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Articles 1 - 30 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Perceived Job Stress And Life Style Behaviors' Effects On The Quality Of Life Of Registered Nurses, Jennifer Rose Limongiello
Perceived Job Stress And Life Style Behaviors' Effects On The Quality Of Life Of Registered Nurses, Jennifer Rose Limongiello
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine to what extent work demands as measured by perceived job stress affected the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) as determined by the number of unhealthy days of registered nurses in the United States. This study was also an investigation of the extent to which other variables such as body-mass index (BMI) and certain lifestyle behaviors affected the HRQOL (number of unhealthy days). The independent variables were perceived job stress, weight (BMI), and lifestyle factors such as tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity, and the mindful eating score, and the dependent variable …
Social Network And Health Seeking Behavior Of Men Of West African Descent, Opeyemi Odewale
Social Network And Health Seeking Behavior Of Men Of West African Descent, Opeyemi Odewale
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Men are less likely than women to seek help from health services providers regarding the health issues they face. In the United States, of the various race/ethnicity populations, Black American men are least likely to seek health related help, which is reflected in the substantially higher mortality and morbidity rates in Black American men compared to other populations. Guided by the social epidemiological framework, this study examined the relationship between social network measure and health help-seeking behavior among foreign-born and U.S.-born Black American men of West African descent residing in the state of Rhode Island. A cross-sectional study design with …
Retired, Unmarried, Male Baby Boomer Attitudes And Behaviors Toward Disease Prevention, Irene Nyawira Ruminjo
Retired, Unmarried, Male Baby Boomer Attitudes And Behaviors Toward Disease Prevention, Irene Nyawira Ruminjo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Preventive health care is effective in reducing both infectious diseases and chronic conditions among the elderly. Despite efforts to prevent or decrease the risk of illness, unmarried men are less likely to receive selected preventive services compared to married men. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey was to describe disease prevention attitudes and behaviors of retired, unmarried, male baby boomers residing in Harlingen, Texas. Further, the study examined the effects of socioeconomic status on disease prevention attitudes and behaviors. The health belief theory framed the study. A validated questionnaire collected disease prevention attitudes, behaviors, and sociodemographic characteristics data. Data inquiry …
Children's Oncology Group Hospital Membership And Survival Of Pediatric Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Paul David Betts
Children's Oncology Group Hospital Membership And Survival Of Pediatric Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Paul David Betts
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) predominates in children ages 0-14 years and has an excellent prognosis for cure with 5-year survival exceeding 90% in the United States. However, not all children experience such positive outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective cohort study was to evaluate differences in survival of ALL among children who reside in the 32-county Texas-Mexico border region. While factors such as poverty and health insurance have been strongly associated with poorer cancer outcomes, additional factors such as geographic isolation and treatment disparities are not as well-documented in children. This study examined the association between use of Texas …
The Role Of Inflammatory Biological Markers In Novel Pharmacotherapies For Populations With Depression, Stacey Boyer
The Role Of Inflammatory Biological Markers In Novel Pharmacotherapies For Populations With Depression, Stacey Boyer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Current interventional pharmaceutical therapies targeted for depression are not adequate to achieve sufficient remission following treatment. Researchers explored inflammatory biomarkers as a way of understanding why treatment for depression is effective for some and not others. The purpose of this secondary data analysis study was to determine if there was a relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and treatment efficacy in persons diagnosed with depression who have demonstrated a previous lack of remission. Using the immune-cytokine paradigm of depression (POD) allowed depression to be viewed as multifaceted and a potential signal of chronic immune system activation. This secondary data analysis included findings …
Religiosity As A Predictor Of Hpv Awareness And Knowledge, Karen Adelheid Reiner
Religiosity As A Predictor Of Hpv Awareness And Knowledge, Karen Adelheid Reiner
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) and etiological agent of cervical cancer. It has been suggested that religiosity may promote a generalized disassociation between all STIs/STDs, including HPV, and personal relevance thus contributing to lower levels of HPV awareness and knowledge among certain groups. This study sought to identify the role of religiosity as a predictor of HPV awareness and knowledge among women in a Christian university. Religiosity was defined and measured using the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL). The schemata and social identity theories provided the theoretical framework for this study. A total of …
