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Articles 1 - 30 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
St6gal-I Mediated Sialylation Promotes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression And Chemoresistance, Asmi Chakraborty
St6gal-I Mediated Sialylation Promotes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression And Chemoresistance, Asmi Chakraborty
All ETDs from UAB
ST6Gal-I adds α2-6 sialic acids to select N-glycosylated cell surface receptors, thereby modulating receptor function and intracellular signaling. ST6Gal-I is upregulated in various carcinomas and confers cancer stem cell (CSC) properties evidenced by tumorspheroid growth, chemoresistance and tumor initiating potential. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), ST6Gal-I conferred gemcitabine resistance by abrogating DNA damage and altering expression levels of gemcitabine metabolism genes. Further, ST6Gal-I promoted resistance to chronic gemcitabine treatment. Additionally, metastatic clones of a PDAC cell line had increased ST6Gal-I expression and ST6Gal-I knockdown enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity. To investigate the physiological consequences of ST6Gal-I in PDAC, murine models were used. …
Appropriately Timed Epigenetic Manipulation With Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors As A Platform Approach To Tumor Immunotherapy, Tyler Mccaw
All ETDs from UAB
In contrast to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, immunotherapy is able to respond in proportion to tumor burden and continue to evolve in parallel with the tumor mass and metastatic sites. In this way, immune-based cancer therapies are a living drug and hold enormous potential. In this work, we enforce expression of MHCII on a murine breast cancer model to study how changes in tumor biology can drive improved T cell-mediated responses. We next use histone deacetylase inhibitors to manipulate the microenvironment through a more clinically relevant, therapeutic approach. Herein, improvements in tumor control were driven by CD8 T cells and IFNγ, …
Ribosomal Rna Synthesis Is Regulated By Pathways That Respond To Environmental And Stress Conditions, Saman Najmi
Ribosomal Rna Synthesis Is Regulated By Pathways That Respond To Environmental And Stress Conditions, Saman Najmi
All ETDs from UAB
Ribosome biogenesis is one of the most central processes to cellular growth and metabolism. The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) by RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is thought to be rate limiting for ribosome biogenesis, and is therefore subject to extensive regulation. The work presented in this dissertation characterizes two previously undiscovered pathways regulating rRNA synthesis. Due to the direct connection between ribosome biogenesis (and rRNA synthesis) and cellular proliferative potential, Pol I activity is upregulated in cancers. Cancer cells are hypersensitive to inhibition of Pol I, a quality that makes Pol I an attractive target for anticancer therapeutics. The …
Early Life Stress And Immune Responses In Adult Rat Kidneys, Ijeoma E. Obi
Early Life Stress And Immune Responses In Adult Rat Kidneys, Ijeoma E. Obi
All ETDs from UAB
Globally, human studies show overwhelming associations between adverse childhood experiences and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risks throughout adult life. As early as 6 years old, there are significant associations between childhood adversity and inflammation, and those association are observed throughout adult life as well. Over a decade ago, rodent models were used to establish the importance of the immune cells in hypertension, which is the major risk factor in developing CVD. Although these associations in humans are important, they pose several limitations that can be overcome by the use of animal models to study the molecular mechanisms that are …
Characterizing The Hiv-1 Envelope N-Glycan Shield, Audra Ann Hargett
Characterizing The Hiv-1 Envelope N-Glycan Shield, Audra Ann Hargett
All ETDs from UAB
In 2017, there was an estimated 1.8 million new HIV-1 infections worldwide. Development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine would begin to quell this global pandemic. HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein is the main vaccine candidate target due to the immune systems ability to generate broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against Env. Approximately 90 N-glycans form a glycan shield that is the primary interface between the virus and host immune system. Key glycan motifs within the glycan shield are targets for bnAbs and are necessary for HIV-1 infectivity. Herein, we explore how naturally occurring mutations alter the glycan shield and HIV-1 Env function. …
