El-Sharkawy, Mohamed Ahmed Abdel Moaty

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Worldwide, intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) are widely utilized. Uterine hemorrhage and/or period pain are copper IUD side effects. Resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) did not change significantly following copper-medicated IUD insertion (PI). Power Doppler investigation showed that the copper-IUD affected sub endometrial micro vascularization in side-effect patients (dysmenorrhea or menorrhagia). Doppler assessment of blood flow indicators before insertion can identify women prone to menorrhagia or menstrual pain. Aim: To evaluate resistance index of the uterine and ovarian arteries as well as power Doppler energy of subendometrial microvascularization, before and three months after insertion of IUCD, using vaginal …

Correlation Of Acetylcholinesterase Activity And Bone Biochemical Markers In Premature And Full-Term Neonates, Khaled Mohammed Elsayed, Abd Elaziz Abd Elrahman Alnokaly, Mohammed Abd El-Malik Hassan, Mabrouk Mahmoud Abo Elenin

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Prematurity lowers body weight and bone mineral density in nearly 30% of preterm newborns. Premature newborns are not screened for metabolic bone disease, hence bone biochemical markers should be investigated. Acetylcholinesterase mediates bone remodeling in recent investigations. Bone biochemical indicators and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels in preterm newborns may be linked. Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate the probable correlation of AChE levels with multiple bone biomarkers in full-term and premature neonates. Subjects and Methods: This study was designed as a case control study. We examined 80 newborns (40 preterm with gestational age less than 37 weeks, …

Uterine Artery Doppler Indices As Determinant Of Success In Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection, Abd-Elqawy Hendawy Shams, Fahd Abd Elall El Omda, Noha Mohamed Sabry

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Patients with infertility are usually advised to have intracytoplasmic sperm injections (ICSI). Doppler ultrasound, which uses high frequency transvaginal probes and coloured pictures, is one of the most frequently used methods in this field. One of the parameters supplied by an ultrasonographic test for determining the success of IVF includes endometrial thickness, endometrial pattern, endometrial volume, and endometrial blood flow. Aim: To detect implantation window using uterine artery indices in ICSI cycles. Subject and Methods: This study will be concluded at the assisted reproductive techniques unit of AlAzhar University on 100 patients. Results: Regarding BMI, there …

The Efficacy Of Intraoperative Intrauterine Iud Insertion During Cesarean Section, Ehab Hassanin Mohammad, El Metwally Farouk El Shahat, Mohamed Atef Ibrahim Abd Eldaim

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) can be placed at a caesarean section (CS) for the first time in a woman's life. If the IUD is safe and effective for CS scars, they may use it as a long-acting reversible contraception. Objectives: to evaluate CS intraoperative intrauterine IUD implantation. Subjects and methods: The Al-Azhar University Faculty of Medicine's Obstetrics & Gynecology Department conducted a randomised controlled experiment on 40 women. Results: Our population had 5.2% significant bleeding, displacement, and infection and 12.8% discontinuation. 0% failed. After 2 months, 87.2% of patients were satisfied. Conclusion: Tubal ligation and immediate postplacental implantation …

Efficacy Of Dexamethasone On Latent Phase During Induction Of Labour, Yehia Abd Elsalam Wafa, Abd Elmonaem Mohammed Zakaria, Youssef Hassan Ahmed Rizk

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands form the axis around which the process of giving birth revolves. Fetal adrenal steroid hormones change the noncontractile myometrium into the contractile state, affecting the placenta and membranes, Aim: The objective of this research was to determine the effect of intramuscular dexamethasone injection on the time among labor induction and the commencement of active phase of labor, as well as the duration of active phase. Patients and Methods: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial conducted on pregnant women visiting the maternity ward of Al-Hussein University hospital for a period of 12 …

Role Of Transvaginal Ultrasonography In Assessment Of Uterine And Adnexal Factors Of Infertility, Osama El-Saeed Aly, Saged Mohamed Elmazzaly, Mohammed Abdel-Aziz Ibrahim El-Menshawy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: There are many categories of female infertility factors, including cervix or uterus, ovary, tubal, as well as others.

Aim of the study: Our study aimed to evaluate the role of transvaginal ultrasonography in female infertility diagnosis. Ultrasound is becoming a crucial component of current female infertility examinations and assisted conception treatments.