Individual And Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Childhood Immunization Coverage In Nigeria, Obinna Ositadimma Oleribe
Individual And Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Childhood Immunization Coverage In Nigeria, Obinna Ositadimma Oleribe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Immunization remains one of the most successful and cost-effective public health interventions worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual and socioeconomic factors that influence childhood immunization coverage in Nigeria. The health belief model and the social ecological model were used as the theoretical framework for the study, which examined the effects of individual, parental, and socioeconomic factors on complete immunization among Nigerian children. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate tests were conducted within a secondary analysis of 2013 Nigerian National Demographic and Health Survey was done. Of 27,571 children aged 0 to 59 months, 22.1% had full vaccination …
Possible Risk Factors For Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Infection In The Philippines, Molovon Jr Pasagui Azores
Possible Risk Factors For Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Infection In The Philippines, Molovon Jr Pasagui Azores
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Philippines. The purpose of this study was to gain knowledge about the relationship between potential risk factors and MDR-TB. Risk factors (the independent variables) for MDR-TB (the dependent variable) include previous TB treatment, infection with HIV, exposure to patients with drug-susceptible TB/MDR-TB, delays in diagnosis and treatment, employment status, smoking, imprisonment, alcohol abuse, and poor compliance with TB treatment regimens. The study was based on the epidemiological approach to causal inference work. A case-control study design was used wherein a quantitative method was applied in data …
Association Between Physician Characteristics And Surgical Errors In U.S. Hospitals, Obumneke A. Amadi
Association Between Physician Characteristics And Surgical Errors In U.S. Hospitals, Obumneke A. Amadi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The high incidence of medical and surgical errors in U.S. hospitals and clinics affects patients' safety. Not enough is known about the relationship between physician characteristics and medical error rates. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between selected physician characteristics and surgical errors in U.S. hospitals. The ecological model was used to understand personal and systemic factors that might be related to the incidence of surgical errors. Archived data from the National Practitioner Data Bank database of physician surgical errors were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Independent variables included physicians' home …
Predicting Weight Management Advice Behavior Using Social Cognitive Theory Among Psychiatry Professionals, Chidi Chima
Predicting Weight Management Advice Behavior Using Social Cognitive Theory Among Psychiatry Professionals, Chidi Chima
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity remains a public health concern among persons with mental illness resulting from the interaction of a combination of factors such as genetic, medication, effects of their symptoms, social, and environmental factors. Obesity complications account for increased mortality and morbidity, reduced life expectancy, and quality of life in persons with mental illness. The management of obesity is challenging and predicting the ability of mental health professionals to advise patients on weight management behavior is important to improve patients' overall well-being. The social cognitive theory constructs knowledge, expectations, situational perception, self-efficacy, and goal setting were utilized in predicting Weight Management Advice …
Impact Of The Childcare Setting And Caregiver Education On Toddler Language Environment, Snejana Nihtianova
Impact Of The Childcare Setting And Caregiver Education On Toddler Language Environment, Snejana Nihtianova
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Young children's early language development is strongly related to their school performance, and slow language growth may predict later academic problems. The link between the language quality and amount of speech that children hear and their language development is well documented; however, the factors that impact variability in linguistic input are not well understood. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess the association between childcare settings and childcare provider education level and toddlers' language environment. The study sample consisted of 29 Bulgarian children. The study used a new technology called Language Environment Analysis, which is the preferred method …
Predictors Of Uti Antibiotic Resistance For Female Medicaid Recipients In U.S. Ambulatory Care Settings, Wendy Denise Wiesehuegel
Predictors Of Uti Antibiotic Resistance For Female Medicaid Recipients In U.S. Ambulatory Care Settings, Wendy Denise Wiesehuegel