Baf Chromatin Landscaping During Bone Formation And Maintenance, Tanner Cole Godfrey
Baf Chromatin Landscaping During Bone Formation And Maintenance, Tanner Cole Godfrey
All ETDs from UAB
Bone loss is a worldwide problem resulting in increased risk of fracture. Osteoblasts are responsible for bone synthesis; therefore, treatments promoting osteoblast differentiation and/or activity would result in increased bone formation. The regulation of DNA accessibility is a key mechanism controlling gene expression and cellular differentiation. BAF (BRG1 Associated Factor) mediated chromatin remodeling increases DNA accessibility by sliding or ejecting nucleosomes. This process can occur in a cell type specific manner based on the composition of BAF. In many tissue types, a unique combination of BAF subunits has been identified to be responsible for the maintenance or differentiation of that …
Regulation Of St6gal-I In Cancer: Sox2 Identified As Novel Driver Of St6gal-I Expression, Kaitlyn Alexandra Dorsett
Regulation Of St6gal-I In Cancer: Sox2 Identified As Novel Driver Of St6gal-I Expression, Kaitlyn Alexandra Dorsett
All ETDs from UAB
ST6Gal-I is a sialyltransferase that functions to add an 2-6 linked sialic acid to N-linked glycoproteins. The expression of ST6Gal-I is upregulated in many cancers at both the mRNA and protein levels. ST6Gal-I has also been shown to promote cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics including chemoresistance, tumor-initiating potential, and spheroid growth. However, the transcriptional drivers of ST6Gal-I expression in stem-like cells remain largely unknown. Herein we highlight that SOX2 and ST6GAL1 are both located on one of the most commonly amplified chromosomal segments in cancer, amplicon 3q26. Copy number gains in both SOX2 and ST6GAL1 are observed in roughly 25% …
The Role Of The St6gal-I Sialyltrasferase In Protecting Tumor Cells From Hypoxic Stress, Robert Brent Jones
The Role Of The St6gal-I Sialyltrasferase In Protecting Tumor Cells From Hypoxic Stress, Robert Brent Jones
All ETDs from UAB
An emerging concept in cancer biology is that surface glycosylation can play important roles in the regulation of cancer development and progression. Our group and others have shown that ST6Gal-I, a sialyltransferase that adds α2-6-linked sialic acids to N-glycosylated proteins, is upregulated in many cancers. Furthermore, data has indicated that ST6Gal-I acts as a pro-survival factor in a variety of settings, including resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, radiotherapy resistance, and serum deprivation. The work presented in this dissertation adds to this understanding of ST6Gal-I’s role as a potent pro-survival factor and explores ST6Gal-I’s function in aiding tumor cells to survive hypoxic …
Structural And Functional Insights Into Influenza A Virus Ns1-Mediated Rig-I Antagonism, Alexander Jureka
Structural And Functional Insights Into Influenza A Virus Ns1-Mediated Rig-I Antagonism, Alexander Jureka
All ETDs from UAB
The influenza virus non-structural protein 1 is well known to antagonize the host innate immune response through its interaction with the innate immune sensor, retinoic acid induc-ible gene I (RIG-I). While the complete mechanism of the NS1:RIG-I interaction remains unclear, we were the first to demonstrate a direct interaction between the NS1 RNA-binding domain (NS1RBD) from the 1918H1N1 influenza virus and the second caspase activa-tion and recruitment domain (CARD2) of RIG-I using NMR. In addition, we also identi-fied that mutation of Arg 21 in the 1918H1N1 NS1RBD to Gln (R21Q) completely abrogated the NS1:CARD2 interaction. Given that CARD2 plays a …
The Electronic Health Record And The Clinical Informatics Researcher: A Journey To Predicting False Positive Alerts With Patient Characteristics, Timothy Kennell
The Electronic Health Record And The Clinical Informatics Researcher: A Journey To Predicting False Positive Alerts With Patient Characteristics, Timothy Kennell
All ETDs from UAB
Since their introduction in the 1960s, electronic medical systems have brought with them tremendous opportunities and difficult challenges. In order to address patient safety, Clinical Decision Support (CDS) was added to the system, many times in the form of "pop-up" alerts. However, traditional alert typically do not incorporate enough patient-specific context resulting in inaccurate warnings. In response, clinicians override many of them. However, the high exposure to false positive alerts results in alert fatigue, a desensitization to future ones. This issue decreases patient safety by causing clinicians to ignore legitimate alerts. Despite some shortcomings, the data in modern Electronic Health …
