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Articles 1 - 30 of 69
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Determinants Of Child And Forced Marriage In Morocco: Stakeholder Perspectives On Health, Policies And Human Rights, Alexia Sabbe, Halima Oulami, Wahiba Zekraoui, Halima Hikmat, Marleen Temmerman, Els Leye
Determinants Of Child And Forced Marriage In Morocco: Stakeholder Perspectives On Health, Policies And Human Rights, Alexia Sabbe, Halima Oulami, Wahiba Zekraoui, Halima Hikmat, Marleen Temmerman, Els Leye
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa
Background: In Morocco, the social and legal framework surrounding sexual and reproductive health has transformed greatly in the past decade, especially with the introduction of the new Family Law or Moudawana. Yet, despite raising the minimum age of marriage for girls and stipulating equal rights in the family, child and forced marriage is widespread. The objective of this research study was to explore perspectives of a broad range of professionals on factors that contribute to the occurrence of child and forced marriage in Morocco.
Methods: A qualitative approach was used to generate both primary and secondary data for the analysis. …
Medicaid Home- And Community-Based Services Programs Enacted By The Aca: Expanding Opportunities One Step At A Time, Carol O'Shaughnessy
Medicaid Home- And Community-Based Services Programs Enacted By The Aca: Expanding Opportunities One Step At A Time, Carol O'Shaughnessy
National Health Policy Forum
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) enacted the most significant opportunities for optional state expansion of Medicaid-financed home- and community-based services (HCBS) since 1981, when Congress enacted the section 1915(c) waiver program. Three of the ACA provisions, the Balancing Incentive Program (BIP), the Community First Choice (CFC) state plan option, and the health home state plan option, offer states enhanced federal Medicaid matching funds as long as they meet federal requirements. The ACA also expanded two HCBS programs established under the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (DRA) by extending the Money Follows the Person (MFP) Rebalancing …
Medicaid Home- And Community-Based Services Programs Enacted By The Aca: Expanding Opportunities One Step At A Time, Carol O'Shaughnessy
Medicaid Home- And Community-Based Services Programs Enacted By The Aca: Expanding Opportunities One Step At A Time, Carol O'Shaughnessy
National Health Policy Forum
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) enacted the most significant opportunities for optional state expansion of Medicaid-financed home- and community-based services (HCBS) since 1981, when Congress enacted the section 1915(c) waiver program. Three of the ACA provisions, the Balancing Incentive Program (BIP), the Community First Choice (CFC) state plan option, and the health home state plan option, offer states enhanced federal Medicaid matching funds as long as they meet federal requirements. The ACA also expanded two HCBS programs established under the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (DRA) by extending the Money Follows the Person (MFP) Rebalancing …
Seeking Value In Medicare: Performance Measurement For Clinical Professionals, Lisa Sprague
Seeking Value In Medicare: Performance Measurement For Clinical Professionals, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
The Medicare program, despite its reputation of being a bill payer with little regard to the worth of the services it buys, has begun to put in place a range of programs aimed at assessing quality and value, with more to come. Attention to resource use and cost is nascent. The issues are complex, and it is no surprise that there is a level of contention between providers and regulators, even though both profess commitment to improved quality. This paper summarizes the quality and value programs that apply to physicians and other clinical professionals, as well as programs designed to …
Health Workforce Needs: Projections Complicated By Practice And Technology Changes, Rob Cunningham
Health Workforce Needs: Projections Complicated By Practice And Technology Changes, Rob Cunningham
National Health Policy Forum
As population growth and the aging of the overall population increase demand for health care, policymakers and analysts posit whether sufficient health care providers will be able to meet that demand. Some argue there are too few providers already; others say our current supply-demand problems lie with efficiency. But suppose both are correct? Perhaps the real challenge is to understand how physician practices are changing in response to market forces such as payment changes, provider distributions, and technology innovations. This issue brief reviews what is known about evolving practice organizations, professional mixes, information technology support, and the implications of these …