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Urinary tract infections are diagnosed in female populations primarily in ambulatory care settings in the United States. Yet, published evidence documents that many of the antibiotics prescribed in these settings are unnecessary, erroneous, or, inappropriately prescribed. Improper management of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in nonpregnant women has resulted in higher morbidity rates due to antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this retrospective observational cohort study was to explore a current national database for associations between nonpregnant American female patients who were exposed to poverty and at risk for urinary tract infection antibiotic resistance in an ambulatory care setting. Krieger's ecosocial theory …
The Molecular Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis In South Carolina, 2005-2011: Estimates Of Recent Transmission And Risk Factors For Genotype Clustering, Amy Kathleen Roach
The Molecular Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis In South Carolina, 2005-2011: Estimates Of Recent Transmission And Risk Factors For Genotype Clustering, Amy Kathleen Roach
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Because tuberculosis (TB) is a public health threat that continues to elude elimination in the United States, there is a need to identify contributing factors that may have implications for targeted control measures. Molecular studies of genetic clustering are crucial for pinpointing these contributing factors. It is for this reason this study was conducted. This was a non-experimental, cross-sectional population-based molecular epidemiological study of TB in SC from 2005 to 2011. Its purpose was to estimate the proportion of TB that may be due to recently acquired infection and to determine the risk factors associated with the genetic clustering of …
The Association Between Dietary Flavonoid Intake And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Systemic Inflammation, And Comorbidity Burden, Tennador Sanderson
The Association Between Dietary Flavonoid Intake And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Systemic Inflammation, And Comorbidity Burden, Tennador Sanderson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Dietary habits may have an impact on COPD through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. For this cross-sectional secondary data analysis study, the advanced model of the epidemiology triangle was used as a guide to assess the association between total daily flavonoid intake and COPD diagnosis, COPD severity, systemic inflammation, and comorbidity burden. Data from over 5,100 male and female participants aged 30 and older were obtained from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The prevalence of COPD was 5.2% according to spirometry data. Multiple …
The Impact Of Stigma On Hiv/Aids Testing Among Kenyan Diaspora Women, Phyllis Catherine Nyotta
The Impact Of Stigma On Hiv/Aids Testing Among Kenyan Diaspora Women, Phyllis Catherine Nyotta
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Researchers have considered HIV/AIDS in Kenya as the largest HIV pandemic in the world, with about 6.3 million individuals living with the disease as of 2013. About 25% of new HIV patients are adult women, aged 15 to 24 years old. Guided by the health belief model (HBM), the purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional survey research study was to explore the influence of various dimensions of HIV/AIDS stigma (public, self, enacted, and structural) on the uptake of HIV testing among Kenyan Diaspora women in United States. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test if there was a correlation between …
Impact Of The Affordable Care Act On The Hiv Care Continuum, Ebere Erugo
Impact Of The Affordable Care Act On The Hiv Care Continuum, Ebere Erugo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS; PLWHA) are at increased risk of insufficient medical care due to lack of insurance. Inadequate medical care for PLWHA contributes to increases in HIV transmission rates. The U.S. Surveillance Report noted that in 2015, over 1.2 million people were living with HIV infection, and there were approximately 50,000 new infections every year. The report further stated that about 675,000 people have died from HIV-related illnesses since its discovery in 1981. The implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2014 was intended to provide Americans, including people at …
Assessing Effective Interventions In Pregnant And Postpartum American Indian And Alaska Native Women, Hope Thompson
Assessing Effective Interventions In Pregnant And Postpartum American Indian And Alaska Native Women, Hope Thompson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Through the creation of the Indian Health Service in 1955, the health status of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) has improved; however, AI/AN women of reproductive age still have some of the poorest health outcomes of all populations. This study aimed to examine effective interventions that seek to improve the health of AI/AN women during pregnancy, and immediately postpartum (up to 12 months post delivery). This study addressed the research question: What effect does parental competence have on early parenting and/or infant/toddler outcomes? The life course conceptual framework was used to demonstrate how life experiences impact current health. The …
Exploring The Role Of Faith In Survival Of Breast Cancer, Franklin D. Lewis, Jr.
Exploring The Role Of Faith In Survival Of Breast Cancer, Franklin D. Lewis, Jr.
