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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Monkey-Based Research On Human Disease: The Implications Of Genetic Differences, Jarrod Bailey
Monkey-Based Research On Human Disease: The Implications Of Genetic Differences, Jarrod Bailey
Jarrod Bailey, PhD
Assertions that the use of monkeys to investigate human diseases is valid scientifically are frequently based on a reported 90–93% genetic similarity between the species. Critical analyses of the relevance of monkey studies to human biology, however, indicate that this genetic similarity does not result in sufficient physiological similarity for monkeys to constitute good models for research, and that monkey data do not translate well to progress in clinical practice for humans. Salient examples include the failure of new drugs in clinical trials, the highly different infectivity and pathology of SIV/HIV, and poor extrapolation of research on Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s …
Lessons From Chimpanzee-Based Research On Human Disease: The Implications Of Genetic Differences, Jarrod Bailey
Lessons From Chimpanzee-Based Research On Human Disease: The Implications Of Genetic Differences, Jarrod Bailey
Jarrod Bailey, PhD
Assertions that the use of chimpanzees to investigate human diseases is valid scientifically are frequently based on a reported 98–99% genetic similarity between the species. Critical analyses of the relevance of chimpanzee studies to human biology, however, indicate that this genetic similarity does not result in sufficient physiological similarity for the chimpanzee to constitute a good model for research, and furthermore, that chimpanzee data do not translate well to progress in clinical practice for humans. Leading examples include the minimal citations of chimpanzee research that is relevant to human medicine, the highly different pathology of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C virus …
Pharmacists And Pharmacogenomics: An Evaluation Of Knowledge, Beliefs, Attitudes And Practices, Laressa Bethishou, Angela Chen, Chrissie Chew, Richard Dang, Courtney Greenber, Rebecca Ashlee Klevens, Vlada Treynker, Andrew Warnock, Melissa Durham, Jeffery A. Goad, Edith Mirzaian
Pharmacists And Pharmacogenomics: An Evaluation Of Knowledge, Beliefs, Attitudes And Practices, Laressa Bethishou, Angela Chen, Chrissie Chew, Richard Dang, Courtney Greenber, Rebecca Ashlee Klevens, Vlada Treynker, Andrew Warnock, Melissa Durham, Jeffery A. Goad, Edith Mirzaian
Jeff Goad
"Pharmacogenomics is the term used to describe the rapidly advancing study on how genetic makeup can impact drug therapy. In specialized clinical situations, such as the use of irinotecan in colon cancer or abacavir in HIV infections, it is now possible to identify specific genotypes that correlate strongly with a patient's therapeutic outcome, with implications on both efficacy and side effects. On a broader scale, a systematic review published by the Journal of the American Medical Association on the top 27 adverse reaction-causing drugs found that a majority of the adverse effects have a genetic component, suggesting that an analysis …
Probiotics: Finding The Right Regulatory Balance, Diane E. Hoffmann, Claire M. Fraser-Liggett, Frank B. Palumbo, Jacques Ravel, Karen H. Rothenberg, Virginia Rowthorn
Probiotics: Finding The Right Regulatory Balance, Diane E. Hoffmann, Claire M. Fraser-Liggett, Frank B. Palumbo, Jacques Ravel, Karen H. Rothenberg, Virginia Rowthorn
Karen H. Rothenberg
Some products marketed as drugs should be excused from Phase I trials, but safety and efficacy claims for dietary supplements should be more tightly regulated.
Bladder Inflammatory Transcriptome In Response To Tachykinins: Neurokinin 1 Receptor-Dependent Genes And Transcription Regulatory Elements, Ricardo Saban, Cindy Simpson, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Sylvie Memet, Igor Dozmorov, Marcia R. Saban
Bladder Inflammatory Transcriptome In Response To Tachykinins: Neurokinin 1 Receptor-Dependent Genes And Transcription Regulatory Elements, Ricardo Saban, Cindy Simpson, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, Sylvie Memet, Igor Dozmorov, Marcia R. Saban
Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
Background Tachykinins (TK), such as substance P, and their neurokinin receptors which are ubiquitously expressed in the human urinary tract, represent an endogenous system regulating bladder inflammatory, immune responses, and visceral hypersensitivity. Increasing evidence correlates alterations in the TK system with urinary tract diseases such as neurogenic bladders, outflow obstruction, idiopathic detrusor instability, and interstitial cystitis. However, despite promising effects in animal models, there seems to be no published clinical study showing that NK-receptor antagonists are an effective treatment of pain in general or urinary tract disorders, such as detrusor overactivity. In order to search for therapeutic targets that could …