The Commission On Long-Term Care: Background Behind The Mission, Carol O'Shaughnessy
The Commission On Long-Term Care: Background Behind The Mission, Carol O'Shaughnessy
National Health Policy Forum
The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA, P.L. 112-240) created a Commission on Long-Term Care charged with developing a plan for financing of long-term services and supports (LTSS) and issuing a report in September 2013. Significant research and advocacy have been devoted to LTSS financing issues and perceived inadequacies of the delivery system over the past several decades, but the most recent comprehensive review of financing options was in 1990 by the Pepper Commission. This publication presents brief background behind the mission of the Commission, including a time line of selected federal and national activities on LTSS financing and …
Intellectual Property And Public Health – A White Paper, Ryan G. Vacca, Jim Chen, Jay Dratler Jr., Tom Folsom, Timothy Hall, Yaniv Heled, Frank Pasquale, Elizabeth Reilly, Jeff Samuels, Kathy Strandburg, Kara Swanson, Andrew Torrance, Katharine Van Tassel
Intellectual Property And Public Health – A White Paper, Ryan G. Vacca, Jim Chen, Jay Dratler Jr., Tom Folsom, Timothy Hall, Yaniv Heled, Frank Pasquale, Elizabeth Reilly, Jeff Samuels, Kathy Strandburg, Kara Swanson, Andrew Torrance, Katharine Van Tassel
Akron Law Faculty Publications
On October 26, 2012, the University of Akron School of Law’s Center for Intellectual Property and Technology hosted its Sixth Annual IP Scholars Forum. In attendance were thirteen legal scholars with expertise and an interest in IP and public health who met to discuss problems and potential solutions at the intersection of these fields. This report summarizes this discussion by describing the problems raised, areas of agreement and disagreement between the participants, suggestions and solutions made by participants and the subsequent evaluations of these suggestions and solutions.
Led by the moderator, participants at the Forum focused generally on three broad …
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2013
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2013
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Towards A Framework Convention On Global Health, Lawrence O. Gostin, Eric A. Friedman, Kent Buse, Attiya Waris, Moses Mulumba, Mayowa Joel, Lola Dare, Ames Dhai, Devi Sridhar
Towards A Framework Convention On Global Health, Lawrence O. Gostin, Eric A. Friedman, Kent Buse, Attiya Waris, Moses Mulumba, Mayowa Joel, Lola Dare, Ames Dhai, Devi Sridhar
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
A global health treaty, a Framework Convention on Global Health (FCGH)–grounded in the right to health, with the central goal of reducing immense domestic and global health inequities–could serve as a robust global governance instrument to underpin the United Nations post-2015 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It would ensure for all people the three essential conditions for a healthy life–public health, health care, and the positive social determinants of health–while advancing good governance, responding to drivers of health disadvantages for marginalized populations, elevating health in other legal regimes, and enhancing people's ability to claim their rights.
The legally binding nature of …
2013 Tsu Undergraduate Research Program, David Owerbach
2013 Tsu Undergraduate Research Program, David Owerbach
Office of Research Institutional Research and Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Juxtaposing Nasa’S Aeronet Aod With Carb Pm Data Over The San Joaquin Valley To Facilitate Multi-Angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (Misr) Pm Pollution Research, John Kanemoto
STAR Program Research Presentations
Airborne particulate matter (PM) has been shown to increase the risk for asthma, chronic bronchitis, cardiopulmonary complications, and respiratory cell membrane damage/infection/leakage. PM levels are currently analyzed from two perspectives: stationary land-based monitoring (LBM) sites and total Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) atmospheric column measurements. Both perspectives often leave miles of space between measuring locations and will have a continually increasing cost from introducing/maintaining sites. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) satellite team hopes to begin investigating/archiving PM levels comprehensively via inputting MISR AOD measurements into a function/model which predicts the amount of ground level PM.
