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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Effects Of Hiv-1 Viral Protein Tat On The Viability And Function Of Oligodendroglial Cells, Shiping Zou
Effects Of Hiv-1 Viral Protein Tat On The Viability And Function Of Oligodendroglial Cells, Shiping Zou
Theses and Dissertations
Myelin pallor is frequently reported in HIV patients, and can occur in the CNS prior to other evidence of disease process. Our exploratory studies showed that oligodendrocytes (OLs) are direct targets of HIV-1 Tat (transactivator of transcription). Tat induces a dose-dependent increase of intracellular Ca2+ level ([Ca2+]i) in cultured murine OLs, which can be attenuated by ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) antagonists MK801 and CNQX. The Tat-induced [Ca2+]i increase leads to increased death in immature (O4+, MBP-), but not mature (O4+, MBP+) OLs, over 96 …
The Effects Of Hypothermia On Status Epilepticus-Induced Acquired Epilepsy, Kristin Phillips
The Effects Of Hypothermia On Status Epilepticus-Induced Acquired Epilepsy, Kristin Phillips
Theses and Dissertations
Status epilepticus (SE) is a type of neurological injury characterized by continuous seizure activity and can lead to molecular and pathophysiological alterations leading to plasticity changes. SE can lead to the development of AE by the process of epileptogenesis, which is a phenomenon that describes the transformation of normal brain tissue into a hyperexcitable neuronal population. It has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro that calcium (Ca2+) dynamics are severely altered during and after SE, and these changes play a major role in the progression of epileptogenesis. It has also been reported that preventing the rise in intracellular …
Inhibition Of The Calcium Plateau Following In Vitro Status Epilepticus Prevents The Development Of Spontaneous Recurrent Epileptiform Discharges, Nisha Nagarkatti
Inhibition Of The Calcium Plateau Following In Vitro Status Epilepticus Prevents The Development Of Spontaneous Recurrent Epileptiform Discharges, Nisha Nagarkatti
Theses and Dissertations
Status epilepticus (SE) is a major clinical emergency resulting in continuous seizure activity that can cause brain injury and many molecular and pathophysiologic changes leading to neuronal plasticity. The neuronal plasticity following SE-induced brain injury can initiate epileptogenesis and lead to the ultimate expression of acquired epilepsy (AE), characterized clinically by spontaneous, recurrent seizures. Epileptogenesis is the process wherein healthy brain tissue is transformed into hyperexcitable neuronal networks that produce AE. Understanding these alterations induced by brain injury is an important clinical challenge and can lend insight into possible new therapeutic targets to halt the development of AE. Currently there …
Identification Of Pharmacological And Molecular Mechanisms Involved In Nicotine Withdrawal, Kia Jackson
Identification Of Pharmacological And Molecular Mechanisms Involved In Nicotine Withdrawal, Kia Jackson
Theses and Dissertations
Tobacco dependence is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Despite currently available smoking cessation therapies, there is a high rate of relapse in smoking among those attempting to quit. While the somatic signs of nicotine withdrawal (insomnia, increased appetite, weight gain) contribute to the continuation of smoking behavior, it has been hypothesized that the affective signs (depression, anxiety, craving, irritability) are greater motivators of relapse and continued tobacco use. There are few studies that assess the molecular and receptor-mediated mechanisms of nicotine withdrawal; therefore, our studies focus on identifying the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes and …