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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Trends In The Prevalence And Mortality Of Cognitive Impairment In The United States: Is There Evidence Of A Compression Of Cognitive Morbidity, Kenneth Langa, Eric Larson, Jason Karlawish, David Cutler, Mohammed Kabeto, Scott Kim, Allison Rosen
Trends In The Prevalence And Mortality Of Cognitive Impairment In The United States: Is There Evidence Of A Compression Of Cognitive Morbidity, Kenneth Langa, Eric Larson, Jason Karlawish, David Cutler, Mohammed Kabeto, Scott Kim, Allison Rosen
Jason Karlawish
BACKGROUND: Recent medical, demographic, and social trends might have had an important impact on the cognitive health of older adults. To assess the impact of these multiple trends, we compared the prevalence and 2-year mortality of cognitive impairment (CI) consistent with dementia in the United States in 1993 to 1995 and 2002 to 2004. METHODS: We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative population-based longitudinal survey of U.S. adults. Individuals aged 70 years or older from the 1993 (N = 7,406) and 2002 (N = 7,104) waves of the HRS were included. CI was determined …
Trust And Satisfaction With Physicians, Insurers, And The Medical Profession, Rajesh Balkrishnan, Elizabeth Dugan, Fabian Camacho, Mark Hall
Trust And Satisfaction With Physicians, Insurers, And The Medical Profession, Rajesh Balkrishnan, Elizabeth Dugan, Fabian Camacho, Mark Hall
Elizabeth Dugan
BACKGROUND: Conceptual or theoretical analysts of trust in medical settings distinguish among markedly different objects or types of trust. However, little is known about how similar or different these types of trust are in reality and the relationship of trust with satisfaction. OBJECTIVES: This exploratory study conducted a comparison among trust in one's personal physician, health insurer, and in the medical profession, and examined whether the relationship between trust and satisfaction differs according to the type of trust in question. RESEARCH DESIGN: Random national telephone survey using validated multi-item measures of trust and satisfaction. SUBJECTS: A total of 1117 individuals …
The Impact On Patient Trust Of Legalising Physician Aid In Dying, Mark Hall, Felicia Trachtenberg, Elizabeth Dugan
The Impact On Patient Trust Of Legalising Physician Aid In Dying, Mark Hall, Felicia Trachtenberg, Elizabeth Dugan
Elizabeth Dugan
OBJECTIVE: Little empirical evidence exists to support either side of the ongoing debate over whether legalising physician aid in dying would undermine patient trust. DESIGN: A random national sample of 1117 US adults were asked about their level of agreement with a statement that they would trust their doctor less if "euthanasia were legal [and] doctors were allowed to help patients die". RESULTS: There was disagreement by 58% of the participants, and agreement by only 20% that legalising euthanasia would cause them to trust their personal physician less. The remainder were neutral. These attitudes were the same in men and …
The Effects Of Implementation Of The Agency For Health Care Policy And Research Urinary Incontinence Guidelines In Primary Care Practices, Deirdre Bland, Elizabeth Dugan, Stuart Cohen, John Preisser, Cralen Davis, Paul Mcgann, Patricia Suggs, Katherine Pearce
The Effects Of Implementation Of The Agency For Health Care Policy And Research Urinary Incontinence Guidelines In Primary Care Practices, Deirdre Bland, Elizabeth Dugan, Stuart Cohen, John Preisser, Cralen Davis, Paul Mcgann, Patricia Suggs, Katherine Pearce
Elizabeth Dugan
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a multifaceted intervention based on the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) Clinical Practice Guidelines for Urinary Incontinence would increase primary care physician screening for and management of urinary incontinence (UI). DESIGN: Group randomized trial, conducted from 1996 to 1997. SETTING: Internal medicine and family medicine community practices. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one primary care practices, including 57 physicians and their staff and 1,145 patients aged 60 and older. INTERVENTION: Twenty of the 41 primary care practices in North Carolina were randomized to a composite intervention that included a 3-hour continuing medical education accredited course, training in …
The Impact Of A Video Intervention On The Use Of Low Vision Assistive Devices, Robert Goldstein, Elizabeth Dugan, Felicia Trachtenberg, Eli Peli
The Impact Of A Video Intervention On The Use Of Low Vision Assistive Devices, Robert Goldstein, Elizabeth Dugan, Felicia Trachtenberg, Eli Peli
Elizabeth Dugan
PURPOSE: An image-enhanced educational and motivational video was developed for patients with low vision and their caretakers. Impact on knowledge, self-efficacy, and attitudes was assessed. METHODS: The video incorporated cognitive restructuring to change emotional response; a "virtual home"; a veridical simulation of vision with age-related macular degeneration and contrast enhancement of the video. Subjects (median age 77.5) were randomized into control (n=79) and intervention (n=75) groups. Telephone interviews were at baseline, 2 weeks and 3 months. Main outcome measures were: knowledge (eight questions), self-efficacy score (seven questions), adaptive behaviors (10 questions), willingness to use devices, and emotional response (4-point scales). …
Baseline Experience With Modified Mini Mental State Exam: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (Whims), Stephen Rapp, Mark Espeland, Patricia Hogan, Beverly Jones, Elizabeth Dugan
Baseline Experience With Modified Mini Mental State Exam: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (Whims), Stephen Rapp, Mark Espeland, Patricia Hogan, Beverly Jones, Elizabeth Dugan
Elizabeth Dugan
The Modified Mini Mental State Exam (3MS) is widely used for screening global cognitive functioning, however little is known about its performance in clinical trials. We report the distribution of 3MS scores among women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) and describe differences in these scores associated with age, education, and ethnicity. The 3MS exams were administered to 7,480 women aged 65-80 who had volunteered for and were eligible for a clinical trial on postmenopausal hormone therapy. General linear models were used to describe demographic differences among scores. Factor analysis was used to characterize the correlational structure …