Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fluoride Varnish May Improve White Spot Lesions, Gary L. Stafford

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Design

A randomised, parallel-group, controlled clinical trial.

Intervention

The test group had fluoride varnish applied onto the tooth surfaces with WSLs using a miniature cotton swab or brush and advised not to brush for four hours. The control group had saline solution applied.

Outcome measure

Status of the WSLs were assessed using a DIAGNOdent pen (KaVo, Biberach, Germany).

Results

Of the 110 participants recruited, 14 dropped out between the debonding and the six-month recall visit. There were statistically significant differences between the mean DIAGNOdent readings of the two groups at the three-month (P

Conclusions

A greater decrease in DIAGNOdent pen …

Dental Service-Learning Curriculum And Community Outreach Programs Perception Vs. Practice, Barbara Gaeth

Professional Projects

The purpose of this study is to determine if the service-learning aspect of Marquette’s dental education enhances the dental students’ knowledge of the barriers to access to dental care for underserved populations. The goal of this study is to obtain feedback about service-learning in the MUSoD curriculum and disseminate the findings to others who teach service-learning in dental school curricula. MUSoD students have the opportunity to participate in multiple diverse outreach experiences throughout their four years of Dental School. Their attitudes toward service experiences and their perception of service-learning curriculum before and after they perform rotations will be recorded. Volunteers …

Association Between Caries, Obesity And Insulin Resistance In Mexican Adolescents, Juan Pablo Loyola-Rodgriguez, Carlos Villa-Chavez, Nuria Patiño-Marin, Celia Aradillas-Garcia, Cesar Gonzalez, Esperanza De La Cruz-Mendoza

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Aim: To determine the association among dental caries, obesity and insulin resistance in Mexican adolescents. Methods: Body Mass Index, obesity (OB) blood pressure, insulin level, insulin resistance (IR), triglycerides level, serum HDL-cholesterol (cHDL), DMFT index and salivary flow were measured. Results: Anthropometric measures showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05). Insulin level was 8.98 for healthy subjects, whereas for OB-IR group was 25.35, there was a statistical significant difference (p < 0.05). Triglycerides level was 88.50 for healthy subjects and 169.40 mg/dL for OB-IR; cHDL was 52.88 for healthy and 41.82 mg/dL for OB-IR group, both showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Salivary flow was 4.30 for healthy and for OB-IR group was 5.48 ml/min showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05). DMFT index was 3.02 for healthy and for OB-IR adolescents was 4.78, showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05). The caries component of DMFT index was 1.84 for healthy and was 3.52 for OB-IR adolescents, showed a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05). According to the multivariate analysis, DMFT (OR=3.10; IC95%=0.20-1.02, p=0.042) and decay (OR=3.30; IC95%=0.19-1.0, p=0.011) were associated with subjects with OB-IR. Conclusion: OB-IR Mexican adolescents showed a positive association with DMFT.

Lubricin Immunohistochemical Expression In Human Temporomandibular Joint Disc With Internal Derangement, Rosalia Leonardi, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Carla Loreto

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Lubricin is a chondroprotective, mucinous glycoprotein which contribute to joint lubrication, especially to boundary lubrication and maintains joint integrity. The present investigation aimed to study the immunolocalization of lubricin in TMJ discs from patients affected by anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) ADDwoR. Eighteen TMJ displaced disc affected by ADDwoR were processed immunohistochemically, with a polyclonal anti‐lubricin antibody, used at 1:50 working dilution. The percentage of lubricin immunopositive cells (extent score = ES) and the extent of lubricin staining of the disc extracellular matrix (ECM), were evaluated. Each sample was scored for histopathological changes. Percentage of immunostained surface disc cells …

Galvanic Corrosion Between Various Combinations Of Orthodontic Brackets And Archwires, Arash Bakhtari, T. Gerard Bradley, William K. Lobb, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare galvanic currents generated by different combinations of commonly used brackets and archwires.