In the future, multivariable spatial correlations …
Medicare Advantage Update: Benefits, Enrollment, And Payments After The Aca, Kathryn Linehan
Medicare Advantage Update: Benefits, Enrollment, And Payments After The Aca, Kathryn Linehan
National Health Policy Forum
In 2012, the Medicare program paid private health plans $136 billion to cover about 13 million beneficiaries who received Part A and B benefits through the Medicare Advantage (MA) program rather than traditional fee-for-service (FFS) Medicare. Private plans have been a part of the program since the 1970s. Debate about the policy goals—Should they cost less per beneficiary than FFS Medicare? Should they be available to all beneficiaries? Should they be able to offer additional benefits?—has long accompanied Medicare's private plan option. This debate is reflected in the history of Medicare payment policy, and policy decisions over the …
Cms's Proposed Rule Implementing The Aca-Mandated Medicaid Dsh Reductions, Kathryn Linehan
Cms's Proposed Rule Implementing The Aca-Mandated Medicaid Dsh Reductions, Kathryn Linehan
National Health Policy Forum
State Medicaid programs make Medicaid disproportionate share hospital (DSH) payments to hospitals to help offset costs of uncompensated care for Medicaid and uninsured patients. Unlike most Medicaid spending, annual DSH allotments for each state are capped. Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), DSH payments will decrease starting in fiscal year (FY) 2014 and continuing through FY 2020. This paper describes the proposed rule for reducing these federal allotments, which was released on May 15, 2013, by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Comments on the proposed rule are due July 12, 2013.
2014 …
The 23rd Annual Research Conference Abstract Booklet, Mulu Aderie Alemu, Nikki Lynn Rogers
The 23rd Annual Research Conference Abstract Booklet, Mulu Aderie Alemu, Nikki Lynn Rogers
University of Gondar Research Conferences
Staff members, postgraduate and senior undergraduate students of the University, invited guests and speakers participated in the conference. The annual conference of the University is meant to share experiences in research activities among juniors and seniors, staff and students, and invited guests. It is also meant to motivate students and young faculty to engage in research and also to initiate and strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations. The findings of the studies and the resulting recommendations are expected to be used in solving the diverse societal problems we have been facing.
Research activities at the University of Gondar are primarily aimed at solving …
Advancing The Right To Health Through Global Organizations: The Potential Role Of A Framework Convention On Global Health, Eric A. Friedman, Lawrence O. Gostin, Kent Buse
Advancing The Right To Health Through Global Organizations: The Potential Role Of A Framework Convention On Global Health, Eric A. Friedman, Lawrence O. Gostin, Kent Buse
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Organizations, partnerships, and alliances form the building blocks of global governance. Global health organizations thus have the potential to play a formative role in determining the extent to which people are able to realize their right to health.
This article examines how major global health organizations, such as WHO, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria, UNAIDS, and GAVI approach human rights concerns, including equality, accountability, and inclusive participation. We argue that organizational support for the right to health must transition from ad hoc and partial to permanent and comprehensive.
Drawing on the literature and our knowledge of …
Realizing The Right To Health Through A Framework Convention On Global Health?, Eric A. Friedman, Jashodhara Dasgupta, Alicia E. Yamin, Lawrence O. Gostin
Realizing The Right To Health Through A Framework Convention On Global Health?, Eric A. Friedman, Jashodhara Dasgupta, Alicia E. Yamin, Lawrence O. Gostin
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
This article introduces a special issue of Health and Human Rights (volume 15, issue 1) that features articles exploring potential elements of and key questions and issues surrounding the Framework Convention on Global Health (FCGH). The FCGH is a proposed global health treaty that would be grounded in the right to health, with the aim of closing domestic and global health inequities. It would set standards and ensure financing for health care and public health services, while also addressing social determinants of health. The FCGH would raise the priority of health in other sectors, ensure effective private sector regulation, and …
Massacre In Central Burma: Muslim Students Terrorized And Killed In Meiktila, Richard Sollom, Holly G. Atkinson
Massacre In Central Burma: Muslim Students Terrorized And Killed In Meiktila, Richard Sollom, Holly G. Atkinson
Publications and Research
This report details the results of a Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) investigation into the March 20 and 21, 2013, attacks on Muslim students, teachers, and residents in the Mingalar Zayyone quarter of Meiktila, a small town in central Burma.