Structural And Functional Insights Into The Influenza A Virus Non-Structural Protein 1 Effector Domain, Alex Kleinpeter
Structural And Functional Insights Into The Influenza A Virus Non-Structural Protein 1 Effector Domain, Alex Kleinpeter
All ETDs from UAB
The influenza A virus (IAV) non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a highly multifunctional viral protein responsible for antagonizing the type-I interferon (IFN) response to infection. NS1 has therefore been identified as a potentially effective target for the development of novel anti-influenza compounds. Furthermore, it is important to understand the molecular underpinnings driving NS1 function to more effectively elucidate antiviral targets. In this dissertation, we have contributed significant insight into NS1’s potential as an antiviral target, and the structure-function relationships driving its activity in an infected cell. First, we structurally characterized the binding of two known influenza inhibitors (A9 and A22) …
Ventral Hippocampal Input To The Medial Prefrontal Cortex Regulates Social Memory, Mary Leann Phillips
Ventral Hippocampal Input To The Medial Prefrontal Cortex Regulates Social Memory, Mary Leann Phillips
All ETDs from UAB
Both the ventral hippocampus (vHIP) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are active participants in the neural circuitry activated by social interaction, and are both necessary for certain aspects of social behavior. Additionally, synaptic projections from the ventral hippocampus (vHIP) to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Using the Mecp2 knockout (KO) mouse model of Rett syndrome, an autism-associated disorder with network level deficits in the vHIP and mPFC as well as aberrant social behavior, we strove to determine the role of vHIP-mPFC in social behavior. Here, we show that the vHIP-mPFC projection is hyperactive in …
Identification Of Two Spop-Mediated Pathways In Prostate Cancer Progression, Joshua Fried
Identification Of Two Spop-Mediated Pathways In Prostate Cancer Progression, Joshua Fried
All ETDs from UAB
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies and causes of cancer related death in men. Morbidity is primarily attributed to late-stage and metastatic disease. Re-cent genomic screening studies have revealed that the Speckle type Poz Protein (SPOP) is the most frequently altered gene by missense mutations in prostate cancer. Interestingly, all of the identified mutations were located in the substrate binding domain of SPOP. Here, two pathways highlighting the impact of SPOP mutation on prostate cancer are pre-sented. First, evidence showing that one of the naturally occurring SPOP mutations, ser-ine 119 to asparagine (S119N), induces radiosensitivity and an …
O-Glcnac Regulation Of Inhibitory Circuits, Kavitha Abiraman
O-Glcnac Regulation Of Inhibitory Circuits, Kavitha Abiraman
All ETDs from UAB
Post translational modification of proteins plays a crucial role in regulating their function, and the role of one such modification, termed O-GlcNAcylation, is understudied. O-GlcNAcylation involves the dynamic cycle of adding and removing an O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) by the enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which are highly expressed in the hippocampus. Enzymes that catalyze O-GlcNAcylation are found at both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites, and O-GlcNAcylated proteins localize to synaptosomes. We have shown that acute and selective increase in O-GlcNAcylation of AMPAR GluA2 subunits underlies expression of a novel form of LTD at CA3-CA1 synapses (O-GlcNAc LTD), as well …
Dysregulation In The Central Nervous System Upon Mcmv Infection In Newborn Mice, Cathy Yea Won Sung
Dysregulation In The Central Nervous System Upon Mcmv Infection In Newborn Mice, Cathy Yea Won Sung
All ETDs from UAB
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a major cause of morbidity in infants and children throughout the world. Between 0.2-1.2% of all live births is infected with HCMV in the United States. Approximately 5-15% of these newborn babies will develop long-term neurological damage resulting in motor disorders, mental retardation, and sensorineural hearing loss. Although the neurological sequelae associated with congenital HCMV infections are well characterized, little is known about the pathogenesis of the damage to the central nervous system (CNS). To study the pathogenesis of congenital HCMV infection, we have developed a mouse model in which newborn mice are infected intraperitoneally …