Methods: As-received stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and betatitanium wires were coupled to stainless steel and titanium brackets in an artificial saliva medium. The galvanic current and amount of charge transferred for each pair were monitored with a zero resistance ammeter for 10 hours.

Results: Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant difference in charge and galvanic currents when factored for type of bracket (P\0.001), but no significant difference between them when factored by type of wire (P .0.05). Specifically, …

A Methodology For Three-Dimensional Quantification Of Anterior Tooth Width, L. Thomas Johnson, Thomas W. Radmer, Alexis D. Visotcky, Kwang Woo Ahn, Daniel D. Blinka, Thomas Wirtz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology has been shown to be more accurate in measuring individual incisor tooth widths than the use of wax exemplars. There were fewer differences by investigators using CBCT than others using an F-test in a mixed model of the measurement differences of investigators, wax type, and which tooth was measured. In addition, the frequency of outliers was less in the CBCT method (a total of 5) as compared to the two-dimensional measurements in ether Aluwax (a total of 8) or Coprwax (a total of 12). Both results indicate that CBCT measurements accounted more …

Erosive Tooth Wear And Consumption Of Beverages Among Children In The United States, Christopher Okunseri, Elaye Okunseri, Cesar Gonzalez, Alexis D. Visotcky, Aniko Szabo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background/Aim: Experimental studies have identified differences in the effect of physicochemical properties of beverages on the etiology of erosive tooth wear (ETW). Little is known from epidemiological studies about the relationship between ETW and consumption of juices, drinks and milk. This study examined the relationship between the consumption of juices, drinks, milk and ETW in children in the United States. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examinations Survey data for 2003–2004 was analyzed. Trained and calibrated examiners used the modified Smith and Knight Tooth Wear Index from a 1998 United Kingdom Adult Health Survey to measure ETW. Beverage consumption collected …

Giant Mandibular Condyle Osteoma, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Marco Antonio De Oliveira Filho

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Osteomas are benign tumors composed of mature compact or cancellous bone. They represent an uncommon lesion that occurs mainly in craniofacial complex bones. In jaws, they can appear on the bone surface as a polypoid or sessile mass, characterizing a peripheral osteoma (PO), or can be a lesion in the medullar space, then it is called central osteoma. In view of the scarcely reported cases about POs, this article presents a case of PO of the maxillofacial area that was surgically resected using hemicoronal approach.

Agenesis Of Maxillary Lateral Incisors In Orthodontic Patients And The Relation To Overall Tooth Size, Jane Wright

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most frequently missing tooth in the dental arch with clinical management requiring a complex and multidisciplinary treatment approach. It has been suspected that teeth could be smaller in the maxillary or mandibular arches in patients experiencing agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor, making ideal occlusal relationships and space creation for restoration of the lateral incisor difficult to obtain. The purpose of this study is to determine if a tooth size discrepancy exists in orthodontic patients with agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor(s).

Forty sets of dental casts from Caucasian orthodontic patients (19 male …

Effect Of Light-Cure Initiation Time On Polymerization And Orthodontic Bond Strength With A Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer, Jess Thomas

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The polymerization and acid<–>base reactions in resin<–>modified glass<–>ionomers (RMGI) are thought to compete with and inhibit one another. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of visible light<–>cure (VLC) delay on the polymerization efficiency and orthodontic bond strength of a dual<–>cured RMGI.

Methods: An RMGI light<–>cured immediately, 2.5, 5, or 10 minutes after mixing comprised the experimental groups. Isothermal and dynamic temperature scan differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the RMGI was performed to determine extents of VLC polymerization and acid<–>base reaction exotherms. Human premolars (n = 18/group) were …

The Effects Of Different Surface Treatments On The Shear Bond Strength Of Composite Resin To Machined Titanium, Mohammad Sadeq Aljadi

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between machined titanium and composite resin using different surface treatments.

