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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Time Is Ticking For Cervical Cancer, Vijay Kumar, Caitlin Bauer, John H. Stewart
Time Is Ticking For Cervical Cancer, Vijay Kumar, Caitlin Bauer, John H. Stewart
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Cervical cancer (CC) is a major health problem among reproductive-age females and comprises a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor associated with CC incidence. However, lifestyle is also a critical factor in CC pathogenesis. Despite HPV vaccination introduction, the incidence of CC is increasing worldwide. Therefore, it becomes critical to understand the CC tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) to develop immune cell-based vaccination and immunotherapeutic approaches. The current article discusses the immune environment in the normal cervix of adult females and its role in HPV infection. The subsequent sections discuss the alteration of different …
Phytochemicals In The Treatment Of Inflammation-Associated Diseases: The Journey From Preclinical Trials To Clinical Practice, Akib Nisar, Suresh Jagtap, Suresh Vyavahare, Manasi Deshpande, Abhay Harsulkar, Prabhakar Ranjekar, Om Prakash
Phytochemicals In The Treatment Of Inflammation-Associated Diseases: The Journey From Preclinical Trials To Clinical Practice, Akib Nisar, Suresh Jagtap, Suresh Vyavahare, Manasi Deshpande, Abhay Harsulkar, Prabhakar Ranjekar, Om Prakash
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Advances in biomedical research have demonstrated that inflammation and its related diseases are the greatest threat to public health. Inflammatory action is the pathological response of the body towards the external stimuli such as infections, environmental factors, and autoimmune conditions to reduce tissue damage and improve patient comfort. However, when detrimental signal-transduction pathways are activated and inflammatory mediators are released over an extended period of time, the inflammatory process continues and a mild but persistent pro-inflammatory state may develop. Numerous degenerative disorders and chronic health issues including arthritis, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, among others, are associated with the …
Combination Sodium Nitrite And Hydralazine Therapy Attenuates Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Severity In A “2-Hit” Murine Model, Kyle B. Lapenna, Zhen Li, Jake E. Doiron, Thomas E. Sharp, Huijing Xia, Karl Moles, Kashyap Koul, John S. Wang, David J. Polhemus, Traci T. Goodchild, Ravi B. Patel, Sanjiv J. Shah, David J. Lefer
Combination Sodium Nitrite And Hydralazine Therapy Attenuates Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Severity In A “2-Hit” Murine Model, Kyle B. Lapenna, Zhen Li, Jake E. Doiron, Thomas E. Sharp, Huijing Xia, Karl Moles, Kashyap Koul, John S. Wang, David J. Polhemus, Traci T. Goodchild, Ravi B. Patel, Sanjiv J. Shah, David J. Lefer
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that cardiac nitrosative stress mediated by pathological overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) via inducible NO synthase (iNOS) contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Other studies have suggested that endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) dysfunction and attenuated NO bioavailability contribute to HFpEF morbidity and mortality. We sought to further investigate dysregulated NO signaling and to examine the effects of a NO-based dual therapy (sodium nitrite+hydralazine) following the onset of HFpEF using a “2-hit” murine model. METHODS AND RESULTS: Nine-week-old male C57BL/6 N mice (n=15 per group) were treated concurrently with high-fat …
Increased Inflammatory Low-Density Neutrophils In Severe Obesity And Effect Of Bariatric Surgery: Results From Case-Control And Prospective Cohort Studies, Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino, William S. Richardson, Jovanny Zabaleta, Ramesh Thylur Puttalingaiah, Andrew G. Chapple, Jiao Liu, Yonghyan Kim, Michelle Ponder, Randi Dearmitt, Lyndsey Buckner Baiamonte, Dorota Wyczechowska, Liqin Zheng, Amir A. Al-Khami, Jone Garai, Rachel Martini, Melissa Davis, Jessica Koller Gorham, James B. Wooldridge, Paulo C. Rodriguez, Lucio Miele, Augusto C. Ochoa
Increased Inflammatory Low-Density Neutrophils In Severe Obesity And Effect Of Bariatric Surgery: Results From Case-Control And Prospective Cohort Studies, Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino, William S. Richardson, Jovanny Zabaleta, Ramesh Thylur Puttalingaiah, Andrew G. Chapple, Jiao Liu, Yonghyan Kim, Michelle Ponder, Randi Dearmitt, Lyndsey Buckner Baiamonte, Dorota Wyczechowska, Liqin Zheng, Amir A. Al-Khami, Jone Garai, Rachel Martini, Melissa Davis, Jessica Koller Gorham, James B. Wooldridge, Paulo C. Rodriguez, Lucio Miele, Augusto C. Ochoa
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: Low-density neutrophils (LDN) are increased in several inflammatory diseases and may also play a role in the low-grade chronic inflammation associated with obesity. Here we explored their role in obesity, determined their gene signatures, and assessed the effect of bariatric surgery. Methods: We compared the number, function, and gene expression profiles of circulating LDN in morbidly obese patients (MOP, n=27; body mass index (BMI) > 40 Kg/m2) and normal-weight controls (NWC, n=20; BMI < 25 Kg/m2) in a case-control study. Additionally, in a prospective longitudinal study, we measured changes in the frequency of LDN after bariatric surgery (n=36) and tested for associations with metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Findings: LDN and inflammatory markers were significantly increased in MOP compared to NWC. Transcriptome analysis showed increased neutrophil-related gene expression signatures associated with inflammation, neutrophil activation, and immunosuppressive function. However, LDN did not suppress T cells proliferation and produced low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Circulating LDN in MOP significantly decreased after bariatric surgery in parallel with BMI, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory markers. Interpretation: Obesity increases LDN displaying an inflammatory gene signature. Our results suggest that LDN may represent a neutrophil subset associated with chronic inflammation, a feature of obesity that has been previously associated with the appearance and progression of co-morbidities. Furthermore, bariatric surgery, as an efficient therapy for severe obesity, reduces LDN in circulation and improves several components of the metabolic syndrome supporting its recognized anti-inflammatory and beneficial metabolic effects. Funding: This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; 5P30GM114732-02, P20CA233374 – A. Ochoa and L. Miele), Pennington Biomedical NORC (P30DK072476 – E. Ravussin & LSU-NO Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center and Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center (LACaTS; U54-GM104940 – J. Kirwan).