A two-person team, the authors of the report, from PHR conducted 33 interviews about the attacks, which resulted in the deaths of at least 20 children and four teachers. The report details the attacks by the Buddhist mobs, provides evidence that local police officers were complicit in the crimes, and lists policy recommendations for the Burmese government and the international …
Shots For Tots?, Eric A. Feldman
Shots For Tots?, Eric A. Feldman
All Faculty Scholarship
By endorsing the use of a vaccine that makes the experience of puffing on a cigarette deeply distasteful, Lieber and Millum have taken the first few tentative steps into a future filled with medical interventions that manipulate individual preferences. It is tempting to embrace the careful arguments of “Preventing Sin” and celebrate the possibility that the profound individual and social costs of smoking will finally be tamed. Yet there is something unsettling about the possibility that parental discretion may be on the cusp of a radical expansion, one that involves a new and unexplored approach to behavior modification.
Stemming The Global Trade In Falsified And Substandard Medicines, Lawrence O. Gostin, Gillian J. Buckley, Patrick W. Kelley
Stemming The Global Trade In Falsified And Substandard Medicines, Lawrence O. Gostin, Gillian J. Buckley, Patrick W. Kelley
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Drug safety and quality is an essential assumption of clinical medicine, but there is growing concern that this assumption is not always correct. Poor manufacturing and deliberate fraud occasionally compromises the drug supply in the United States, and the problem is far more common and serious in low- and middle-income countries with weak drug regulatory systems. An Institute of Medicine consensus committee report identified the causes and possible solutions to the problem of falsified and substandard drugs around the world.
The vocabulary people use to discuss the problem is itself a concern. The word counterfeit is often used innocuously to …
Scholar Week, Gregg A. Chenoweth
Scholar Week, Gregg A. Chenoweth
Scholar Week Archives (2011-2015)
ONU's Scholar Week flyer #3.
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2013
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2013
Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Annual Report 2012, Forum Staff
Annual Report 2012, Forum Staff
National Health Policy Forum
This annual report describes the activities of the Forum during the 2012 calendar year, and provides a snapshot of our resources.
Genomics Unbound: The Scientific And Legal Case Against Patents Based On Naturally Occurring Dna Sequences, Fazal Khan
Genomics Unbound: The Scientific And Legal Case Against Patents Based On Naturally Occurring Dna Sequences, Fazal Khan
Scholarly Works
While there have been mixed opinions as to whether gene patents were dead in light of Prometheus,this Article argues that a proper understanding of patent law, genomics, and public policy concerns should lead to no other result. The primary focus of this piece is to rebut certain vested interests in the biotechnology industry and affirm the normative claim that gene patents improperly fetter genomics research and development. First, through the lens of the Myriad case, we will recount why there was such a strong public interest movement against recognizing such patents. Specifically, we will show how patents on naturally occurring …
Migrant Farmworkers And Access To Health Care In Minnesota: Needs, Barriers, And Remedies, Rachel L. Gunsalus
Migrant Farmworkers And Access To Health Care In Minnesota: Needs, Barriers, And Remedies, Rachel L. Gunsalus
Sociology Honors Projects
Every year, migrant farmworkers (MFWs) travel from southern Texas to Minnesota to provide the temporary labor needed to harvest seasonal Minnesotan crops. Migratory agricultural labor exposes workers to increased risk of occupational hazards, communicable disease, and chronic illness. However, the agricultural industry does not offer employer-based health insurance to these seasonal workers, and provides wages insufficient to otherwise cover the cost of health care services. This research investigates the financial and non-financial barriers to health care for Minnesota’s MFWs through interviews with staff from Migrant Health Service, Inc., the only federally-designated Migrant Health Center (MHC) in Minnesota. The findings show …
Tackling The Global Ncd Crisis: Innovations In Law And Governance, Bryan P. Thomas, Lawrence O. Gostin