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In 2013, approximately 232,340 women were diagnosed with breast cancer, and an estimated 39,620 women would die as a result of breast cancer. Stage I breast cancer can often be treated, but Stage IV breast cancer presents more difficulties in treatment, as it spreads to the bones, liver, or other areas of the body. Consequently, women with Stage IV breast cancer have very low 18 month and 5-year survival rates. According to some statistics, 79.5% of the United States population claim to be Christian. Much of this segment of the population uses faith to guide most aspects of their lives, …
Factors Affecting Inadequate Growth During Early Childhood In Guyana, South America, Valescia Xenobia John
Factors Affecting Inadequate Growth During Early Childhood In Guyana, South America, Valescia Xenobia John
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Children under 5 years of age in Guyana are at an increased risk for inadequate growth. According to the United Nations Development Programme, 1 out of 3 children of preschool age are undernourished globally. This is a major public health concern as undernourishment in children under 5 years can lead to lifelong health complications. The study assessed the relationship between inadequate growth and urban classification in children under 5 years in Guyana, South America, after controlling for the following variables: mother's level of education, mother's age at birth of the child, household size, wealth, and marital status. The study framework …
Educational Intervention For Engaging Adolescents And Their Parents In Hpv Vaccination, Alvin Mena Cantero
Educational Intervention For Engaging Adolescents And Their Parents In Hpv Vaccination, Alvin Mena Cantero
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, 79 million people are currently infected with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and it is estimated that an additional 14 to 20 million people will be infected with HPV every year. Infection with HPV increased to 52.7 % of preventable infections within the United States in 2012, and 39.6% of the infected population are adolescents engaged in sexual activities. The practice-focused question that this project addressed was: To what extent can an educational program influence the HPV vaccination rate in a small family practice clinic located in Texas? The main purpose of this project was to increase …
Pathopoiesis Mechanism Of Smoking And Shared Genes In Pancreatic Cancer, Ulysses Labilles
Pathopoiesis Mechanism Of Smoking And Shared Genes In Pancreatic Cancer, Ulysses Labilles
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a significant, unresolved issue because of its complex genetic blueprint and lack of reliable detection markers. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible correlation between tobacco use, gender, and age in the etiopathogenesis of PC and other cancer types with a shared-gene association (CTSG-A). The unified paradigm of cancer causation was used to understand the pathopoiesis mechanism of smoking and shared genes in PC. A cross-sectional study was performed using secondary data from the cancer survivorship module of the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Results of ordinal logistic regression analyses indicated …
Safety Practices On Lead Poisoning Among Battery Technicians In Lagos Nigeria, Tajudeen Olusegun Rasheed
Safety Practices On Lead Poisoning Among Battery Technicians In Lagos Nigeria, Tajudeen Olusegun Rasheed
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Maintaining due diligence on safety practices at the workplace of battery technicians is the most cost-effective intervention against lead-related hazards. The safety practice on lead poisoning in Nigeria is below average, and the compliance level is far from the expected target of 90%. Using Dejoy's workplace self-protective behavior theory, this study investigated multilevel factors that influence safety practices on lead poisoning and compared the rate of utilization of personal protective equipment by battery technicians in the organized and roadside settings. The study was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, and a multistage and systematic sampling technique was used to select 293 …
Brachytherapy And External Beam Radiation And Survival Of Jamaicans With Prostate Cancer, Salome Elizabeth Brown-Williams
Brachytherapy And External Beam Radiation And Survival Of Jamaicans With Prostate Cancer, Salome Elizabeth Brown-Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Jamaican males are a high-risk population for aggressive prostate cancer (PrCa) due to genetic influences, and identifying empirical data on treatments, which provide survival benefits is a prime challenge for clinicians who manage Jamaican PrCa patients. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to elucidate treatment effects of brachytherapy and ERBT in the survival of a Jamaican PrCa cohort. Differences in survival outcomes of brachytherapy and ERBT treated Jamaican, and White U.S.-born PrCa patients with localized PrCa were compared. The mechanism of radiation programmed cell death in PrCa carcinogenesis explained in the oxidative stress theory, was the theoretical base for …
Knowledge Of Malaria Infection And Treatment-Seeking Behavior Among Tanzanian Pregnant Women, Emebet T. Derjew
Knowledge Of Malaria Infection And Treatment-Seeking Behavior Among Tanzanian Pregnant Women, Emebet T. Derjew
