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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Social Determinants Of Cardiometabolic Disease Control: An Ecosocial Approach, Cristina Huebner Torres
Social Determinants Of Cardiometabolic Disease Control: An Ecosocial Approach, Cristina Huebner Torres
Doctoral Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are three primary risk factors for CVD. Each is disproportionately distributed in the population by race/ethnicity. Social determinants of health (SDoH) research indicate that social and environmental factors upstream of individual behaviors can impede an individual’s chronic disease control. Guided by Michael Marmot’s SDoH theoretical framework and by an ecosocial approach, this study used data from a cross-sectional mixed methods study conducted in Western Massachusetts at a federally qualified health center from 2014 to 2018 (RxHL) to examine the association between SDoH—food …
Phthalates, Embryo Development, And Sperm Dna Methylation, Haotian Wu
Phthalates, Embryo Development, And Sperm Dna Methylation, Haotian Wu
Doctoral Dissertations
Infertility affects 15% of all couples and presents a major public health issue. Animal and human data indicate that epigenetic dysregulation in sperm is associated with poor male reproductive health and extensive epigenetic reprogramming during spermatogenesis presents a window of vulnerability for environmentally-induced epigenetic dysregulation. Phthalates is a class of ubiquitous environmental contaminant and global health concern. Phthalate exposure in humans has been associated with diminished male fertility, adverse birth outcomes, and altered offspring development. In order to facilitate additional research on this topic, we aimed to developing a higher throughput method of sperm nucleic acid extraction. In addition, this …
Vitamin D, Calcium, And Dairy Consumption And Risk Of Early Menopause, Alexandra C. Purdue-Smithe
Vitamin D, Calcium, And Dairy Consumption And Risk Of Early Menopause, Alexandra C. Purdue-Smithe
Doctoral Dissertations
Early menopause, defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 45, affects roughly 10% of women in Western populations. Current research suggests that women who experience early menopause are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and other adverse health outcomes. Early menopause may also have substantial financial and psychological consequences for family planning, particularly as women increasingly delay childbearing into the later reproductive years. Emerging research suggests that modifiable lifestyle factors such as diet may play an important role in ovarian aging. According to our review of the current biologic and epidemiologic literature in Chapter 1, vitamin …
Hormonal Contraceptive Use Among Active Duty Army Servicewomen. Trends And Implications For Risk Of Musculoskeletal Injury., Melanie K. Hosker
Hormonal Contraceptive Use Among Active Duty Army Servicewomen. Trends And Implications For Risk Of Musculoskeletal Injury., Melanie K. Hosker
Doctoral Dissertations
Almost 40% of servicewomen use hormonal contraception every year, and 60% will use a contraceptive method in their military career. Rates of contraceptive use and musculoskeletal injury are higher among servicewomen as compared to civilians. Gender differences in rates of musculoskeletal injury have led investigators to question the role of sex hormones, including contraception. Recent studies suggest that hormonal contraceptives may decreased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, potentially decreasing early onset osteoarthritis (OA). We utilized the Total Army Injury and Health Outcome Database, which prospectively captured demographics, clinical and pharmacy records on over 5.6 million Army soldiers since …
Investigations Of The Role Of Acculturation In Cancer Screening And Phthalates In Breast Cancer Risk And Weight And Body Mass Index Change, Mary V. Diaz Santana
Investigations Of The Role Of Acculturation In Cancer Screening And Phthalates In Breast Cancer Risk And Weight And Body Mass Index Change, Mary V. Diaz Santana
Doctoral Dissertations
INVESTIGATIONS OF THE ROLE OF ACCULTURATION IN CANCER SCREENING AND PHTHALATES IN BREAST CANCER RISK AND WEIGHT AND BODY MASS INDEX CHANGE MAY 2018 MARY V. DIAZ SANTANA, B.S., UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO RIO PIEDRAS CAMPUS M.S., UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MEDICAL SCIENCE CAMPUS Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Katherine Reeves Phthalates, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, are hypothesized to increase obesity and, as a result, risk of obesity-related cancers, such as breast cancer. However, findings are not consistent across studies. Identifying whether phthalates impact obesity is critical for understanding the pathways by which phthalates may affect cancer risk. Experimental …