Materials and Methods: Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) specimens were ground with 600 grit SiC paper and randomly divided into 6 groups (n=20/group). Group #1 (Control): samples were sandblasted with 110 µm Al₂O₃ for 10 sec. Group #2 (Rocatec): samples were treated with the Rocatec system following the manufacturer's directions but the silanization step was eliminated. Group #3 (Silano Pen): samples were treated with the Silano Pen system. Group #4 (H₂SO₄ etched): samples were …

Friction Testing Of A New Ligature, Alison Mantel

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: To determine if American Orthodontics' (AO) new, experimental ligature demonstrates less friction in vitro when compared to four other ligatures on the market.

Methods: Four brackets were mounted on a custom metal fixture allowing an 0.018-in stainless steel wire attached to an opposite fixture with one bracket to be passively centered in the bracket slot. The wire was ligated to the bracket using one of five types of ligatures including the low friction test ligatures (AO), conventional ligatures (AO), Sili–TiesTM, Silicone Infused Ties (GAC), Synergy® Low-Friction Ligatures (RMO), and SuperSlick ligatures (TP Orthodontics). Resistance to sliding was measured over …

Eruption Delay And Sequelae In Permanent Incisors Following Intrusive Luxation In Primary Dentition: A Case Report, H. Cem Güngör, Esin Püşman, Serdar Uysal

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

With respect to its consequences, intrusive luxation is one of the most severe form of dental traumatic injuries in primary dentition. This case report presents crown and root deformation of a permanent incisor together with its delayed eruption which have resulted from a traumatic injury to its predecessor.

Moving An Incisor Across The Midline: A Treatment Alternative In An Adolescent Patient, Jose A. Bosio, T. Gerard Bradley, Arthur F. Hefti

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A 13-year-old sought treatment for a severely compromised maxillary left central incisor and an impacted fully developed left canine. Extraction of both teeth became necessary. As the key component of the revised comprehensive treatment plan, the right maxillary central incisor was moved into the position of the left central incisor. All other maxillary teeth were moved mesially to close any gaps. Active orthodontic treatment was completed after 34 months. Frenectomy, minor periodontal surgeries, and bonded lingual retainers were used to improve aesthetics and stabilize the tooth positions. The patient was pleased with the treatment outcome. Cone-beam computed tomography provided evidence …

Access To Dental Care In Two Long-Term Refugee Camps In Western Tanzania; Programme Development And Assessment, Toni M. Roucka

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective:  To analyse the demographics surrounding and the sustainability of a course in Emergency Dental Care and Health Promotion developed and taught by a team of dentists from the United States to refugee camp health-care workers in two long-term refugee camps in Western Tanzania.

Methods:  Refugee camp dental patient log books from Mtabila and Nyarugusu camps Kigoma, Tanzania were analysed and demographic data collected on each patient visit from the programme inception in November 2007 until August 2009. Data collection included information relevant to 1961 patient visits. Data were entered into SPSS Statistics 17.0 using the Freq application.

Outcomes:  Patient …

Metallurgical Characterization Of New Palladium-Containing Cocr And Nicr Alloys, Raghav Puri

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Recently introduced to the market has been an entirely new subclass of casting alloy composition whereby palladium (~25 wt%) is added to traditional base metal alloys such as CoCr and NiCr.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microstructure and Vickers hardness of two new CoPdCr and one new NiPdCr alloy and compare them to traditional CoCr and NiCr alloys.

Methods: The casting alloys investigated were: CoPdCr-A (Noble Crown NF, The Argen Corporation), CoPdCr-I (Callisto CP+, Ivoclar Vivadent), NiPdCr (Noble Crown, Argen), CoCr (Argeloy N.P. Special, Argen), and NiCr (Argeloy N.P. Star, Argen). As- cast cylindrical alloy …

Effects Of Rapid Maxillary Expansion On Upper Airway; A 3 Dimensional Cephalometric Analysis, Yoon Hwan Chang

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess changes in the volume and cross sectional areas of the upper airway in children with maxillary constriction treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME).

