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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Periodontal Resident Self-Assessment Of Ergonomics Before And After Videotaped Surgeries, Corin Marantz
Periodontal Resident Self-Assessment Of Ergonomics Before And After Videotaped Surgeries, Corin Marantz
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: To examine whether self-assessment of videotaped surgeries helps improve periodontal residents’ ergonomics. Methods: Residents (n=8) provided self-assessments of their own ergonomics while performing periodontal surgery using a questionnaire with open and closed items. Results were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative means. Results: Comparison of responses resulted in a change between Pre-video Surgery 1 and PSV1 (p<0.05) and between the three occasions for flat foot and horizontal shoulder positions (p<0.05). Resident goals were most numerous for improving positions of shoulder, back and neck and most notable responses for failure to achieve goals were the need for surgical access and being too focused the procedure. Conclusions: Videotape review is a valid means of self-assessment. Intervention solely in the form of a questionnaire and videotape review was insufficient in its ability to change the residents’ ergonomics. Barriers to implementation of proper ergonomics were identified.
Comparison Of Root Canal Irrigation Systems In Reducing Intracanal Microorganisms Using Saline-An In Vitro Study, Pranav Desai
Comparison Of Root Canal Irrigation Systems In Reducing Intracanal Microorganisms Using Saline-An In Vitro Study, Pranav Desai
Theses and Dissertations
Mechanical and chemical debridement plays an important role in reducing intracanal microorganisms. Effective root canal irrigation depends on both the root canal irrigant and irrigation system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the debridement efficiency of four root canal irrigation systems, Endovac®, PiezoFlow™, EndoActivator® and traditional needle irrigation using saline as an irrigant. Seventy-five, single canal, extracted, mature teeth were selected. Teeth were standardized to canal lengths of 15 mm and instrumented to Master Apical File size #40 with 4% taper. Teeth were mounted in a centrifuge tube using PVS impression material. Teeth were randomly divided into four …
Perceived Social Attributes Of College Students With Ideal Versus Non-Ideal Dental Esthetics Judged By Peers., David Jones
Perceived Social Attributes Of College Students With Ideal Versus Non-Ideal Dental Esthetics Judged By Peers., David Jones
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of dentofacial appearance on perceived social attributes of college-aged adult males and females as judged by their peers. Specifically, the objective was to determine if ideal smile esthetics positively influenced this age group’s perception of opposite-sex peers based on ratings of the following psychosocial characteristics: attractiveness, desire to spend time with, desire to date, and desire for a long-term relationship. Evaluators were shown digital photographs of subjects with ideal and nonideal smiles and asked to rate those 4 attributes using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The subjects’ photographs with ideal …
Compliance-Free Class Ii Correction And Its Relationship To Vertical Facial Characteristics, Michael Shoff
Compliance-Free Class Ii Correction And Its Relationship To Vertical Facial Characteristics, Michael Shoff
Theses and Dissertations
Background: While efficacy of the Forsus appliance has been shown, there are disagreements on its mechanism for Class II correction. Class II studies have been criticized for ignoring potential differences in results based on differing vertical facial phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to better understand the effects of Class II correction using the Forsus appliance and relate changes during and at the completion of treatment to initial MP-SN angles. Materials and Methods: Records of 59 patients obtained at 4 different time points were examined retrospectively. ANOVA was used to describe the cephalometric changes and Pearson’s correlation tested for …
The Fluoride Recharging Capability Of Orthodontic Materials: An In-Vitro Study, Christine Farah
The Fluoride Recharging Capability Of Orthodontic Materials: An In-Vitro Study, Christine Farah
Theses and Dissertations
Enamel demineralization in the form of white spot lesions (WSLs) around fixed orthodontic appliances is a persistent problem in patients with poor oral hygiene.These lesions can form rapidly within 4 weeks of bracket placement.The purpose of this in-vitro study was to investigate the fluoride recharging capability ofa commercially available orthodontic primer used to minimize the development of WSLs in patients. The three groups tested were: OpalSeal (n=20, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT), ProSeal (n=20, Reliance, Itasca, IL) and Transbond XT (control, n=10, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA). The samples(5mmin diameter x 1mm in thickness) weresuspended individually in vials filled with 10mL of …
Mandibular Symphyseal Distraction Osteogenesis (Msdo): Association With Temporomandibular Dysfunction (Tmd) Symptoms, Sheldon Bates
Mandibular Symphyseal Distraction Osteogenesis (Msdo): Association With Temporomandibular Dysfunction (Tmd) Symptoms, Sheldon Bates