Modulation Of Klotho Affects Dendritic Spine Remodeling And Neuronal Network Activity, Hai T. Vo
Modulation Of Klotho Affects Dendritic Spine Remodeling And Neuronal Network Activity, Hai T. Vo
All ETDs from UAB
Klotho protein expression has profound effects on lifespan where klotho-deficient mice exhibit premature aging phenotypes and live only to ~8 weeks of age while klotho-overexpressing mice have lifespans that are at least 20% longer than wild-type mice. Klotho expression also has similar effects on cognitive function as klotho-deficient mice develop cognitive impairment by 7 weeks of age and klotho-overexpressing mice show enhanced cognitive function. These effects also extend to humans as polymorphisms that alter circulating levels of klotho have likewise effects on lifespan and brain function. Despite the fact that modulation of klotho expression has reciprocal effects on cognitive function, …
Novel Biomarkers For Parkinson Disease, Shijie Wang
Novel Biomarkers For Parkinson Disease, Shijie Wang
All ETDs from UAB
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder with no reliable biochemical biomarkers for disease prediction or progression, nor disease-modifying treatments to slow the relentless progression. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are known to increase LRRK2 kinase activity and increase the risk for late-onset PD. In this thesis, I discovered that LRRK2 is secreted into exosomes in urine and CSF, where LRRK2 kinase activity, reflected by autophosphorylation at pS1292 site, is preserved and reflective of cytosolic LRRK2 levels. In a cohort of biosamples from LRRK2 mutation carriers and matched controls, with and without PD, …
The Anti-Tumor Effects Of Hur Inhibition In Glioblastoma, Jiping Wang
The Anti-Tumor Effects Of Hur Inhibition In Glioblastoma, Jiping Wang
All ETDs from UAB
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most malignant primary brain tumor. GBMs represent 14.7% of total primary CNS tumors and 47.7% of malignant CNS tumors. The median survival of GBM is 18-20 months, while five-year survival rate is only 5.6%. GBMs are maintained by glioma stem cells (GSCs), and poor treatment outcomes are linked to the high resistance of GSCs to radiation and chemotherapy, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. The mRNA binding protein HuR is a key regulator of tumor growth and development based upon the fact that HuR targets mRNAs that are broadly involved in tumorigenesis. We have previously shown that …
The Role Of Protein O-Glcnacylation In Regulating Mitochondrial Function, Jalessa Nicole Wright
The Role Of Protein O-Glcnacylation In Regulating Mitochondrial Function, Jalessa Nicole Wright
All ETDs from UAB
The attachment of O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to the serine/threonine residues of proteins has emerged as an important regulatory mechanism in transcriptional regulation, protein activation as well as cell survival. Several studies have reported that elevated O-GlcNAc levels have adverse effects on mitochondrial function. These negative effects have been linked to O-GlcNAc modification of mitochondrial proteins that are integral across multiple metabolic cell processes i.e. VDAC, NDUFA9 and DRP-1. Mitochondrial complexes I, III and IV all contain subunit proteins that are O-GlcNAc modified and increased O-GlcNAcylation of these proteins is associated with deficits in oxidative phosphorylation in these models. Conversely, it has …
The Role Of Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 In Neuroinflammatory Disease, Zhaoqi Yan
The Role Of Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 In Neuroinflammatory Disease, Zhaoqi Yan
All ETDs from UAB
The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway plays a critical role in cytokine-mediated responses in both innate and adaptive immunity, and dysregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is linked to many inflammatory disorders. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system, and both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in disease progression. STAT3 signaling is critically involved in MS pathology and is negatively regulated by Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3). Both increased STAT3 activation and reduced SOCS3 expression are observed in immune cells from patients with MS. Although the role of …
