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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
A High Fructose Diet Alters Affective-Like Behavior And Metrics Of Synaptic Mitochondrial Function Differentially In Male And Female Rats, Alix H. Kloster
A High Fructose Diet Alters Affective-Like Behavior And Metrics Of Synaptic Mitochondrial Function Differentially In Male And Female Rats, Alix H. Kloster
Theses and Dissertations
Fructose consumption has become a normalized part of the standard American diet over the past 40 years. While fructose consumption is a known risk factor of metabolic syndrome, there is increasing evidence that fructose consumption influences brain and behavior. Recently, more interest has been focused on mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential link between metabolic stress and modifications of the central nervous system. Mitochondria are in the unique position of both regulating and being vulnerable to alterations in energy homeostasis. Sex-differences are well categorized in the presentation of metabolic symptoms associated with excessive fructose consumption. Thus, it is important to characterize …
Determining The Effect Of Knocking Out Microrna-21 On Subsarcolemmal And Interfibrillar Mitochondria, Madhur Batra
Determining The Effect Of Knocking Out Microrna-21 On Subsarcolemmal And Interfibrillar Mitochondria, Madhur Batra
Theses and Dissertations
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a growing problem across the world and has significant pathological changes associated with it, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, wherein cardiac function is reduced. MicroRNA-21 has been shown to play a role in both the heart and diabetes so it was thought that knocking out miR-21 could have a protective effect on oxidative phosphorylation function in diabetic mice. Subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria were isolated from adult male WT, miR-21 KO, db/db, and double knockout mice (db/db and miR-21 KO cross) and evaluated for function. Knocking out miR-21 in diabetic mice showed a restorative effect in Complex I …
Mitochondrial Biogenesis And Electrical Properties Of Hpsc-Derived Motor Neurons, Laura O'Brien
Mitochondrial Biogenesis And Electrical Properties Of Hpsc-Derived Motor Neurons, Laura O'Brien
Theses and Dissertations
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great promise in the fields of drug development and regenerative medicine. If iPSCs reprogrammed from patient cells replicate what is seen in vivo they may be used as a model of disease. A process that is disrupted in many neurodegenerative diseases is mitochondrial biogenesis. One of these diseases is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which is characterized by loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Differentiation of hPSCs into motor neurons offers a way to study a previous unavailable cell …
The Mechanism Of Mitochondrial Folate Transport By The Mitochondrial Folate Transporter, Scott Alan Lawrence
The Mechanism Of Mitochondrial Folate Transport By The Mitochondrial Folate Transporter, Scott Alan Lawrence
Theses and Dissertations
The mitochondrial folate transport protein (MFT) functions to transport folates into the mitochondrial matrix. The MFT is a member of a mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) of proteins that have a high degree of sequence and structural similarities, yet they transport vastly different substrates at high specificities. In this dissertation research, the folate-specific transport mechanism of the MFT was explored using experimental and computational techniques. MFT residues that differed from MCF consensus residues in conserved PxD/ExxK/R motifs and at a predicted substrate-binding site common to all MCF proteins were investigated. Site-directed mutagenesis of these anomalous residues in the MFT revealed that …
Action Of Tyrosyl Dna Phosphodiesterase On 3'-Phosphoglycolate Terminated Dna Strand Breaks, Haritha Tatavarthi
Action Of Tyrosyl Dna Phosphodiesterase On 3'-Phosphoglycolate Terminated Dna Strand Breaks, Haritha Tatavarthi
Theses and Dissertations
Free radical-mediated DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are induced either directly by ionizing radiation or by certain chemicals like bleomycin. These breaks are terminated by 3'-PG (PO4CH2COOˉ) or 3'-phosphate groups formed as a result of fragmentation of deoxyribose. To study the nature of repair of these 3'-blocked breaks, we constructed substrates mimicking free-radical induced DSBs. Human and yeast tyrosyl DNA-phosphodiesterase (Tdpl) efficiently processed substrates with 3'-PGs, in either the presence or absence of magnesium, to give a 3'-phosphate. Gel filtration chromatography and western blotting codmed that the putative enzyme in human extracts that efficiently processed PG was indeed tyrosyl DNA-phosphodiesterase. …