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Transverse mandibular discrepancies are often overlooked during orthodontic treatment. MSDO is a treatment to address this issue, but much debate exists over the long-term implications on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Few studies have sample sizes sufficient to draw clear conclusions about the impact of MSDO on TMJ health. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated private practice records including 49 MSDO patients and 57 traditionally-treated controls. The subjects were assessed by TMD exams that evaluated jaw pain and discomfort using visual analog scales, range of motion for opening, right and left lateral, and protrusive movements, and the presence of clenching, …
The Effectiveness Of Visual Aids In Motivational Counseling On Oral Health Literacy, Christian Peck
The Effectiveness Of Visual Aids In Motivational Counseling On Oral Health Literacy, Christian Peck
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine if motivational interviewing with written/illustrated infant oral health education provided to caregivers of pediatric dental patients increases caregivers’ oral health literacy compared to verbal only motivational instruction. Methods: This is a cohort study of caregivers and their child receiving oral health anticipatory guidance utilizing motivational interviewing with and without visual aids. Caregivers (N=20) of pediatric dental patients age 0-4 that presented to the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry for a new patient exam were recruited for the study. Caregivers were randomly assigned into 2 groups: the intervention group (IG), and …
Parental Understanding Of Anesthesia Risk For Dental Treatment, Andrew Zale
Parental Understanding Of Anesthesia Risk For Dental Treatment, Andrew Zale
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: To determine which method of anesthesia risk presentation parents understand and prefer across their demographic variables Methods: As a cross-sectional study, questionnaires were distributed to 50 parents of patients (<7 years of age) in the VCU Pediatric Dental Clinic. Parents were asked of their own and their children’s demographics, previous dental and anesthesia experiences, and anesthesia understanding. Parents were then asked to rate the level of risk of several risk presentations and finally asked which method of risk presentation they most understood or preferred. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, likelihood chi square tests, and repeated measures logistic regression. Results: There was no evidence of a differential preference due to gender (P = 0.28), age (P > .9), education (P = 0.39) or whether they incorrectly answered any risk question (P > 0.7). There was some evidence that the three types were not equally preferred (likelihood ratio chi- square = 5.31, df =2, P-value = 0.0703). The best estimate is that 60% prefer charts, 34% prefer numbers, and 36% prefer activity comparisons. There was a relationship between the average relative risk of general anesthesia and age (r …
The Impact Of Maternal Influences On Early Childhood Dental Caries, Rana Graham-Montaque
The Impact Of Maternal Influences On Early Childhood Dental Caries, Rana Graham-Montaque
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the maternal influences on the development of infant oral biofilm and early childhood dental caries. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional design to evaluate factors influencing biofilm colonization and the identification of bacterial strains present in mother and child by utilizing oral health literacy surveys, clinical examinations, and plaque samples. Participants were enrolled in the Children’s Health Involving Parents of Greater Richmond (CHIP). Plaque samples and dental disease levels were collected from mother and children ages six months to thirty-six months. Oral Health Literacy was compared to both mother and child’s …
Accuracy Of Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography In Determining The Thickness Of The Palatal Masticatory Mucosa, Justin Hardison
Accuracy Of Cone-Beam Computerized Tomography In Determining The Thickness Of The Palatal Masticatory Mucosa, Justin Hardison
Theses and Dissertations
BACKGROUND: The aim was to compare the thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa as determined on a cone-beam computerized (CBCT) scan versus thickness determined via bone-sounding. METHODS: A total of twenty patients requiring palatal surgery participated. Thickness of the palatal tissue was measured at various points radiographically and clinically. The two techniques were compared to determine the agreement of the two measurement modalities. RESULTS: Analysis of variance determined that there was no significant difference between the two methods. A small bias of the radiographic measurement being larger was found to be statistically significant (0.09 ± 0.69mm; p <0.0001). Moreover, the tissue thickness was shown to increase as the distance from the gingival margin increased and the tissue over the molars was thinner than the tissue over the premolars. CONCLUSIONS: CBCT can be used to accurately determine the soft tissue thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa with minimal bias.