The study group consisted of 5 males and 9 females with mean age of 12.93 years with posterior cross bite and constricted maxilla who were treated with hyrax expander as part of their comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Pre and post RME CBCT scans were analyzed with 3D Dolphin 11.0 software to measure the retropalatal (RP) and retroglossal (RG) airway changes including volume and cross …

Marginal Ridge Thickness (Mrt) Of Maxillary Incisors, Mark Foster

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Aim: To determine the marginal ridge thickness (MRT) of maxillary incisors in orthodontic patients and the possible correlation between MRT and Bolton Index.

Methods: 120 pre<–>orthodontic treatment dental casts were collected, following the inclusion criteria: Quality pretreatment upper and lower casts, age 10<–>16, full permanent dentition (except 2nd and 3rd molars), no obvious wear/attrition/abrasion, no proximal restorations or crowns. For each cast, the mesio (M<–>D)distal (M<–>D) widths of the upper and lower teeth from left 1st molar to right 1st molar were measured to calculate Bolton Index. The MRTs of the maxillary incisors were measured in …

Apoptosis In Displaced Temporomandibular Joint Disc With And Without Reduction: An Immunohistochemical Study, Carla Loreto, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Paula C. Trevilatto, Rosalia Leonardi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Internal derangement (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is due to an abnormal relationship of the articular disc to the mandibular condyle, glenoid fossa and articular eminence. The two most common types of internal derangement are anterior disc displacement with (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR). Disc displacement is associated with degenerative tissue changes. The histological features of discs from patients with TMJ ID reflect a general remodelling caused by abnormal loading. A correlation has been demonstrated between TMJ ID and apoptosis. Few investigations have addressed the role of apoptosis or caspase activity in TMJ ID. The apoptosis activation process was …

The Epithelioid Blue Nevus: A Rare Intraoral Nevomelanocytic Tumor, Atef Hanna, Swati Y. Rawal, Kenneth M. Anderson, Yeshwant B. Rawal

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The epithelioid blue nevus (EBN) is considered a cutaneous marker of the Carney complex. Sporadic EBN has been reported in patients not exhibiting the Carney complex. The EBN does not exhibit unique clinical features that help to differentiate it from other lesions and is often provisionally diagnosed as an acquired melanocytic nevus, or a malignant melanoma. A 52-year-old African-American female had a 3-4 mm bluish macule of the left anterior hard palate. An excisional biopsy was performed to rule out an incipient melanoma. Formalin-fixed, hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections were examined microscopically. On the basis of histopathological features, a diagnosis of …

New Phosphated Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Polymers For The Prevention Of Denture-Induced Microbial Infection: An In Vitro Study, Antony Raj, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been widely used as a denture-base acrylic resin due to its excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, the material is highly prone to microbial fouling that often leads to Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Incorporation of phosphate groups into PMMA could facilitate adsorption of salivary antimicrobials and inhibit microbial adherence on the polymer surface. An in vitro study evaluated PMMA polymers containing varying amounts of phosphate group for their efficacy to inhibit Candida albicans adhesion, adsorb salivary histatin 5, and exhibit candidacidal activity.

Methods: Six PMMA polymers containing 0%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 20%, and 25% of …

Gingival Abscess Removal Using A Soft-Tissue Laser, Soni Prasad, Edward A. Monaco, Jr., Sebastiano Andreana

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Gingival abscess, also known as parulis, is defined as a localized, acute inflammatory lesion that may arise from a number of sources, including microbial plaque infection, trauma, and foreign body impaction. It often presents as a smooth, fluctuant, red-color swelling and can occasionally be painful. It is generally limited to marginal and interdental gingiva. Based on its location it has been classified as a type of periodontal abscess which does not involve any attachment loss. The treatment comprises of removal of the cause and, in acute situations, excision of the abscess. A typical gingival abscess is easy to diagnose; however, …