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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Cellular Bioenergetics: Experimental Evidence For Alcohol-Induced Adaptations, Liz Simon, Patricia E. Molina
Cellular Bioenergetics: Experimental Evidence For Alcohol-Induced Adaptations, Liz Simon, Patricia E. Molina
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
At-risk alcohol use is associated with multisystemic effects and end-organ injury, and significantly contributes to global health burden. Several alcohol-mediated mechanisms have been identified, with bioenergetic maladaptation gaining credence as an underlying pathophysiological mechanism contributing to cellular injury. This evidence-based review focuses on the current knowledge of alcohol-induced bioenergetic adaptations in metabolically active tissues: liver, cardiac and skeletal muscle, pancreas, and brain. Alcohol metabolism itself significantly interferes with bioenergetic pathways in tissues, particularly the liver. Alcohol decreases states of respiration in the electron transport chain, and activity and expression of respiratory complexes, with a net effect to decrease ATP content. …
Alcohol Impairs Immunometabolism And Promotes Naïve T Cell Differentiation To Pro-Inflammatory Th1 Cd4+ T Cells, Patrick M. Mcternan, Danielle E. Levitt, David A. Welsh, Liz Simon, Robert W. Siggins, Patricia E. Molina
Alcohol Impairs Immunometabolism And Promotes Naïve T Cell Differentiation To Pro-Inflammatory Th1 Cd4+ T Cells, Patrick M. Mcternan, Danielle E. Levitt, David A. Welsh, Liz Simon, Robert W. Siggins, Patricia E. Molina
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
CD4+ T cell differentiation to pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive subsets depends on immunometabolism. Pro-inflammatory CD4+ subsets rely on glycolysis, while immunosuppressive Treg cells require functional mitochondria for their differentiation and function. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that ethanol (EtOH) administration increases pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cell subsets; whether this shift in immunophenotype is linked to alterations in CD4+ T cell metabolism had not been previously examined. The objective of this study was to determine whether ethanol alters CD4+ immunometabolism, and whether this affects CD4+ T cell differentiation. Naïve human CD4+ T cells were plated on anti-CD3 coated plates with soluble anti-CD28, and …