The Effect Of Esthetic Crown Lengthening On Perceptions Of A Patient’S Attractiveness, Friendliness, Trustworthiness, Intelligence, And Self-Confidence, Samuel Lyon Malkinson
The Effect Of Esthetic Crown Lengthening On Perceptions Of A Patient’S Attractiveness, Friendliness, Trustworthiness, Intelligence, And Self-Confidence, Samuel Lyon Malkinson
Theses and Dissertations
BACKGROUND: Smile esthetics play a major role in the perception of a person’s attractiveness, as well as other social parameters. The study aim was to see if altering the gingival display of patients would affect perceptions of the aforementioned social parameters. METHODS: Smiling photographs were taken and then digitally altered so as to lengthen the teeth and reduce the amount of gingiva. These photographs were shown to a group of senior dental students, and a group of evaluators with no formal dental training. Groups were asked to rate each picture’s attractiveness, friendliness, trustworthiness, intelligence, and self-confidence. RESULTS: The digitally altered …
Effect Of Local Anesthesia On Postoperative Pain With General Anesthesia, Belinda Campbell
Effect Of Local Anesthesia On Postoperative Pain With General Anesthesia, Belinda Campbell
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine if the use of local anesthesia with general anesthesia results in less postoperative pain. The alternative hypothesis is that children will experience less postoperative discomfort when utilizing intraligamental local anesthetic during the intra-operative time period. Methods: Patients were recruited for this single blind, randomized, prospective cohort study with the following inclusion criteria: English speaking children age 3-6 years, ASA I/II requiring general anesthesia for dental treatment. Randomization was done to place patients in groups of no local anesthetic vs. local anesthetic administration. A Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale was utilized to evaluate …
Retentive Cement Strengths With Passive Fit Primary Anterior Esthetic Crowns, Charles Davis Jr.
Retentive Cement Strengths With Passive Fit Primary Anterior Esthetic Crowns, Charles Davis Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: to assess the retentive strengths of passive fit esthetic anterior restorations using three commercially available cements. Methods: Three resin dies were fabricated from the intaglio surface of each restoration type. Each die was prepared following the current accepted guidelines on primary anterior tooth crown preparation. The three prepared teeth were replicated to produce 30 dies for each of the three restoration types. The prepared teeth were further separated into nine groups of 10 teeth each. Thirty EZ Pedo Crowns, 30 NuSmile Primary Crowns and 30 Unitek crowns were cemented using hand pressure employing the luting cement assigned to the …
The Antimicrobial Effect Of Steriplex Hc In Comparison With Sodium Hypochlorite On Enterococcus Faecalis, Jonathan Coudron
The Antimicrobial Effect Of Steriplex Hc In Comparison With Sodium Hypochlorite On Enterococcus Faecalis, Jonathan Coudron
Theses and Dissertations
The study objective was to compare the antimicrobial activity of STERIPLEX™ HC with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at different dilutions (50%, 25%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%) and different time intervals (1, 3, 5 minutes) on Enterococcus faecalis. All data was analyzed using an ANOVA. The 50%, 25%, and 10% dilutions of both disinfectants reduced the colony forming unit (CFU) count to below the limit of detection (50 CFU/ml) after one minute. The 1% dilutions at each of the time intervals show NaOCl was significantly more effective than STERIPLEX™ HC (all Ps < .0001) in reducing the CFU/ml count. The 0.1% dilutions of NaOCl and STERIPLEX™ HC at 1 minute, were not different (P = 0.7808), while at 3 minutes and 5 minutes NaOCl was significantly more effective (P = 0.0098 and P < .0001, respectively).
