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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Effects Of Niacin In Human Vascular Endothelial Cells During Lipotoxicity, Jennifer M. Hughes-Large
Effects Of Niacin In Human Vascular Endothelial Cells During Lipotoxicity, Jennifer M. Hughes-Large
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Nicotinic acid (NA) can improve vascular function and regeneration independent of correcting dyslipidemia. NA, as a potential biosynthetic precursor for NAD+, may elicit these vascular benefits through SIRT-mediated NAD+-dependent responses. We hypothesized that NA improves endothelial cell function under lipotoxic conditions through NAD+-dependent pathways. Angiogenic function in excess palmitate was assessed by tube formation assay following treatment of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) with NA or nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN; a direct NAD+ precursor). Both NA and NMN improved HMVEC angiogenic function during palmitate overload. Only NMN increased cellular NAD+ and SIRT1 activity, …
Elongation Factor 1a-1 And Hepatocyte Response To Fatty Acid Excess, Alexandra M. Stoianov
Elongation Factor 1a-1 And Hepatocyte Response To Fatty Acid Excess, Alexandra M. Stoianov
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Obesity is associated with elevated levels of serum fatty acids, which accumulate in nonadipose tissues including the liver. Elongation factor 1A-1 (EF1A-1) has previously been shown to participate in the cell stress and death response of cardiomyocytes to excess saturated fatty exposure, and in steatotic mouse myocardium. In this thesis, the hypothesis that the hepatocyte response to fatty acid overload involves EF1A-1 was tested. EF1A-1 expression was induced in the livers of obese mice in association with severe hepatic steatosis, and in HepG2 human hepatoma cells in response to excess palmitate. Partial translocation of EF1A-1 from the ER to polymerized …
Using Geospatial Technologies To Characterize Relationships Between Travel Behavior, Food Availability, And Health, Warren J. Christian
Using Geospatial Technologies To Characterize Relationships Between Travel Behavior, Food Availability, And Health, Warren J. Christian
Theses and Dissertations--Geography
Epidemic obesity in the U.S. has prompted exploration of causal factors related to the built environment. Recent research has noted statistical associations between the spatial accessibility of retail food sources, such as supermarkets, convenience stores, and restaurants, and individual characteristics such as weight, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. These studies typically use residential proximity or neighborhood density to food sources as the measure of accessibility. Assessing food environments in this manner, however, is very limiting. Since most people travel outside of their neighborhood on a daily basis, the retail food sources available to individuals residing in the same area could vary …