Patients and Methods: One hundred cases of infertility at Al-Azhar University Hospital and Damanhour teaching Hospital were selected based on clinical diagnosis, ultrasonographic and laboratory findings. Examined by transvaginal ultrasonography to define the cause of infertility.

Results: Our results showed that On doing TVUS for all women in …

Continuous Versus Intermittent Oxytocin Infusion Throughout The Active Phase Of Labor: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Mohammed Mohammed Gebreil, Ahmed Muhamed Ahmed Abdelmoaty, Hany Mahrous Elsayed Mansour

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Modern obstetric practice includes augmentation of labour, which leads to progressive cervicovaginal effacement and dilation as well as childbirth. The use of several acceptable procedures has significantly improved induction's safety and reliability in recent years. Aim and objectives: to contrast the effects of oxytocin infusions that are continuous with those that are intermittent during labor's active phase. Subjects and methods: 200 pregnant women participated in an interventional, randomised clinical research at El-Hussein University Hospital's Obstetrics and Gynecology Division. Two equal groups made up this study. Group (A): 100 pregnant women who had continuous oxytocin infusion labour induction made up …

Study The Correlation Between Placental Thickness And Fetal Weight, Samir Abdallah Ali, Abdel Monsef Abdel Ghaffar Mustafa, Ali Mohammed Ali

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background; The placenta is around 3 cm thick at term when the cord is inserted in the third trimester. To measure placental thickness transabdominally, one must position an ultrasound transducer perpendicular to the placenta's plane. Aim and objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between placental thickness and foetal weight.

Patients and methods: 300 pregnant women participated in this cross-sectional prospective study, which was carried out at the Al-Hussein University Hospital's outpatient gynaecology clinic.

Results: The mean Placental thickness (mm) was 31.89 ± 7.50, and the mean fetal weight (gms) was 2272.91 ± 1379.07. The APGAR …

Comparative Study Between Immediate Versus Post Puerperium Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Insertion During Caesarean Section, Mohamed Mohamed Gebreel, Samir Khamis Galal, Tamer Mohsen Elnahas, Hany Mohammed Mohammed Abo Hamed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: An intrauterine device (IUD) is a reliable reversible method of birth control. We assessed the effectiveness and security of cesarean delivery immediate postplacental IUD implantation. A long-term, reversible method of birth control is the copper intrauterine device, or IUD. Typically, copper IUDs are constructed of T-shaped plastic with certain areas exposed copper. Women had few long-term choices for safe, effective birth control prior to the development of the first IUDs. These largely relied on oral birth control pills and barrier techniques, which were only effective when taken appropriately and regularly.

Aim: The study's objective was to evaluate the effectiveness …

Progestin Versus Metformin And Progestin In Treatment Of Endometrial Hyperplasia Without Atypia In Premenopausal Women, Mohamed Mohamed Gebreel, Muhamed Ahmed Abdelmoaty, Mohamed Arafa El-Metwally

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Endometrial hyperplasia is a probable precursor to endometrial cancer and a main cause of severe abnormal bleeding. Recently, metformin has been proposed as an adjunctive medicine for improved outcome in treating EH. Metformin has been shown to have anticancer efficacy by reducing cell proliferation and slowing tumor growth, according to recent studies. Aim and objectives: to compare between progestin versus metformin and progestin in treatment of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia in premenopausal females. Subjects & methods This comparative randomized controlled experiment was conducted at Al-Hussein University Hospital, obstetrics and gynecology department on 60 premenopausal women diagnosed by endometrial hyperplasia …

Pretreatment With Letrozole Plus Misoprostol Versus Misoprostol Alone In Induction Of Missed Miscarriage, El-Sayed Mohamed Taha Saadallah, Abdelrahman Ragab Rashed, Ahmed Hafez El-Badri Gad

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Abortion, also known as miscarriage, is a common pregnancy problem that can happen naturally or be induced in order to terminate a pregnancy before the fetus has a chance to survive outside the uterus. Ten to twenty percent of all clinically confirmed pregnancies end in a missed miscarriage. Aim & objectives: to compare between repercussions of Letrozole plus Misoprostol also Misoprostol alone by means of inducing missed miscarriage. Subjects & methods: This comparative trial was performed on 74 cases who were recruited from the patients presenting in the outpatient obstetric clinic or the Emergency department in Al-Hussein & Sayed …