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite the availability of effective drugs to prevent malaria during pregnancy using intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine or Fansidar and insecticide bed net, use of these methods are still little used in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. As a result, many pregnant women are at risk of malaria consequences such as maternal anemia and low birth weight babies, which increase the rate of infant mortality. Data from the Demographic Health Survey for Tanzania HIV/AIDs and the Malaria Indicator Survey 2011-2012 were used in a cross-sectional design guided by the health belief model. Logistic regression examined the association between (a) preventive treatment-seeking …
Effects Of Temperature And Precipitation On Giardiasis In Missouri, Lori Michelle Calderas
Effects Of Temperature And Precipitation On Giardiasis In Missouri, Lori Michelle Calderas
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Global Climate Change has empirical evidence to support the idea that CO2 levels may be affecting weather and health, including rates of infectious diseases. The Midwest region of the United States of America has had the highest increase in giardiasis rates in recent years, and Missouri was chosen for this study as a representative state in the Midwest. There is no definitive answer as to why the rates of giardiasis have changed from 2003 - 2013. The Theory of Climate Change was used as the theoretical framework for this study. The purpose of this research was to determine whether temperature, …
Determinants Of Switching From Peritoneal To Hemodialysis In Preserving Residual Renal Function, Mohamed Katerji
Determinants Of Switching From Peritoneal To Hemodialysis In Preserving Residual Renal Function, Mohamed Katerji
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There are more than 2 million end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in the world. ESRD is becoming more manageable with the advent of competent therapies such as peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD). While recent evidence suggests that switching from PD to HD may preserve residual renal function longer than either PD or HD alone as an alternative approach, little is known about the optimal timing and the long-term efficacy of switching dialysis modes. The purpose of this quantitative retrospective study, based on the bio-psychosocial model, was to investigate the optimal timing and determinants of the effectiveness of switching …
Impact Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Maternal Health And Birth Weight In Appalachia, Kristen Baker Dickerson
Impact Of Adverse Childhood Experiences On Maternal Health And Birth Weight In Appalachia, Kristen Baker Dickerson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Adverse birth outcomes and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are concerns in the United States, with potential to impact health indices now and in the future. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine the association between maternal exposure to ACE, low birth weight, and county of residence in the Appalachian population using the Life Course Approach as the theoretical framework. A cross-sectional study design and clustering strategy was used to randomly select potential respondents from a data set that was provided by Ohio Department of Health. Self-administered questionnaires were sent to potential respondents to collect information about ACE in …
Quantifying The Quality Of Antimalarial Drugs In Ghana, Felix Boakye-Agyeman
Quantifying The Quality Of Antimalarial Drugs In Ghana, Felix Boakye-Agyeman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Malaria is still an epidemic in many parts of the world-about 220 million people are still infected with malaria worldwide and about 700 thousand people die from this disease per year. Most of the drugs used to treat malaria work well if they are used as required and they contain the right amounts of the active ingredient; however, it is estimated that more than 10% of drugs traded worldwide are counterfeits including 38% to 53% of antimalarial tablets produced in China and India. Due to the lack of data covering the extent of counterfeit antimalarial drugs in Ghana, the purpose …
Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy And Prenatal Care Attendance In Abuja, Nigeria., Dorothy Ijeoma Ezekwe-Anya
Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy And Prenatal Care Attendance In Abuja, Nigeria., Dorothy Ijeoma Ezekwe-Anya
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Intimate partner violence (IPV) among women poses a significant threat to maternal mortality during pregnancy in Nigeria with a prevalence rate of 14% in the southern region versus 43% in the northern region. Early and adequate prenatal care is essential for improving pregnancy outcomes and the reduction of the maternal mortality rate. Previous studies in several countries have demonstrated a unique barrier to healthcare access among women exposed to IPV. This study assessed the association between IPV during pregnancy and prenatal clinic attendance, using a cross-sectional quantitative study design guided by the social learning theory. The modified Conflict Tactile Scale …
Relationship Between Assisted Reproductive Technology And Risk Of Stillbirth, Jeani Chang
Relationship Between Assisted Reproductive Technology And Risk Of Stillbirth, Jeani Chang
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is an infertility treatment used to assist women to become pregnant. Although the procedure is safe, there are gaps in understanding the association between treatment and adverse pregnancy outcomes (e.g., stillbirth) in the United States. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between stillbirth delivery and ART. The 2 research questions addressed the association between methods of conception (ART versus non-ART) and the delivery of a stillbirth, and the association between multiple gestation pregnancy and risk of stillbirths. Retrospective cohort data from the States Monitoring ART collaborative were analyzed using Pearson's chi squared …