Tackling The Global Ncd Crisis: Innovations In Law And Governance, Bryan P. Thomas, Lawrence O. Gostin
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
35 million people die annually of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), 80% of them in low- and middle-income countries—representing a marked epidemiological transition from infectious to chronic diseases and from richer to poorer countries. The total number of NCDs is projected to rise by 17% over the coming decade, absent significant interventions. The NCD epidemic poses unique governance challenges: the causes are multifactorial, the affected populations diffuse, and effective responses require sustained multi-sectorial cooperation. The authors propose a range of regulatory options available at the domestic level, including stricter food labeling laws, regulation of food advertisements, tax incentives for healthy lifestyle choices, …
2013 Massachusetts Family Impact Seminar: Youth At Risk, Part 2, Denise A. Hines, Fern L. Johnson, Donna Haig Friedman, Deborah A. Frank
2013 Massachusetts Family Impact Seminar: Youth At Risk, Part 2, Denise A. Hines, Fern L. Johnson, Donna Haig Friedman, Deborah A. Frank
Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise
The youth of Massachusetts are of primary concern to legislators and citizens. This briefing report features three essays by experts — Fern Johnson, Deborah Frank, and Donna Haig Friedman — who focus on three aspects of children in need: children in foster care who need adoption, children who are hungry, and children who are homeless. Each report has further and more detailed suggestions for helping these children in need; below is a summary of the problems we face.
Journey Of A Peace Journalist, Robert Koehler
Journey Of A Peace Journalist, Robert Koehler
Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers
Presented October 15, 2012. 2012 Winnie Veenstra Peace Lecture.
Neuroscience And The Future Of Personhood And Responsibility, Stephen J. Morse
Neuroscience And The Future Of Personhood And Responsibility, Stephen J. Morse
All Faculty Scholarship
This is a chapter in a book, Constitution 3.0: Freedom and Technological Change, edited by Jeffrey Rosen and Benjamin Wittes and published by Brookings. It considers whether likely advances in neuroscience will fundamentally alter our conceptions of human agency, of what it means to be a person, and of responsibility for action. I argue that neuroscience poses no such radical threat now and in the immediate future and it is unlikely ever to pose such a threat unless it or other sciences decisively resolve the mind-body problem. I suggest that until that happens, neuroscience might contribute to the reform of …
Tobacco Endgame Strategies: Challenges In Ethics And Law, Bryan P. Thomas, Lawrence O. Gostin
Tobacco Endgame Strategies: Challenges In Ethics And Law, Bryan P. Thomas, Lawrence O. Gostin
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
There are complex legal and ethical tradeoffs involved in using intensified regulation to bring smoking prevalence to near-zero levels. The authors explore these tradeoffs through a lens of health justice, paying particular attention to the potential impact on vulnerable populations. The ethical tradeoffs explored include the charge that heavy regulation is paternalistic; the potentially regressive impact of heavily taxing a product consumed disproportionately by the poor; the simple loss of enjoyment to heavily addicted smokers; the health risks posed by, for example, regulating nicotine content in cigarettes—where doing so leads to increased consumption. Turning to legalistic concerns, the authors explore …
Area Specific Self-Esteem, Values, And Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Michael Young, Joseph Donnelly, George Denny
Area Specific Self-Esteem, Values, And Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Michael Young, Joseph Donnelly, George Denny
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
This study examined area-specific self-esteem scores by sexual behavior relative to adolescents' values concerning participation in sexual intercourse as an unmarried teenager. The sample consisted of 332 students in grades 7–12 from a Southern rural school district. Students were asked if they had ever had sexual intercourse (yes/no) and if they had participated in sexual intercourse in the last month (yes/no). Respondents also indicated on a 4-point scale their response to the statement “It is against my values to have sex as an unmarried teenager.” Data were analyzed using a 2 × 4 (behavior x values) analysis of variance for …