Transcriptional Dynamics Of Dopaminergic Signaling, Katherine Elizabeth Savell
Transcriptional Dynamics Of Dopaminergic Signaling, Katherine Elizabeth Savell
All ETDs from UAB
Drugs of abuse increase dopamine concentrations in the nucleus accumbens, a key reward structure that integrates contextual and cue-related information and regulates motivated behavior. This surge of dopamine triggers cell signaling cascades that converge in the nucleus to cause changes in gene expression, which are thought to lead to the observed functional and structural alterations in the reward circuit after exposure to drugs of abuse. However, while various drugs of abuse cause transcriptional changes, previously available tools have not had the capacity to deeply characterize these gene programs. Therefore, we optimized a dual lentivirus CRISPR system for targeted gene modulation …
Integration Of Yeast Phenomics And Cancer Pharmacogenomics To Model Precision Medicine, Sean Santos
Integration Of Yeast Phenomics And Cancer Pharmacogenomics To Model Precision Medicine, Sean Santos
All ETDs from UAB
Precision medicine aims to optimize disease treatment by considering the differential influence of functional genetic variation on phenotypic outcomes and therapeutic efficacy. However, current precision medicine paradigms lack consideration of the abundance of genetic interaction and ensuing complexity of phenotypes, thus thwarting resolution of gene-drug interaction at a systems level and ‘precise’ predictions for most patients. Yeast phenomics enables quantitative, high-resolution experimental modeling of gene-drug interaction phenotypes at a systems level by measuring growth curves for the ~6000 yeast knockout/knockdown library strains, which can guide a more global resolution of disease and treatment complexity at the organism level. We postulate …
Targeting The Nad Salvage Pathway For The Treatment Of The Parasitic Disease Schistosomiasis, Michael David Schultz
Targeting The Nad Salvage Pathway For The Treatment Of The Parasitic Disease Schistosomiasis, Michael David Schultz
All ETDs from UAB
Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, is the third most common parasitic infection worldwide and a major source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Caused by trematodes in the genus Schistosoma, this parasitic disease has no vaccine therapy and resources for drug development are scarce. Despite an unknown mechanism of action, praziquantal has become the primary source of treatment due to its efficacy against all species of Schistosoma. However, with increased drug resistance in endemic areas and low activity against immature parasites, relying on this single drug is unsustainable and risky. Hence, there is a growing need for new, safe …
Novel Approaches To Enhance Translational Readthrough Efficacy For Cystic Fibrosis Nonsense Mutations, Jyoti Sharma
Novel Approaches To Enhance Translational Readthrough Efficacy For Cystic Fibrosis Nonsense Mutations, Jyoti Sharma
All ETDs from UAB
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic autosomal recessive disease caused by over 1,900 naturally occurring variants in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CFTR is an epithelial anion channel which regulates the movement of chloride and bicarbonate ions. Mutations in the CFTR causes diminished CFTR protein and/or reduced CFTR function that lead to clinical manifestations. These include severe epithelial dysfunction of multiple tissues, including the lungs, intestine, pancreas, and reproductive organs. Premature termination codons (PTC), or nonsense mutations, are among the most severe CFTR variants and occur in ~11% of the CF population. PTCs are caused by the presence of …
Characterization Of The Tgfb Pathway And Its Role In Prostaglandin Metabolism In C. Elegans, Muhan Hu
Characterization Of The Tgfb Pathway And Its Role In Prostaglandin Metabolism In C. Elegans, Muhan Hu
All ETDs from UAB
Cell to cell communication is fundamental to all life processes, from fertilization to death. The TGFß superfamily is a large family of proteins that is involved in a wide array of physiological and pathological processes, including development, wound healing, immune system function, cancer, and reproduction. This group of signaling peptides is well conserved across many organisms, from basic nematode to humans. While many studies have aimed to delineate the functions of TGFß, they have also unveiled the complexity of this multifunctional family of ligands. In this thesis, I take advantage of the simple C. elegans model system to study the …