Comparison Of Steriplex™ Hc And Sodium Hypochlorite Cytotoxicity On Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Jesse Harris
Comparison Of Steriplex™ Hc And Sodium Hypochlorite Cytotoxicity On Primary Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Jesse Harris
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the cytotoxic effects of STERIPLEX™ HC (sBioMed, Orem, UT) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on human fibroblast cells in vitro. Fibroblasts exposed to various concentrations of NaOCl or STERIPLEX™ HC were visualized via light microscopy. Dilutions of either NaOCl or STERIPLEX™ HC that did not appear to disrupt the integrity of the cells were recorded for further analysis. Cells were then cultured and grown to confluence in five separate plates. A void was created down the middle of each plate. If the cells were viable, cellular confluence was seen. If nonviable, confluence of the cells did not occur. …
Evaluation Of A Revised Curriculum: A Four-Year Qualitative Study Of Student Perceptions, Sharon K. Lanning, Angela P. Wetzel, Meredith B. Baines, B. Ellen Byrne
Evaluation Of A Revised Curriculum: A Four-Year Qualitative Study Of Student Perceptions, Sharon K. Lanning, Angela P. Wetzel, Meredith B. Baines, B. Ellen Byrne
Periodontics Publications
Following curricular revisions at the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, this longitudinal study was designed to determine students' perceptions of their educational experience in the revised curriculum. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) open-ended response questionnaire was administered to students in the class of 2011 (N=89) in January of each academic year, 2008 through 2011, followed by focus groups three months prior to graduation. The overall response rate for the questionnaire was 69 percent, and a total of fourteen students participated in four focus groups. Cumulatively, 1,382 responses (SWOT=984 and focus groups=398) were qualitatively analyzed, and five themes …
Spxa1 Involved In Hydrogen Peroxide Production, Stress Tolerance And Endocarditis Virulence In Streptococcus Sanguinis, Lei Chen, Xiuchun Ge, Xiaojing Wang, Jenishkumar R. Patel, Ping Xu
Spxa1 Involved In Hydrogen Peroxide Production, Stress Tolerance And Endocarditis Virulence In Streptococcus Sanguinis, Lei Chen, Xiuchun Ge, Xiaojing Wang, Jenishkumar R. Patel, Ping Xu
Philips Institute for Oral Health Research Publications
Streptococcus sanguinis is one of the most common agents of infective endocarditis. Spx proteins are a group of global regulators that negatively or positively control global transcription initiation. In this study, we characterized the spxA1 gene in S. sanguinis SK36. The spxA1 null mutant displayed opaque colony morphology, reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, and reduced antagonistic activity against Streptococcus mutans UA159 relative to the wild type strain. The ΔspxA1 mutant also demonstrated decreased tolerance to high temperature, acidic and oxidative stresses. Further analysis revealed that ΔspxA1 also exhibited a ~5-fold reduction in competitiveness in an animal model of …
Consumers’ Choice Of Dentists: How And Why People Choose Dental School Faculty Members As Their Oral Health Care Providers, M. Julie Kim, Peter C. Damiano, Jed Hand, Gerald E. Denehy, Deborah S. Cobb, Fang Qian
Consumers’ Choice Of Dentists: How And Why People Choose Dental School Faculty Members As Their Oral Health Care Providers, M. Julie Kim, Peter C. Damiano, Jed Hand, Gerald E. Denehy, Deborah S. Cobb, Fang Qian
General Practice Publications
This study aimed to better understand how and why people choose dental school faculty members as their oral health care providers. Increasing financial constraints in U.S. dental schools have led their administrators to seek alternative funding sources, one of which can be revenues from dental school faculty practice. To effectively promote faculty practice, it is necessary to understand how and why one chooses a dental school faculty member as his or her oral health care provider. A survey of 1,150 dental school faculty practice patients who recently chose their dentist was conducted, and 221 responded. The information sources these respondents …
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 1, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 1, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 2, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 2, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 4, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 4, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 3, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 89, No. 3, 2012)
Virginia Dental Journal
No abstract provided.