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Interferon Partly Dictates A Divergent Transcriptional Response In Poxvirus-Infected And Bystander Inflammatory Monocytes, Carolina R Melo-Silva, Marisa I Roman, Cory J Knudson, Lingjuan Tang, Ren-Huan Xu, Michel Tassetto, Patrick Dolan, Raul Andino, Luis J. Sigal

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Inflammatory monocytes (iMOs) and B cells are the main targets of the poxvirus ectromelia virus (ECTV) in the lymph nodes of mice and play distinct roles in surviving the infection. Infected and bystander iMOs control ECTV's systemic spread, preventing early death, while B cells make antibodies that eliminate ECTV. Our work demonstrates that within an infected animal that survives ECTV infection, intrinsic and bystander infection of iMOs and B cells differentially control the transcription of genes important for immune cell function and, perhaps, cell identity. Bystander cells upregulate metabolism, antigen presentation, and interferon-stimulated genes. Infected cells downregulate many cell-type-specific genes …