Mechanisms Of Acute Kidney Injury: The Role Of Ferritin Heavy Chain In Renal Heme-Unology, Laurence Marie Black
Mechanisms Of Acute Kidney Injury: The Role Of Ferritin Heavy Chain In Renal Heme-Unology, Laurence Marie Black
All ETDs from UAB
The kidneys are complex, multi-faceted organs that are responsible for regulatory processes, such as fluid homeostasis, hormone production, blood pressure regulation, and systemic toxin removal. Sudden disruption of these processes by acute kidney injury (AKI) causes rapid decline in renal function as well as significant morbidity and mortality. AKI is a significant clinical concern, affecting up to 13.3 million people globally each year and has the propensity to progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD), though the mechanism remains undefined. One reason for this is due to the lack of understanding of models used to study both AKI and CKD, hindering …
Characterization Of Chemical Uptake And Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Mutations In Zebrafish, Jaclyn Paige Souder
Characterization Of Chemical Uptake And Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Mutations In Zebrafish, Jaclyn Paige Souder
All ETDs from UAB
In a society driven by technology and industry, we must be increasingly aware of how changes to our environment impact our health. This is especially true concerning embryonic development, which is easily influenced by extra-embryonic factors, including environmental contaminants. Determining how exogenous compounds are absorbed, which receptors they act through, and how these receptors act endogenously is important to fully understand to what extent developmental exposures impact fetal and adult health. I have used the zebrafish model system to address these questions for two classes of environmentally-relevant chemicals—estrogens and dioxins. First, I developed an assay to measure the uptake of …
Acetylcholine Signaling In Glioblastoma Invasion And Peritumoral Hyperexcitability, Emily Grace Thompson
Acetylcholine Signaling In Glioblastoma Invasion And Peritumoral Hyperexcitability, Emily Grace Thompson
All ETDs from UAB
Glioblastomas are the most common and deadly form of primary brain cancer in adults. Current treatment strategies are aggressive, including a combination of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, median patient survival has remained stagnant at 12 to 15 months for the last several decades. This dismal patient outcome has prompted efforts to understand the unique characteristics of these tumors, since traditional therapeutics have not been efficacious. Extensive invasion is a salient feature of glioblastomas that significantly diminishes the effectiveness of current treatment strategies and is ultimately the cause of tumor recurrence within 2 years in approximately 80% of patients. …
Genome Sequencing To Identify Novel Developmental Disorder Variation, Matthew Neu
Genome Sequencing To Identify Novel Developmental Disorder Variation, Matthew Neu
All ETDs from UAB
The ability to quickly and accurately catalog an individual's genetic variation through genome sequencing has ignited a new era of diagnostic and therapeutic development for heritable disease. Although genome sequencing can provide a molecular diagnosis in a significant number of patients with suspected genetic disease, there remain a number of unsolved cases for which no pathogenic cause can be determined. This uncertainty can create a "diagnostic odyssey" in which sequential tests fail to provide a diagnostic resolution and can often delay beneficial treatment, impact family planning, and be emotionally challenging for patients and their families. Clearly, there is an unmet …
Regulation Of Intestinal Innate Lymphoid Cells In Acute And Chronic Inflammation, Sarah Dulson
Regulation Of Intestinal Innate Lymphoid Cells In Acute And Chronic Inflammation, Sarah Dulson
All ETDs from UAB
The Innate Lymphoid Cell (ILC) population encompasses five subpopulations that are increasingly appreciated to participate in immune responses to inflammation and injury as well as directly influence homeostasis in tissues throughout the body. ILCs are enriched at mucosal surfaces, such as the gastrointestinal tract, where they are transcriptionally poised for rapid activation. Therefore, ILCs contribute significantly to protective responses to infection, and can exacerbate inflammation and disease when dysregulated. Herein, we demonstrate two pathways that regulate intestinal ILC phenotype and function and delineate the impact of these pathways on both protective and pathogenic roles of ILCs. Using a murine model …